Kwambiri ololera phwetekere mitundu kwa zigawo zosiyana za Russia

ndi mitundu kwambiri ololera wa tomato Kodi - funso chidwi cottagers akukhala m'madera mosatsata wachikondi. Iwowo, mwachitsanzo, mu Siberia kapena Moscow kukula ambiri phwetekere ngati yotentha yochepa ndipo si nthawi zonse wochezeka. Pamene nthaka akuyamba konzekera mu May, Willy-nilly, eni maekala 6 akudabwa chimene mitundu yabwino ya tomato zokolola, osati kuteteza zokwanira, koma chakudya chambiri awa ndiwo zamasamba zokoma kungakhale.

Kupatukana ndi zigawo sukulu

Ngakhale mfundo yakuti hybrids ndi mitundu ya phwetekere mu dziko pali masauzande ambiri chaka chilichonse obereketsa zokolola mbewu ndi latsopano kaperekedwe ka khalidwe. Panopa, pali mitundu, mwapadera kwa zigawo zosiyana za dzikoli. Ngati m'mbuyomo yokolola kulimbana, koma tsopano zokwanira kukatenga abwino kwa yeniyeni nyengo ndi khalidwe nthaka kalasi kuti chifukwa chachikulu.

Mwachitsanzo, pali mitundu kwambiri wololera Siberia ndi Moscow, ndi Urals ndi madera kum'mwera kwa dzikoli.

Panopa cottager akugula mbewu ndi yabwino osati kwa nyengo kumene amakhala - amaganizira kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa ulimi wothirira, mochedwa chisanu kapena chinyezi.

Kodi kukula tomato mu dela la mzinda?

Chilimwe m'dera lino ndi otentha zokwanira, koma kuti mu September ndi frosts woyamba nzotheka, angathe mutu wokhala aliyense chilimwe. Low kutentha kuwonjezera mwayi wa kukhala ndi tchire matenda tomato, inde ndipo zikuoneka kuti ozizira sanapereke chipatso kuti zipse.

Choncho, muyenera kusankha bwino ololera mitundu ya tomato kwa Moscow kutsegula nthaka oyambirira kapena pakati yakucha, ndi chitetezo zina ndi matenda.

Kodi chofunika chifukwa chodzala mu nthaka lotseguka pafupi Moscow?

• Tempering mbewu kapena mbande wamkulu pasadakhale. Lifunika kutetezedwa nyengo zotheka ozizira, pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo chophimba.
• Nthawi kutsina tchire ndipo musaike iwo kwambiri thickly.
• Ngati dzinja lili mvula, chiyenera kuchitidwa njira kupopera wa tomato njira Phytophthora.
• Panthawi yake kuvala ndi chisanadze umuna mabowo kulola tomato kuti zipse msanga.

Pamene iwo amati wamaluwa wolimbikira ntchito, tomato bwino ololera mitundu ndi anthu amene ankafuna kusamaliridwa nthawi zonse.

Zofunika: chitukuko zonse za tchire phwetekere ayenera asafe pa kukula ndi phosphorous pamaso maluwa. The ndende ya fetereza zimatengera mtundu wa dothi ndi feteleza ake ndi yophukira abwezeretsedwa.

Ngati organics adalowa, kasupe akhoza zidzaperekedwa ndi feteleza asafe. Pankhaniyi, amaika chomera chakudya monga oipa monga sanamwe. Kuyambira tomato fetereza wolemera mu zobiriwira ndi kuyamika kwa amadyera amphamvu, koma maluwa akhoza kuimitsa kaye zimene zimakhudza zokolola.

Popeza Moscow dera yodziwika ndi nthaka acidic, ndi wamaluwa odziwa amavomereza kuwonjezera izo choko kapena phulusa pa mlingo wa galasi pa 1 mita ² pa yophukira kukumba m'munda.

