Lehman Abale: nkhani kupambana ndi wotchuka banki kugwa

Mu mbiri ya Amerika, panali mavuto azachuma kugwa mabungwe akuluakulu a zachuma, zokhudza chuma cha dziko lino. - банка, который до этого считался одним из мировых лидеров инвестиционного бизнеса и занимал в этой сфере четвёртое место в США. Chimodzi mwa posachedwa ndi lofunika kwambiri pakati pawo ndi bankirapuse wa Lehman Brothers - banki, amene anali kale chimodzi cha kutsogolera banki ndalama dziko ndi yapangitsa m'dera lino mu malo wachinai mu United States. Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza mbiri ya kupambana ndi bankirapuse tiona.

maziko

Mu 1844, Genrih Leman anasamuka ku Germany ku United States. Apa, m'tauni yaing'ono mu Alabama, iye anatsegula shopu imene mankhwala ankagulitsa. makasitomala ake anali makamaka amalonda m'dera thonje. Zinthu zikuwayendera bwino kwambiri moti posachedwapa, wazamalonda sanafa anapeza ndalama zokwanira kuthandiza kusuntha Abale awiri wamng'ono. Anamuthandiza mu malonda, ndipo gulu lawo kale otchedwa Lehman Brothers. Nthawi zambiri, makasitomala akhala opindulitsa kulipira iwo chotsirizidwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, kupeza thonje, abale understate kufunika kwake, kenako kugulitsa pa mitengo msika, mumapezera mankhwala yemweyo kawiri. Mu 1855, Genrih Leman anafa, kenako kampani anayamba kutsogolera m'bale wake Emanuel, amene patapita zaka zitatu, anatsegula nthambi ku New York. Pa Civil Nkhondo olimba mwachangu anathandiza limati kum'mwera. Nditamaliza anakhazikitsa ake kugwirizana malonda zathandiza abale kulinganiza yopanga Alabama kumangigwa.

kuwombola chofunika

Mu 1870, New York Thonje Kusinthanitsa unakhazikitsidwa. Amagwira ntchito maziko ake anatenga kampani Lehman Brothers. Mbiri ya banki ndalama, mumapezera phindu chadzaoneni, anayamba mozungulira nthawi ino. Mu dera la zofuna za kampani nthawi kuti amaphatikiza osati thonje, komanso mankhwala ena kuti kupanga ndalama, monga mafuta ndi khofi. kampaniyo nayenso padera mu masheya a makampani kuti kuyambira basi. Tikumbukenso kuti ambiri a iwo lerolino.

bwino

Mu 1906, kampani ankapita ndi Filipp Leman, imene nthawi imene kwa mabungwe waukulu unakhazikitsidwa ogulitsa katundu. mwana wake Robert mu 1925 anali kazembe womaliza wa mafumu inatsogolera bungwe. Analandila maphunziko pa Yale, pamodzi ndi zofunika bwino-anasiyira ntchito anamuthandiza basi pinakwanisa kupulumusa Lehman Abale ochokera mavuto pa Depression, komanso kupanga izo mmodzi wa mabungwe zopezera ndalama mu dziko. Pa chiyambi cha makumi za m'ma otsiriza, banki ali padera mu makampani ndege, wailesi, filimu, ndi kugula Intaneti. Motsogozedwa ndi Robert Lehmann kampani anapita mlingo wokweretsa chitukuko wakhala mmodzi wa otchuka kwambiri mu United States.

Prerequisites kwa mavutowo

Mu 1969, a Robert Lehman anafa. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, kulimbana mphamvu kunabuka Lehman Brothers. Mu 1975, banki anakhala chachinayi ndalama bungwe ndalama dziko. Ngakhale, mu Mipingo oyambirira zaka mazana makumi awiri, osunga ndalama zambiri anatsanzika. chakuti iwo sakanakhoza kuchita chilichonse punters, amene awonjezera premiums awo unilaterally. частью одной из своих дочерних организаций. Mu 1984, zinthu mkati banki anatengerapo mwayi American Express, amene anapanga banki Lehman Abale gawo la wina wa bulanchi ake. Patapita zaka khumi, kampani zinasintha mfundo zake ndipo anayambitsa ndondomeko zogulitsa anthu a mafuko. Choncho, banki kachiwiri linalandira ufulu, ndipo msika capitalization wakula kwa bankirapuse.

kuwonongeka

Kumayambiriro a 2007, mphekesera anayamba zimafala zokhudza mavuto a m'banja. osinthitsa ake ayamba kutulutsa umasinthasintha OTC Mapangano, mwa kuwombola chidwi cha tsogolo la nsinga kubweza kwa anthu. Zinali masewera yowopsa kwambiri. N'chofunikira kwathunthu, mpaka kubweza msika azipeza. свои требования. Komabe, mwamsanga pamene zinthu zasintha eni anayamba kutenga Lehman Abale azipereka zofuna zawo. banki anali ndi njira kapena ngakhale sheya kuti akwaniritse udindo wake. Chifukwa, zoyambirira za 2008 kampani analengeza imfa yake anakwana madola mabiliyoni 2.8. Komanso, obwereketsa kuti akadandaule amanena kuti chipukuta misozi, amene totaled madola mabiliyoni 830. Bwana kuthetsa vuto ndi nationalization sanali kupeza thandizo m'boma. Motero, akuluakulu anasonyeza kuti boma sakufuna kulipira zolakwa za Ngopambana pamwamba.

September 15, 2008 kasamalidwe banki anatumiza kukhoti kuti kuzindikira bankirapuse ake. chuma madzi a bungwe ndalama mu US, Europe ndi East anagulidwa Barclays ndi Nomura Holdings makampani.