Laimu pushonka: ntchito m'munda, munda

Kuti kukolola m'munda kapena m'munda si zokwanira seeding ndi Thirani mbande kapena. Monga m'minda ndi nthaka pansi iwo m'pofunika kupereka kuisamalira. wamaluwa odziwa manyowa nthaka ndi kulimbana tizirombo, pamodzi ndi njira zina kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyana. Mmodzi wa anthu otchuka ndi laimu pushonka. M'munda ndi khitchini m'munda pali zifukwa zambiri kuti adziwe kufunika kwa chida.

Kodi laimu pushonka? Kuposa izo zingakhale zothandiza kuonetsetsa kukula wabwinobwino wa masamba ndi mbewu horticultural? ndi mbali ya ntchito yake ndi chiyani? Tiyeni tiyese kuzilingalira izo nkhaniyi.

Kodi laimu pushonka?

M'munda, imene eni amachita ulimi ang'onoang'ono, ntchito yabwino kashiamu laimu (organic nkhani), zomwe lagawidwa mitundu iwiri:

• (CaO) Quicklime;
• (Ca (o) 2) slaked laimu.

Magulu onsewa ali otetezeka anthu ndi zomera (phunziro kwa malamulo a ntchito ndi mankhwala zomveka).

Kashiamu laimu ntchito monga zowonjezera mu adzasowa chakudya (zaikidwa E-529). Ndi mankhwala a processing choko, miyala ndi mchere, carbonate gulu. Kunja ndi ufa woyera sungunuka m'madzi. Waukulu thanthwe kupanga zinthu - dolomite ndi calcite.

Laimu pushonka: ntchito

zinthu izi zodziwika bwino monga njira kwa kudyetsa masamba ndi mbewu horticultural. Iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito zikuluzikulu (munda), ulimi ndi mabanja payekha.

Onse ndekha ndi monga zigawo zikuluzikulu ya laimu ntchito mankhwala a zomera kuwateteza ku tizirombo ndi matenda, ndi kusintha khalidwe nthaka.

Kodi "quicklime"?

Pushonka - ndi slaked laimu, ndilo mosavuta khomo la quicklime wamba.

Kuthetsa ndondomeko ndi zimene laimu ufa ndi madzi nthawi imene mphindi zochepa chabe. Pa mogwirizana kwa zigawo izi inadzachitika ngati "limatsogolera" laimu - processing mu yabwino ndi bwino kuti ntchito kuti zikhudze zomera mawonekedwe. Kuyenera ofalitsidwa chenjezo limodzi: amapanga ndi laimu slaked, n'zosatheka ntchito madzi otentha ngati madzimadzi mkulu kutentha amathandiza n'chongoletsa katundu opindulitsa mankhwala.

Za mbali ndi phindu la ntchito ya laimu pa munda

Ndi mtundu Vishnjakova, laimu lili zinthu monga calcium, potaziyamu ndi magnesium. potaziyamu mawonekedwe okusayidi mosavuta chosakanikirana ndi zomera. A gawo lalikulu mu zikuchokera miyala ya laimu ndi calcium.

Amadziwika kuti zomera zambiri sangakhoze kulekerera kashiamu owonjezera. Komabe, chofunika kwambiri pa ndondomeko zofunika moyo zamoyo mbewu. Kupezeka kwa kashiamu m'nthaka n'kofunika: kumalimbikitsa ayoni haidrojeni zimene zimachititsa kupereka mlingo yabwino sing'anga anachita.

ntchito kashiamu:

• Chimateteza zomera mbewu ku matenda ndi kulimbikitsa kachitidwe kawo m'thupi;
• imayendetsa ntchito mabakiteriya nodule kuti yochulukirapo mu asafe nthaka akubwera kuchokera mpweya mizu pa tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake, amene bwino ubwino wa mbewu zakudya, kumawonjezera kukaniza awo kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoipa;
• bwino mayendedwe zimam'patsa mu zimakhala ndi;
• zinthu amakonda bwino kuvunda mu madzi;
• Imalimbikitsa muzu chitukuko komanso dongosolo yogwira.

