Kusaka katiriji. makatiriji nyama likungosonyeza 12

Kusaka katiriji chosiyana ndi kumenyana pa kusiyana choti wokondwa chipolopolo ndi imfa. Ngakhale mfuti kuyambira m'ma chakhumi ndi chinayi, nthawi yayitali zida zankhondo pafupifupi palibe wosiyana kusaka. Ndi kukula kusiyana manja anayamba kutchulidwa: zomangamanga, potseka kachitidwe, makungwa, mphamvu zowononga ndi osiyanasiyana kulephera cholinga.

katiriji

Kumayambiriro kwa katiriji firearm anafanana ndi "mlengi", amene ayenera mofulumira kuti okhwima 'kusonkhanitsa' nkhondo, ndi nthawi kuwombera kuchokera pamaso mdani wanu. Payokha, ufa unatsanuliridwa mu mbiya, ndiye anakankha mmbuyo chipolopolo, ndiye akayaka chingwe, ndipo potsiriza kuwombera adawomba.

Sam katiriji limanenedwa ngati zida kwa manja yaing'ono, wapatsidwa mu sitepe imodzi. Mawu akuti "unitary" zikutanthauza kuti munition ndi kudzanja amanyamula projectile yake (chipolopolo canister, kachigawo), kuchuluka kwa ufa ndi kapisolo (igniter mchitidwe). The yamanga akhoza kukhala ziwalo zina mwa mawonekedwe a chidebe (likulu), mmene kachigawo ali odzaza kapena canister.

12 likungosonyeza katiriji

Ngakhale zosiyanasiyana chapadera cha zida kusaka, ndi zipolopolo ambiri kwa iwo, ndi kusaka makatiriji wa calibres 12. chithunzi Izi zikutanthauza kuti chidutswa cha kutsogolera masekeli paundi imodzi zipolopolo khumi angathe kupanga.

Popularity mosavuta anafotokoza, ali mosalekeza ndi oyenera kusaka:

• waterfowl - atsekwe, bakha,
• nkhalango masewera - wakuda grouse, capercaillie, ptarmigan, grouse;
• nyama zing'onozing'ono - nkhandweyo, kalulu;
• pakati - Boar zakutchire, nkhandwe, gwape.

n'zotsimikizira ichi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi masewera.

mitundu ya makatiriji

makatiriji a likungosonyeza 12 kusaka ogaŵikana mitundu yambiri malingana makhalidwe zotsatirazi:

1. Nkhani imene zapamadzi:

• zitsulo;
• pepala;
• pulasitiki.

2. Malinga ndi mtundu wa ufa:

• wautsi;
• opanda utsi.

3. Lamulira mtundu:

• buckshot;
• nusu;
• chipolopolo.

Komanso, pali kusiyana ndi pamene kachigawo, izo zikhoza zopangidwa ndi zitsulo kapena patsogolo. Kusaka katiriji ndi muyezo kapena kumatheka ufa mlandu. Pakuti mtundu uliwonse wa kusaka amasankhidwa inayake zida.

An chizindikiro zofunika kwa munition adzakhala wamanja kutalika. Apanso, ali zina zabwino zake aliyense asilikaliwo kuti:

• 12 n'zotsimikizira shotshell, malaya kutalika: 65 mm, 70 mm, 76 mm, 89 mm. Ntchito mfuti kwa kusaka waterfowl, masewera nkhalango, sing'anga ndi nyama zina zing'onozing'ono.
• makatiriji Grapeshot likungosonyeza 12, malaya kutalika: 65 mm, 70 mm, 76 mm. Ntchito mfuti kwa kusaka sing'anga-kakulidwe nyama.
• 12 likungosonyeza zipolopolo Chipolopolo, malaya kutalika: 65 mm, 70 mm, 76 mm. Ntchito mfuti kwa kusaka nyama zikuluzikulu.

