Kutalika kwa "Mama" (chosema). Mbiri ya chipilala cha

The Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, zikuoneka, sizidzaiwalika. ovuta kunapatsidwa ife chigonjetso. Mu mzinda uliwonse kumeneko, kapena lalikulu, kapena m'mapaki kumene ngwazi ake anaika zipilala.

A mayi ndi lupanga

Pa wotchuka Mamayev Hill (Volgograd), ndi gulu loyimba lonse. Iwo ali odzipereka kwa amene anapambana nkhondo ya Stalingrad. Maganizo ndi compositional likulu la nyumba lalikulu - chosema, amene amadziwika pa dziko lonse lapansi. umatchedwa "The Mama wacemera!" Komabe, sikuti aliyense amadziwa kuti si yokha wodziimira ndi mbali ya triptych, koma chapakati.

Gawo lachiwiri la zovuta za - zikuchokera "The kumbuyo - m'mphepete". Linapangidwa ndi waima Magnitogorsk. Chimaonekera monga ntchito manja wankhondo lupanga. A linapanga izo basi mu Urals. Ndipo yomalizira gulu loyimba wonse ndi chipilala odziwika - ". Wankhondo-mpulumutsi" Location - Berlin.

apamwamba

Ambiri amachita chidwi ndi kutalika kwa fano "Mama The" mu Volgograd. Yankho: mamita 85, ndi kukula kwa akazi - 52 mamita Kunenepa Miyambo - tonnes 8000 .. lupanga kutalika - 3300 masentimita ndipo zimalemera zosachepera 14 000 makilogalamu. Izi ndi njira "pasipoti" magawo mankhwala apadera.

Mu chaka cha akamaliza chosema anali padziko lonse lapansi. Iye anabweretsa Guinness Book of Records. Yerekezerani: Chosemedwa cha Ufulu mamita 46 waima pa pedestal, ndipo kukula kwa Khristu (Muomboli) - 38. yekha Today kuganizira mmene wamtali ndi "Mama", akatswiri anamutenga 11 TH malo mu mndandanda wa zipilala apamwamba mu dziko.

Zinali kalekale

Kumangidwa kwa chikumbukiro anapereka n'lofunika. Ife kuganizira zonse. Ndiponso kuti, kodi "Mama," kutalika kwa fanolo. Si ndalama, kapena zipangizo zambiri zamakono nyumbayi. Tinaitana ndi amisiri bwino. Chinthu chachikulu apa anali Evgeniy Vuchetich - Chithunzi Anthu a USSR, msirikali wakale wa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse. Iye adadzipereka kale chipilala zodabwitsa asilikali a Army Soviet (zaka khumi zapitazo), amene chokongoletsedwa ndi Berlin Treptow Park. Komanso, ntchito yake - "malupanga kukhala zolimira". Chosema imakongoletsa kutsogolo kwa nyumba UN ku New York.

Chief zomangamanga gulu kuzindikiridwa Nikolai Nikitin - Professor wamanga ndi dokotala wa sayansi ndi luso. Mu 50s iye anapangira nyumba ya Moscow State University. Mtsogolo, izo mlandu ntchito pa Ostankino TV nsanja. Tsopano kuwerengetsera zofunika cha kapangidwe wapadera. Pa izi kutalika chikumbutso superlarge. "Mama" Volgograd ayenera kukhala angwiro.

Malangizo kwa mfundo lankhondo la view anatenga Vasily Chuikov - kulamulira. Kutsogolo kwake, dzina "Commander-mkuntho". Zinali iye amene adalamulira 62 TH Army, lomwe kudzipereka kwa mdani Mamaev Kurgan. Pa chitetezo cha Stalingrad, Chuikov anabwera ndi magulu wapadera kumenya. Kenako anathyola m'nyumba kudutsa iwo kudzera zofunikira pa mobisa. The Germany sakanati ngakhale kuitcha kumene nkhonyayo anagwa.

Nkhondo itatha, polimbana kupereka ntchito yake pa chipilala choyambirira: analola (pa pempho lake) kuti anakwiriridwa Mamayev Hill, pafupi ndi asilikali 34505 amene anafa poteteza Stalingrad. Mu 1982, ndipo ambiri a mtsogoleri wawo anaikidwa m'manda pafupi ndi "Mama".

Mapulani ndi zomangamanga gulu analenga chithunzi cha mkazi (kutalika kwa fanolo "The Mama", monga tanena kale, - 85 mamita), zomwe zimapangitsa wopupuluma, sitepe amphamvu patsogolo. Mu dzanja lake - lupanga anakweza ndi Aisiraeli. Ndi zophiphiritsa: dziko akuitanira anthu kuti nkhondo ndi mdani.

kalekalezi wa ziboliboli

Ndipo, ine ndikudabwa, ndiye anafunsa kuti yosema ziboliboli? Asiya uphungu - Valentin Izotov - anapeza mwangozi. Tsopano iye pensioner, wokhala wa Volgograd. Ndipo pamene iye anali zaka 26. Iye ankagwira ntchito yoperekera zakudya mu malo odyera. Pali anaona wothandizira Vucetic komanso ziboliboli L. Maystrenko. Iye ankakonda okhwima kwambiri nkhope, ndi masewera chithunzi Izotova, cholinga chake ndikuona. Candidacy naye.