Zigawo zikuluzikulu laimu zofunika zomera zakudya.

Pa nkhani imeneyi ndi yofunika pushonka laimu, ntchito m'munda wa Yehova amene akambidwa m'nkhani, mapangidwe manyowa. Kashiamu ndi chothandizira kuti imayendetsa ntchito tizilombo opindulitsa yotulutsa asafe kuchokera organic ndi mineralize izo. Komanso, Iyamba kuwonongeka kwa organic ndi mapangidwe humus.

Luso kuchepetsa acidity wa nthaka - mmodzi wa katundu wofunika kwambiri lomwe lili ndi laimu pushonka. tanthauzo lake m'munda ndi khitchini m'munda kumathandiza osati kwa matenda topsoil anachita, komanso kusintha mankhwala ake zikuchokera. Iwo neutralizes zitsulo poizoni - manganese, chitsulo ndi zotayidwa.

Pushonka laimu, ntchito m'munda ndi munda kwa normalization wa mankhwala zikuchokera nthaka amadziwika wamaluwa onse, ndi zotsatira zabwino pa dongosolo nthaka, kupanga kwambiri chimauma ndi zochepa lotayirira.

kangati amathera liming?

Laimu ntchito mwakhama ulimi zolinga zosiyanasiyana. The ofunika kwambiri awa ndi neutralization a acidity nthaka. Kwa njirayi, ntchito laimu pushonka. The ntchito m'munda (ntchito mlingo pansipa) amapezeka ndi ulemu wotere Nthawi:

• Liming nthawi zonse umachitikira kamodzi pa zaka 4-5;
• pansi, pansi ntchito tima - kamodzi pa zaka 3.

Kodi kudziwa acidity kuchuluka kwa nthaka?

Pofuna kudziwa mlingo wa "souring" mabedi (kuchuluka acidity wa nthaka) ayenera kulabadira zina mwa zizindikiro kunja kwa dziko "chizindikiro" za kusintha mankhwala ake zikuchokera:

• zikamera wa Moss wobiriwira pa m'mbali mwa dziko lapansi;
• kukula kwa horsetail ndi tchire, clove, rosemary, Heather, chotchezera, Belousov, zokwawa buttercup.

Kupezeka pa dziko la alendo izi sanatiitane - chizindikiro cha zimene zikufunika pano pushonka laimu, ntchito m'munda amene amapangidwa ankalemekeza mlingo zinalembedwa.

Komanso, mbali khalidwe la acidity ndi:

• yochitidwa, ngati wosanjikiza ashy, bodza padziko;
• osauka kukula Beet, tirigu.

Kudziwa acidity kungakhale ntchito zizindikiro pepala kuti amagulitsidwa m'masitolo zapaderazi.

N'chifukwa chiyani kulimbana ndi kuchuluka acidity wa nthaka?

dziko wowawasa ndi malo kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi nkhungu. tizilombo zothandiza nthaka asidi amaoneka zedi osakwanira.

Pa nthaka acidic zambiri limakula kwambiri namsongole. Cultivars bwino ndinazolowera lotero. Ofooka mizu akufotokozera amene nthawi zambiri kumabweretsa imfa ya zomera.

A mkulu pH mlingo limasonyeza msinkhu chodziwa m'dziko la ayoni wa hydrogen ndi. Pamene umuna imayamba ndi zimene haidrojeni iwo, otembenuka zikuchokera awo, kupanga yopanda phindu kwa zomera. Kunyamula deoxidation nthaka m'dzinja kapena kasupe kumathandiza kuchepetsa mlingo wa manganese ndi zotayidwa. Magnesium, asafe, molybdenum, phosphorous, calcium Adzaperekedwa ndi kuchuluka chofunika.

mitengo ntchito ya laimu m'nthaka

Kuonjezera zokolola ayenera bwino kukhala laimu pushonka. The ntchito m'munda, mlingo ayenera zikugwirizana ndi mfundo za ntchito:

• dothi lolemera dongo: 450-800 g / sq. mamita;
• dothi kuwala, loams, clays: 350-600 g / sq. mamita;
• kuwala kwambiri, dothi la mchenga: 250-500 g / sq. m.