Buckshot kachigawo ndipo zikuwoneka zofanana kwambiri ndi mzake ndipo yopangidwa ndi zisulo ofanana. Chachikulu kusiyana kukula. Nusu otchedwa yaing'ono mipira ndi awiri a 1.5 mamilimita 5 mm, chilichonse chokulirapo, wotchedwa canister. Mkulu pellets khalidwe ndi limagwirizana mu mawonekedwe a - dera zonse, palibe voids mkati. Gawo kachigawo m'gulu ake 16 miyeso (mu Russian). Laling'ono - 1,25 mm m'mimba mwake, ali chipinda 12, lalikulu - 5,00 mm, nambala yake 0000. Aliyense chiwerengero wotsatira kumatanthauza kusintha m'mimba mwake kukula tuzigawo twa kuti 0,25 mm.

Makatiriji kwa kusaka zida ndi buckshot ntchito yaikulu ndi sing'anga kukula masewera. Bakuman canister ankaimira nusu lalikulu ndi diameters ku 5,25 mamilimita kuti 10,00 mm.

Kusankha makatiriji

Malinga anasankha masewera mtundu kusaka chipolopolo:

• Kusaka makatiriji mfuti. Ntchito zowonjezera kachigawo ndi awiri kuchokera 1.5 mamilimita 5 mm. Pakuti kusaka waterfowl, masewera nkhalango.
• Grapeshot zipolopolo. Ntchito mlandu canister (zikuluzikulu kachigawo) ndi m'mimba mwake wamkulu kuposa 5 mm. Nyama pa sing'anga-kakulidwe chirombo.
• makatiriji chipolopolo. Bullets ntchito mitundu ingapo: arrow mchira stabilizer, kuzungulira, chopangira mphamvu (chifukwa yomanga chimadza mpweya mtsinje ake ntchito), mfundo-chopangira mphamvu. Big masewera. Izi si mndandanda wa zipolopolo opangidwa mu dziko, sikutheka molondola kulengeseka. Pali wamba lonse dongosolo zipolopolo maina zamasewera ndi kusaka zida. A wapadera chosavuta chidule. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti dzina limasonyeza mtundu wa chipolopolo ndi kapangidwe ake. Mwachitsanzo, zilembo pa «FMJ» chipolopolo limasonyeza kuti projectile ali ndi chipolopolo onse zitsulo. Mtundu ntchito masewera ndi kusaka.

Olemba amathandiza kusankha zida yoyenera kusaka zida. A lolembedwa mwachidule imatiuza magawo yakuti: cholinga (kusaka), n'zotsimikizira kukula, mtundu wa onga, chiwerengero anawomberedwa, utali wamanja.

likungosonyeza

Pali matanthauzo awiri a likungosonyeza kuti:

• m'mimba mwake wa chipolopolo ndi;
• mtengo wa njira awiri a chida mbiya.

Calibers wa makatiriji kusaka numerically lifanane ndi mbiya ya mfuti njira. Ndipo likungosonyeza smoothbore ndi zida rifled ndi kulemba kusiyana pang'ono.

Bakuman calibrated ngakhale inteja: 4, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36. The wotchuka kwambiri mu dziko amaonedwa gauges 12, 16, 20, 28, 32 ndi 36. Choncho, anatchula yolimbanirana ndi iye - kusaka zida 16 likungosonyeza. panopa mmene anawasiyanitsira Izi zimapangitsa kukhala yofewa kunyamula zida zida zankhondo.

Likungosonyeza mfuti anatsimikiza zana yapafupi ya millimeter a. Mu mayiko Chingelezi amakhulupirira mainchesi. Mwachitsanzo 7,62 mamilimita kapena 5.6 mm. Mofananamo, yemweyo likungosonyeza zipolopolo - makatiriji kusaka 7,62. Awiri zipolopolo mfuti ayenera zogwirizana ndi awiri a thunthu. Ndiye chipolopolo amatenga rotational kuyenda.

Kuyambira kukula zovuta kuvuta, koma ndi masankhidwe a zipolopolo ndi kukhala wosamala. Olemba Chingelezi amafuna kudziwa zina. Chisankho zimatengera pa mlandu kopita, tiyenera kukhala molondola kwambiri pa osiyanasiyana pazipita kapena pazipita wotseka mphamvu, umene kupangidwa masewera mlenje - yaing'ono kapena yaikulu. Chodetsa kukuuzani njira yabwino.