Mkulu-ololera mitundu kwa dela la mzinda

Popeza dera amafunika tomato kapena wamkulu kapena pakati-oyambirira, zokonda ayenera kuperekedwa tchire stam. tomato kudera Moscow mitundu kwambiri ololera ali motere:

• Madzi oundana - oyambirira kukhwima zosiyanasiyana, amadziwika zipatso zake zazikulu. Tomato ndi acidity otsika woyenera mitundu yonse ya workpieces. Chikutitsimikizira mitundu oyambirira-kukhwima kwa penguin, Snowdrop, upstart, Moskvich, Snow Mfumukazi ndi ena. Onse yodziwika ndi mkulu zipatso ndi zipatso wokongola ndi khungu lakuda.
• Ngati chilimwe wokhala si nthawi zonse ntchito pa malo anu, ndiye izo zigwirizane kwambiri phwetekere ololera mitundu (wamaluwa ndemanga zimasonyeza kuti alidi zotheka), musati amafuna pasynkovaniya. Mwachitsanzo, Federico zosiyanasiyana akukondedwa ndi tchuthi ambiri, chifukwa ndi kuphweka changwiro cha chisamaliro lili wambirimbiri zipatso kukolola Magulu zidutswa 4-5. Kulemera lalikulu wotereyu 1 makilogalamu kapena kuposa. Tomato mu kalasi ndi zamkati minofu ndi lalanje peel yokutidwa ndi mitsempha Kamaoneka.
• Yaikulu zipatso amadziwika mitundu ngati kapezi Giant, Spasskaya Tower, Big M'bale. Awa ndi mitundu kwambiri ololera wa tomato saladi.

• Pakati pakati-phwetekere mitundu akhoza kuika chizindikiro chabwino kwa zokolola amphamvu nati osokoneza, pagodas ndi lapwings.

Monga mchitidwe limasonyeza, ndi odalirika kwambiri mu dela la mzinda kudzala mitundu wosakanizidwa wa tomato, monga iwo ndi zambiri kugonjetsedwa ndi matenda ndi nyengo zimasintha, kupereka mkulu zokolola ndi osiyana zokoma zipatso lalikulu. Ngati nthawi ingapezeke, ndipo akufuna kuti chisokonezo padziko m'deralo, mitundu ikuluikulu komanso mizu m'chigawochi.

tomato zokolola kwa greenhouses Moscow

zinthu kutentha zikuoneka kukhala oyenera mitundu yonse ya tomato, koma dziko lonse zodabwitsa obereketsa kawetedwe mitundu yatsopano ya masamba izi chokoma. Pakali pano, wotchuka kwambiri mbewu phwetekere (zabwino ololera mitundu) kwa greenhouses, amene amapulumutsa danga. Izi indeterminanty otchedwa yodziwika ndi kukula amphamvu.

Malinga ndi zimene mtundu wa khalidwe ayenera tomato kwa greenhouses, iwo anawagawa:

• Tomato, amene mwakula zogulitsa kwawo zambiri. Pankhaniyi, chofunika zipatso ndi kuzikonzanso khalidwe kusunga ndi kukana kwa kayendedwe. Nthawi zambiri, eni greenhouses amakonda chisanu, Perseus, ndipo Viscount nsanja.
• Monga ulamuliro, mitundu oyambirira amasankhidwa chifukwa greenhouses kungokhala monga iwo zipse nsanga kuposa awo wamtali "asuweni." Parrot, Ivanhoe ndi mnzako monga choncho.
• Kwambiri ololera zosiyanasiyana phwetekere kwa kutentha ndi polycarbonate kutentha - mlimi, dolphin, Etude, wothamanga, Overture. Ngati inu kusankha zomera mkulu kalasi, n'koyenera ndithu wokoma gulu, wophuka 2 m. Maonekedwe ake ndi mapangidwe masango tomato ambiri masekeli mpaka magalamu 40 aliyense. zipatso amenewa kungakhale 50 mayunitsi pa nthambi chomwecho. zosiyanasiyana uyu wa precocious, kuyambira patapita masiku 85 tchire, mukhoza kukolola.

Malinga ndi nthaŵi yaitali mchitidwe chodzala tomato mu dela la mzinda, ambiri a mitundu kutentha zingabzalidwe njira yotseguka.

Tomato pa dziko Siberia

Monga ulamuliro, Siberia anthu ochepa kugwirizana ndi kulima tomato, makamaka kutchire. Nkhanza m'deralo nyengo, zomwe mungathe "chonde" osakhalitsa frosts pansi digiri -60. Komabe, chilimwe ndi apa, ngakhale, ndipo kenako ofunda zokwanira. nthawi iyi yokwanira nthawi kudzala, kukhala ndi kuchotsa mbewu ya tomato chokoma.

Makamaka truckers m'dera zabwino ololera mitundu ya tomato yapangidwa kwa Siberia. Cholinga chachikulu anapereka obereketsa wa - ndiko Kulenga kwa hybrids kuti akhoza kupirira chisanu pang'ono ndi kusintha mwadzidzidzi nyengo.