Owonjezera mlingo kufala kudzivulaza zomera. Kwambiri nthaka zamchere amachepetsa digestibility wa zomera chofunika kwambiri kufufuza zinthu, makamaka calcium. Komano, khalidwe osauka ya laimu mwina chifukwa cha kumayambiriro laimu mu nthaka limodzi ndi manyowa. Pamene izi zimachitika mapangidwe mankhwala insoluble, amene amakhala opanda zomera. mbewu masamba ayamba kuona kusowa kwa zakudya zofunikira ndipo musataye kukolola.

Monga laimu kuti nthaka?

Quick laimu bwino kubweza. Kuchita izi, izo n'kukhala ngati ufa ndi moisten ndi madzi. Anawombera slaked laimu ndi wothira nthaka.

Pamene laimu?

M'dzinja laimu pushonka (ntchito m'munda anafotokoza m'nkhani) anadzetsa pansi kukumba ncholinga liming zake zonse.

Yophukira kukumba (yolima) nthaka ndi zambiri ankakonda, makamaka pamene akukonzekera kufesa masamba oyambirira. Kuyenera anayamba nthawi yomweyo mukakolola ndi kuchotsa mbali zotsala za mizu ndi masamba. Pa siteshoni kuwanditsa fetereza wogawana. Shoveling nthaka strata zikuyenera ziziperekedwa kotero kuti sprayed pamwamba wosanjikiza anaonekera pansi ndi pansi structural - padziko. M'dzinja si analimbikitsa kuti awononge zibuluma ndi kusalaza pamwamba - kotero chinyontho m'nthaka bwino anasunga.

Mankhwalawa waukulu ikuchitika kuti akuya masentimita 22-30, ndi mbewu osatha masamba - 35-40 cm.

M'madera osaya wosanjikiza topsoil amafuna kukumba subsurface nthaka ndi ntchito munthawi yomweyo ya laimu ndi organic feteleza:

• pamene kukumba kuchotsedwa topsoil ndi podzol (subsurface nthaka) anamasuka kuti akuya 1-2 cm;
• pali anawonjezera laimu (150 g / sq m.);
• anamasuka wosanjikiza analimbikitsa ndi lachonde;
• anapanga organic feteleza (8-10 makilogalamu / sq.);
• mzere wodzala ndi wosanjikiza pamwamba pa nthaka.

Wapachaka podryhleniya feteleza ndi ukuwonjezeka nthaka olimapo topsoil.

Wodziwa makamu amtengo laimu pushonka. Kugwiritsa ntchito kasupe m'munda n'zothekanso. Iwo mbali nthaka pang'ono pansi yokumba kuwala, makamaka pa mbewu amene makamaka chowawa kuyankha kwa acidity kuchuluka kwa nthaka: anyezi ndi adyo, letesi, mpiru, tanaposi, radish, kabichi. Ndondomeko mwachita sabata pamaso Thirani ndi seeding.

M'chaka n'kofunika kuti tikhalebe chinyezi nthaka. Kuyamba chithandizo, ngakhale pamene nthaka ndi lonyowa koma n'kudziphatika kwa fosholo, ndipo amatha apasuke mu apezeka ang'onoang'ono.

Pa ntchito ya laimu, pamodzi ndi feteleza

Laimu ufa laimu ingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi feteleza organic. Komabe, zoletsa zina ziyenela kuyan'anidwa bwino nthawi yomweyo:

• Iwo ali osavomerezeka kusakaniza choko, simenti fumbi, laimu, marl, travertine laimu, dolomite;
• ndi feteleza zachilengedwe saloledwa kusakaniza kashiamu yekha organic (pansi miyala ya laimu).

ulamuliro udzu

chitetezo polimbana namsongole ndi pushonka laimu. Ntchito m'munda wa namsongole oyenerera, ngati nthaka kwambiri acidic pa Intaneti. Nthawi zambiri amalima kotero udzu chizindikiro monga matabwa louse. Iye ndi olimbikira kwambiri, kotero kuthana nazo mothandizidwa ndi njira makina (Kupalira) zovuta. njira kulamulira nsikidzi mapiritsi ndi kulenga zinthu kosati udzu. Kuti tichite zimenezi, m'dzinja kukumba dothi ayenera kukhala mu choko, phulusa kapena laimu. Ndi kuchepetsa acidity wa nthaka Multiped kutha.