Pa ntchito pa Valentina panatenga zaka ziwiri. Mulimonse mmene zinakhalira, ndondomeko kulenga - nkhani zovuta. Makamaka poganizira zimene ndi kutalika zosaneneka za chosema lapansi. "Mama" mu Volgograd ndi zoona wabweza kutchuka. Kuchokera kulikonse kubwera kudzamuona kupereka msonkho kwa zokometsera a dziko. Usiku chipilala (kutalika "Mama" kwenikweni chodabwitsa) imagwera kuwala kwa searchlights amphamvu, ndi kuganiza ndi kukhala wamphamvu.

Chidwi Ndipotu. Pamene anaima kupanga mbendera ndi odula manja (Volgograd Region), tinaganiza kuti tikhazikitse ndi okoma. malingaliro ena ndipo sindinakhala. Ndipo pa German Democratic Republic wotumizira sitampu inakhazikitsa mu 1983, ndi chifaniziro chake.

ntchito yovuta

Pamene ife chizipita kumalo awa, inu mukumvetsa tanthauzo la nkhondo. miyezi yoposa anayi (kapena zambiri ndendende, masiku 140) anali wamagazi, nkhondo aakulu kwambiri mfundo imodzi yokha - kutalika kwa chiwerengero 102. Ndipo chidutswa chirichonse cha dziko lino akadali zoopsa. Ngakhale wadutsa zaka zoposa 70 kuyambira pali akatemera ndi volleys, ndi anthu pa phiri lero ndi kupeza zipolopolo kuti sanali zoopsa. N'chifukwa chake gawo anasankha kupitirizabe ungwazi wa anthu.

Kumanga zachilendo chipilala (kutalika "Mama" ioneka) inayamba mu 1959, m'chaka. Anamaliza mu chaka cha 1967. Kuti patha zaka eyiti ntchito chinkachitika. Choyamba - kuika maziko a konkire. Ikani pamwamba bokosi m'munsi. Kumathandiza akuyembekezeka zoika mwala pedestal. Koma zimangosonyeza ya mlembi wamkulu Khrushchev, nawatsanulira pamwamba pa matani 150 zikwi lapansi ngakhale cholinga zina kulimbikitsa maziko. Choncho, pamwamba pa mulu wa kunja lero.

Pansi chosema ndi (kutalika "Mama" n'zodabwitsa) wandiweyani (theka mita) mbale ndipo ali maziko a mamita 16.

yafupika Kamangidwe

Pamene anali kukhota chithunzi cha mkazi, inu kuponyera pano pa phiri. Koma mwinamwake, ngati kutalika kwa fano "The Mama" mu Volgograd ndi wamkulu kwambiri! Koma wocheperako (ndendende khumi kuchulukitsa) Kamangidwe anali ataima chapafupi. Ndipo pang'onopang'ono, kuyang'ana pa osindikizira a, anatsanulira gawo kwa gawo. Ndipo anasonkhana "mkazi." Makina ndi katundu kunabwera pano padziko koloko. Zonse zikuchitika efficiently kwambiri. Konkire, Mwachitsanzo, chimodzimodzi monga mmene yakhala allocated kwa Volga opangira magetsi. Ndipo fillers kwa izo, nawonso, anasankhidwa mosamala kwambiri.

Koma apa chithunzi lonse ndi wokonzeka. Anatenga mutu wake. Komabe, anaponyedwa payokha. Ndipo anakweza ndi ndege. Apo ayi, n'zosatheka kuchita. Kutalika kwa "Mama" sikuloledwa.

Ambiri ntchito ndi lupanga. Choyamba unapangidwa zosapanga dzimbiri, mchimake zidutswa amphamvu (zopangidwa titaniyamu). Komabe, mphepo izo linagwedezeka kwambiri chinapokosera. N'chifukwa chake mu 1972 izo anachotsa chida ndi kuyika dongosolo lina chitsulo.

kubwezeretsa

Remediation ntchito ikuchitika mu 1972 ndipo mu 1986. Zaka zisanu zapitazo, ife tikugwira kuonetsetsa chitetezo chake. Ndipotu, kutalika kwa chipilala cha "Mama The" Volgograd silinena yabwino. Ndi yaikulu! Koma ndi kusintha chilichonse nthawi, ukalamba imafoola. Ndipo zimenezi ngakhale kuti makulidwe a malinga konkire chipilala -. 25-30 masentimita Mkati, izo wapangidwa lalikulu maselo payekha. chimango ndi palokha zovuta, komabe nkusunga zingwe 119 kuchokera cholimba zitsulo. Ndipo zonse akukumana ndi mavuto wamphamvu.

Lolemera lupanga ndi iye amazipanga chachikulu kukula kwa mphepo swaying. Ndipo apo, pamene iye anali zaikidwa m'manja mwa mkaziyo, ananyamuka pereizbytochnoe voteji. Kamangidwe ka lupanga ndi olumala ndi nthawi. Chotero kodi ntchito ndi kuthetsa vutolo.

Wopanda pansi

Popeza kutalika kwa "Mama" ndi wamkulu, ndipo ayenera amatchulidwa nthaka dongo, lomwe pang'ono ndi pang'ono kutsetsereka pansi kwa Volga, akatswiri ochititsa Alamu. Ndipotu, fano akhoza kugwa. Iye kale pa 214 mm. Ndipo ndi pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya kuwerengetsera kololeka koyamba. Koma akatswiri amanena mphamvu anakonza sichinayambe wotopa.

Pakati ntchito iyi kukana 272 mm. Ndipo maziko ake ndi pang'ono olumala. Chinachake basi malamulo anatenga 90 okha mm. Pambuyo pa kubwezeretsedwa wina wa chipilala kuti asamathe nthawi yaitali.