Zipolopolo masewera

Kusaka, masewera ndi makatiriji kusaka amasiyana nkhondowo kusowa zipolopolo olimba zitsulo pachimake. Ntchito yaikulu ya zida zotere - kugunda cholinga, amene alibe bulandi zozitetezera. Kulimbana chipolopolo kudzera angaŵile masewera chachikulu kuti akhoza ricochet ku mwala kapena mtengo, ndi woopsa kwambiri ndipo sizimadziwika kuti ntchito kusaka.

Pezani magawo mwatsatanetsatane zimenezi kusiyana pakati nkhondowo ndi kusaka kapena masewera kosaka yolimbanirana ndi kovuta. A nambala yaikulu ya zida, zolinga zosiyana, koma ofanana mu maonekedwe ake kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti mfuti kusaka ungagwiritsidwe ndi moyo zipolopolo.

Zamasewera ndipo kusaka mfuti pafupifupi ofanana. kusiyana ndi kuti masewera apadera kwambiri: ali kulemera koposa, ali ndi chogwirira omasuka ndi bokosi yakucemerwa, makatiriji kwa kuwombera 12 likungosonyeza. Mu mfuti kusaka malo a ntchito ndi penapake zambiri.

Nawuza makatiriji ndi

Ikulu assortment wa zida amalola kukwaniritsa pafupifupi onse zosowa za alenje ndi sportsmen. kusankha limapereka wosaka sitolo. Makatiriji ziperekedwa monga zipolopolo, ndi canister kapena kachigawo. A drawback kwambiri mankhwala otere adatchithisira ufa misa ndi kuchuluka kulemera nusu.

Kunyumba mlandu zipolopolo umachitika kwa zifukwa ziwiri:

• Choyamba, ndi mtengo kwambiri pogula okonzeka zopangidwa malonda;
• Kachiwiri, kupanga Buku kumathandiza pambali kwambiri bwino mfuti nkhondo.

osaka nyama ambiri, makamaka zambiri, amakonda kupanga zida zawo. Sales ndi zosakaniza zonse zofunika kutulutsa kusaka katiriji:

• Makapisozi. Zikupezeka mitundu iwiri: pakuti m'nyumba ndi panja opanda utsi ufa ufa wakuda. Alumali moyo - zaka 3 mpaka 6, koma ngati chidebe yosungirako wakhala losindikizidwa, makapisozi a kusunga khalidwe lawo kwa zaka 10.
• Onga. Pakuti n'zimene mamba ntchito, ndi kulolerana - zosaposa magalamu 0,05. Malinga katiriji ndi mfuti mtundu amusankha mawonekedwe ufa. Kulakwitsa yotentha ndi oyamba ambiri ndi iwo akukhulupirira kuti ufa zambiri kutsanulira mu katiriji, ndi aluso adzakhala kuwombera. zotsatira zotheka kwa "busting" wa ufa - mbiya kusiyana, wamphamvu angadzachite, kuchepetsa molondola. Pa magombe a onga kwa 12 n'zotsimikizira limasonyeza Mgwirizano pazipita.
• Wads. Malinga ndi malamulo, kutalika wad sangakhale oposa kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za m'mimba mwake ndi. Zinthu zimene anapanga wad angakhale osiyana: anamva, pulasitiki, pepala, zikatoni, zikopa, hemp. Ndi cylindrical chubu, cholinga chimene - kupatukana ufa kwa zipolopolo kapena shrapnel ting'onoting'ono.
• Kuwombera, zipolopolo, buckshot. Aliyense milandu akhoza anaikapo mu kusaka zida. 12 zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zipolopolo yoyenera likungosonyeza, ndi wads awiri - chachikulu ndi kutambasuka. Iwo anayikidwa mu njira monga kusiya mpata wa 5 mm chifukwa anagubuduza. Mu makatiriji nyama likungosonyeza 12 ntchito canister awiri a 8 millimeters. Katiriji zida chiri motere: pa makatoni wad kapena zapamadzi udzathiridwa pa utuchi Mlomo, ndiye amaunjika canister (zidutswa anayi) ndi mwamphamvu rammed. Kenako, kubwereza ndondomeko, kufikira nthawi yachitatu ntchito kartechiny atatu okha, chivundikiro gasket ndi sapota Chuck. Kuti ikhale yolondola moto, anagona naini kartechin. Chucks ndi nusu 12 n'zotsimikizira chopangidwa kuganizira kulemera kwa mfuti. Kuyeza kagawo kakang'ono umatulutsa dispenser ufa, ndi akuluakulu - kukula kupsa onse kapena chifukwa chabe. Mutayankha mlandu ayenera kumanzere kupita m'mphepete mwa osachepera 4 mm msinkhu, kuti muthe kumangitsa izo. Kukanikiza asterisk amafuna osachepera 11 millimeters ndi gasket si chofunika.
• Gaskets. Iwo unapangidwa wandiweyani si okhwima makatoni. The makulidwe akadakwanitsira wa 2.4 millimeters. ziyangoyango anagula kuvala zidutswa ziwiri.
• Wamanja. Kuwasankha malaya kutalika mfupi - adzakhala kuvutika nkhondo imeneyi ndi yaitali - zingachititse kuwonjezeka zovuta kuthamanga. makatiriji anakhala akhoza reused, kupatula pepala. Pulasitiki chingathe kupirira mpaka akatemera khumi, zitsulo - ndi cholimba kwambiri. Iwo ayenera nthawi kuyeretsa kwa okusayidi ndi mwaye. Dents ming'alu, dzimbiri amatopa - izi ndi zizindikiro za makatiriji unusable.