Ntchito ya laimu (200 g / sq. M) chimawononga namsongole ambiri kuphatikizapo Equisetum ndi wheatgrass.

Pa polimbana wireworm

Wireworm (kachilomboka mphutsi, wireworms) ndi tizilombo yoopsa kwambiri ya ndiwo zamasamba. Kulimbana lili kwa kuphatikiza kuvomerezedwa njira zosiyanasiyana pamodzi zodzitetezera. Ndiyotani pakuchotsa alendo izi zosasangalatsa adzakhala kwambiri kusintha khalidwe la mbewu muzu: Beets, kaloti, Palestina ankalima ndi mbatata. Kunyalanyaza kukhalapo kwake pa malo kungachititse kuti kutayiratu mbewu.

zinthu yabwino kwa kuswana wireworm mphutsi ndi acidity bwino nthaka. Kutsitsa acidity chimachititsa kuti akazi kusiya khalidwe lotere kuikira mazira, ndipo kenako kupulumutsa gawo ili la tizilombo ndi.

Njira yochitira zimenezi ndiyo pushonka laimu. The ntchito m'munda ku wireworm envisages kupanga izo pang'ono (0.5 makilogalamu / sq. M) mu nthaka, kuthirira, kachiwiri kukumba masiku ochepa ndi rewet. Chikalatacho ngati phulusa (a ochepa aliyense bwino).

Ntchito mu horticulture

Pushonka singasiyanitsidwe mu horticulture. Izo ntchito monga deoxidizer pa liming nthaka, ndi whitewashing a mitengo ndi zitsamba.

Amabisa - kothandiza ndiponso yotchipa njira kuteteza mitengo, ku tizirombo.

Spring amabisa mitengo ikuluikulu amateteza ku dzuwa, komanso kudzutsidwa hibernating tizilombo mu nthaka. Mitengo imene pafupipafupi masika ankachitira ndi laimu, si onyamula tizirombo.

wamaluwa ambiri angayeretsere mitengo pamaso yozizira. M'dzinja pug amabisa ndipo amathandiza kuti chitetezero cha mtengo kuchokera lakuthwa kutentha fluctuation. Impact ya mpweya (mvula, matalala) zimapangitsa wosanjikiza amabisa osakwanira kuti adziteteze ku tizilombo ndi dzuwa kutenthedwa, makamaka owopsa kwa mbande wamng'ono. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti amabisa mitengo adakali masika.

Pamaso amabisa zofunika kukonzeketsera tsinde - kuchotsa wosanjikiza chapamwamba yokhudza kotekisi akufa momwe sinuses tingakhale nawo. mphutsi ndi akulu a tizirombo. Makungwa, onetsetsani kuti kuwotcha. Pambuyo pake, mtengo mankhwala ndi yankho okonzeka.

Kodi kupasuka ndi laimu kwa whitewashing?

Bwinobwino kusakaniza zigawo zikuluzikulu:

• dongo (300 g);
• mullein youma (1 kg);
• sulphate mkuwa (200 g);
• laimu (1 kg);
• Madzi (10 L).

Yankho amaloledwa pathupi. N'zotheka kuyamba processing mitengo maola 2-3. Kungakupatseni ubwino ndi zotheka ndi mwambo okhwima Chinsinsi.

Ntchito ya laimu kufwanyulira kwa liming nthaka, komanso kulamulira tizirombo ndi namsongole kumathandiza kupeza apamwamba ndi wolemera yokolola.