The mitundu yabwino Siberia

Chifukwa chodzala poyera Siberia oipa nthaka yabwino kwambiri oyambirira-kukhwima mitundu amene mbewu pasanathe masiku 90-100. Childs, izi zitsamba otsika kuti ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi ozizira. Mwatsoka, si nthawi zonse kuima chitsutsire matenda. wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa anthu ndi:

• Kopitilira muyeso-kudya - zosiyanasiyana kuti mosavuta chimatsutsana vagaries iliyonse ya nyengo m'deralo. inflorescence imodzi mwa mitundu amapereka kwa tomato 8.
• Siberia woposa onse - zosiyanasiyana, dzina lake chifukwa zipatso zake, masekeli mpaka magalamu 600. Zosiyanasiyana ndi pakati yakucha atatha masiku 105, si mantha nyengo yozizira ndi tomato wotchuka mtima woboola pakati.

• Okwezeka zitsamba tomato, wamaluwa amakonda Abakanskoye pinki, wophuka kuti mamita 1.5 kapena kuposa. Mwini wa mosabisa, zipatso anamaliza ayenera akhale atamangidwa ku thandizo, koma si mantha kusintha kutentha.

Mu truckers Siberia ndi zobisika zawo pa kukula tomato mu panja kum'mwera. The vuto lalikulu la alimi wosakwiya nthaka n'kumawotha pambuyo yozizira. Mofulumira, ndi zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito njira mphamvu-tima Mwachitsanzo, munthu akalowa chitoliro ndi madzi otentha kapena wapadera Kutentha chingwe.

Free njira - bungwe la n'chodabwitsa ukala lapansi mpaka masentimita 15 kutalika. Iwo ofunda monga dzuwa woyamba, ndi mpaka tomato mudzayamba mizu yake, ndi onse a dziko lapansi kukhala ofunda.

Wowonjezera kutentha tomato mu Siberia

Njira ina Musaope frosts kasupe - kukula tomato mu greenhouses. Childs, izi zachitika ntchito pamalo ochepa chifukwa savuta ndi mtengo kutentha. Mwina n'chifukwa chake pali otchuka osati mbewu zonse phwetekere. Kwambiri ololera mitundu kwa greenhouses - ndi amene zatenga malo aang'ono, kupereka zipatso zazikulu.

• Mkulu tchire akunja kufika mamita 1,9 mu msinkhu, kotero abwino greenhouses ndi Kutentha osauka. Ali ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe zipatso, kulawa sweetish, iwo nthawi zonse cylindrical mawonekedwe ndi mapeto pa mapeto a "mphuno". Kulemera tomato 80-90 ga, iwo ali oyenera kuteteza, ndi Mavalidwe saladi.

• Barao de A - wina "chimphona", kukondweretsa alimi zipatso zokoma masekeli 60, iwo akhoza kukhala a mitundu yosiyanasiyana (kuchokera pinki kuti wakuda), ndipo ndi yaitali alumali moyo. Fotokozani mtundu chilengedwe cha phwetekere.
• Oyambirira kukhwima ndi mkulu-ololera phwetekere chotchuka kwambiri Altai oyambirira hothouse zosiyanasiyana. zipatso zake ndi adzakhale flattened, ndi yowutsa mudyo minofu zamkati bwino ndithu ndi kusunga ndi miyezi yosakwana 3.

Sayansi ya kulima phwetekere mu ndi greenhouses Siberia si wosiyana kwambiri m'madera ena. Kupatula Kutentha ayenera ndalama mphamvu zambiri.

Tomato mu Urals ndi

Nyengo m'dera limeneli si kuchereza kum'mwera tomato, kupereka mphukira wochezeka pamene nthaka alikuwotha moto mpaka madigiri 11 kapena kuposa. Kodi kukhala cottagers tikukhala mu dera Ural, kumene m'chilimwe ndi waufupi ndi ozizira? chimodzi chokha njira: kuika mwapadera adalenga mitundu kwambiri ololera wa tomato kwa Urals lapansi.

Ngati ukufuna kumenya kufesa mbewu mu nthaka lotseguka, n'zotheka kutsatira njira zomwezo zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu a Siberia:

• Chongopeka kutenthetsa nthaka ndi feteleza ndi mabedi chochuluka.
• Muyike kutchinjiriza mbewu Mwachitsanzo, wakuda filimu.
• Kukula mbande amphamvu.
• Ntchito zosiyanasiyana kwambiri ololera wa tomato ndi pakati-oyambirira kukhwima mitundu.
• Kukula tomato mu greenhouses.