Nawuza kusaka makatiriji - ntchito yovuta zakubadwa ndipo osatetezeka. Pamaso pa onga flammable kumafuna kusamala ndi osamala ndi muzizigwiritsa. Open moto sikuloledwa.

Zida chofunika:

• dispenser chifukwa ufa;
• mamba, komanso zolemera;
• miyeso apadera apeza kuti ufa ndi kuwombera;
• Tiyime kwa ogula;
• WHU - chilengedwe chipangizo Sidorenko, chifukwa zisoti koyenera;
• navoynik, ntchito wad dosylka.

Okonzeka likungosonyeza katiriji ndi sitolo mu malo ouma.

Ife improvised munitions palibe kungakupatseni alumali moyo. Zidalira pa zinthu poyambira. Khamu angagwiritsidwe ntchito onga akale ndi kapisozi latsopano, mokoma zotero nayo. Ngati anachedwa chimodzi mbali ya katiriji, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi oopsa basi.

smoothbore zipolopolo

Aliyense kusaka katiriji akhoza zimachitika kwa limodzi la magulu atatu aakulu:

• Kwa mfuti yosalala mbiya mu njira. Makatiriji kwa zida zotere atha kukhala chipolopolo, grapeshot, ndi mpirawo.
• Kwa mfuti, thunthu ali ndi ulusi helical. Kuyambira inu mukhoza kuwombera chipolopolo ndi shotshell.
• Pakuti "paradoxes", monga zida zotere yosalala mbiya mu kuipanikiza kudula a. Izi zimathandiza ntchito mitundu yonse ya zida: chipolopolo, kuwombera kapena grapeshot.

Kusaka zida smoothbore zigwirizana wa malaya cylindrical kupatsidwa poyatsira lama fuyusi, ndi projectile (angakhale ndi canister, kuwombera, chipolopolo) mlandu chopopera, wad, gasket.

Milandu uncoated zopangidwa patsogolo. Efficacy kuwombera mfuti ndi canister mkati mamita 60. Mitundu ina ya zipolopolo kwa mfuti akhoza kukhazikika ndege.

Malinga mtundu katiriji, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito zochitika za masewero kapena mtundu wina wa kusaka ankachita masewera kapena akatswiri.

Zipolopolo kwa mfuti conventionally ogaŵikana:

• ang'ono-likungosonyeza - 28 TH, 32 TH 36 TH;
• srednekalibernye - 16 TH, 20 TH, 24 TH;
• lalikulu-likungosonyeza - 4 TH, 8 TH, 10 TH, 12 TH.