Zimenezi tatsimikiza kusangalatsa mbewu yaikulu ya tomato zokoma.

Ural kalasi

Short chilimwe amafunika kudya yakucha, ndipo si chabe phwetekere. Kwa masamba kum'mwera inali yabwino mu nyengo wankhanza wa Urals, ayenera kusankha mitundu amene kugonjetsedwa ndi ozizira ndi matenda. Pakati wamaluwa amenewa amasankha:

• Mitundu saladi - ng'ombe mtima, kwambiri adamfunsa chifukwa cha kukula ndi mawonekedwe zachilendo zipatso zake. Izi si mkulu, mpaka masentimita 170, kufalitsa chitsamba tomato lalikulu minofu ya mtundu ofiira kapena pinki.
• masiku 100 Monga mukhoza kupeza mbewu kumayambiriro kwa-kukhwima mitundu Ndalama. Dzina anapatsidwa mtundu wa uniformly ozungulira mawonekedwe chikasu zipatso. Tomato mu mitundu amasiyana kukoma pang'ono wokoma. Zabwino zonse yaiwisi ndi zam'chitini mawonekedwe.

• Ngati mukufuna kulandira zipatso kucha akhoza kubzala mbewu za wosakanizidwa wa yodziŵiratu zinthu pasadakhale F1. Tomato mu kalasi kulemera avareji 100 ga, ali mosalekeza, ndi burashi 8 kuti zipse zipatso.
• obereketsa ambiri tcheru ku chitukuko cha mitundu timakonda mu greenhouses ndi malo. Mwachitsanzo, mabatani - otsika Kripen'ka tchire ndi laling'ono lofiira tomato yowutsa mudyo oyenera pickling, kupulumutsa saladi.

Kusamalira tomato pa lalifupi yotentha ya Urals ndi losavuta: yake kuthirira, pasynkovanie, kuvala ndi fetereza - ndizo zonse muyenera mitundu samuopa nyengo ndi matenda ozizira.

The mitundu yabwino greenhouses Urals

Sayansi ya kukula tomato mu greenhouses mu ozizira nyengo yaitali sikutanthauza nzeru yapadera ya munda wa. Ngati chipinda ndi kutentha mokwanira ndi kuwala, mukhoza kusankha mitundu iliyonse hothouse, ngakhale kumapeto, lero anthu ambiri amakonda kugwiritsa ntchito wamtali ndi wamphamvu oyambirira-kukhwima mitundu ya tchire phwetekere. Monga ulamuliro, iwo mkulu zokolola, zipatso zosiyanasiyana chokoma katundu konsekonse.

Popeza palibe chisanu mu Urals miyezi 2-2.5 chabe, kukula tomato mu wowonjezera kutentha - zochitika otchuka pakati alimi a kumeneko. The mitundu otchuka ambiri a iwo:

• Neva - mtundu wa tomato, chimene chimafuna Kutentha mpweya digiri +18 pa nyengo kukula. Nthawi zina n'zosavuta kulekerera kutentha alili, si mantha matenda ndi kupereka kukolola mu masiku 100 basi. Izi kutalika mwana wa masentimita 25 amapereka makilogalamu oposa 12 zipatso pa chitsamba.
• Amene mukufuna chimphona zomera ufumu, kuti kukoma ndi mtundu wa phwetekere zosiyanasiyana De Barao achifumu tchire lachikasu lomwe kukula kwa 3 mamita wamtali. zipatso zake zasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali, chokoma ndi mosalekeza.
• Kodi mbewu zina yabwino phwetekere (yabwino ololera mitundu) mu 2017? Amaona zosiyanasiyana zabwino ndi chikondi dzina chikondi changa F1. pang'ono elongated zipatso wofiira mtundu wake waukulu yowutsa mudyo kwambiri ndi chonunkhira. Zophatikiza amatanthauza mtundu chilengedwe cha kucha mitundu (kukhwima mu masiku 85 okha), sipangakhalenso chakula greenhouses, greenhouses ndi pansi lotseguka.

Kufotokoza, tikhoza kunena kuti ngati mukufuna tomato chakula mavuto a Siberia ndi Urals, ndipo mu nyengo kusintha kwa dera Moscow. Obereketsa ndayesera kulenga phwetekere mitundu oyenera dothi m'madera amenewa, kotero ndi ofunika kugula amakonda ndiponso kukula munthu kum'mwera masamba mbewu mabedi awo.