Pakali pano, ngati chida ndi zipolopolo za likungosonyeza 4 ndi 8 salinso chikalata. 10 likungosonyeza ali osowa ndi yafalikira yekha mu United States. The gauges otsala ndi osiyana cha kutchuka ndi kufunika mwa alenje ndi sportsmen.

makatiriji yamazinga

kusaka makatiriji Rifled ntchito masewero kusaka ndi carbine kapena mfuti. chipolopolo The amaperekedwa ndi kutsogolera pakati zofewa ndi chipolopolo zovuta. Malinga ndi malamulo, mu makatiriji nyama akuletsedwa ntchito zida ndi zitsulo mitima, discontinuous ndi tracer zipolopolo.

makampani Modern akhoza kukumana pafupifupi onse malamulo a alenje kwa kuwombera masewera zamitundu yonse pa mtunda osiyana. Mukhoza kusankha odulidwa kusaka makatiriji yosiyana ozama mphamvu ndi makhalidwe ballistic.

M'masitolo kuti kugulitsa kusaka zida, ndodo woyenera nthawizonse athe kulangiza ndi makasitomala zida zabwino zida zilipo. Sayenera kusiya thandizo la katswiri, zosiyanasiyana yolimbanirana ndi lalikulu zambiri si mophweka mu izo. Chisankho lamanja la makatiriji tipambanedi pa kusaka ndi. Molakwika osankhidwa likungosonyeza kusaka makatiriji zingachititse osati kuwononga zankhondo, komanso kuvulaza ndi chowombelera yekha.

Kutchuka kwa zopangidwa ena a 12-likungosonyeza zipolopolo

Mavoti makatiriji tichipeza ndemanga ogula - alenje. Iwo ndi otsutsa waukulu wa mankhwala. The zopangidwa yofala 12-likungosonyeza zida:

• "Glavpatron" - anapanga Tula. Zipolopolo odalirika, wokhazikika, wabwino, mtengo wololera.
• "Lazaro" - anapanga Tolyatti, ndi Russian zigawo angagulidwe. Ntchito mikono 70 mamilimita ndi nyemba tuzigawo twa 32-34 magalamu.
• "Nayonso" - anapanga Tula. Okonzeka ndi zipolopolo ndi mfuti.
• CJSC "Tehkrim" - ulimi mu Izhevsk. lonse kusankha makatiriji mkulu khalidwe.
• "Magnum", makamaka ntchito kwa kuwombera pa mtunda wa 50 mamita. Pakuti makatiriji ntchito nusu ya sing'anga ndi likungosonyeza lalikulu ndi kukweza magalamu 40-44. Mmene mpirawo osachepera, kumenya digiri yapamwamba.
• "SCM Makampani" zipatso zina makatiriji wotchuka kwambiri nyama calibres 12. Ntchito Zida opanga yachilendo. Best mfuti ya chipinda:

- № 5, №6, №7 kuti mamita 40 - pa grouse, Woodcock, bakha;

- № 2, №3, №4 kuti mamita 45 - ndi tsekwe, kalulu;

- chiwerengero 000-1 mpaka mamita 50 - nkhandwe, kalulu, raccoon, tsekwe.

• "Tahoe" umabala zosiyanasiyana zipolopolo. Nusu № 9-4, zipolopolo, canister, kwa mfuti chambered 70 mm. Pakuti othamanga ntchito makatiriji kachigawo № 5, 7, 9.
• "Vetter" mmodzi wa zopangidwa otchuka. Iwo ali mkulu khalidwe ndi mtengo angagulidwe. Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kusaka masewero aliwonse. Makatiriji ndi kulemba wapadera, monga "Capercaillie", "bakha" ndi ena.
• "Clover" yopangidwa ndi zisulo high quality, phukusi ali ndi yosavuta kumva ankachita. The peculiarity wa mtundu uwu kuti makatiriji kwa mitundu yonse ya makatiriji anapangidwa pulasitiki, kutalika - 65-89 mm. Nusu makamaka atsogoleri zitsanzo payekha - chitsulo. Woyenerera zida za makolo chambered mu 70 mm.

Luso kumvetsa mitundu ya zida ndi zipolopolo kwa iwo ndipo ali ndi mbali zothandiza - chingatithandize kusankha bwino ndi kupeza wosangalala kwambiri kuchokera kokasaka.