Kugwiritsa ntchito injini. Njira

Kutsegula injini ndi njira yokonzetsera maluso a injini. Tsopano ndizofala kwambiri. Kawirikawiri imachitika m'dzinja kapena kasupe kukonzekera makina kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mu nyengo yatsopano. Ena amagalimoto amayendetsa opaleshoniyi pokhapokha, pamene ena akufuna kuyankhulana ndi malo operekera galimoto. Monga lamulo, kufukula injini kumathandiza kupeŵa kukonza kwakukulu. M'nkhaniyi, tidzakuuzani za zifukwa za zakuskovki mphete za piston ndi mawonekedwe a dothi mu chipinda choyaka moto, komanso kuganizira njira zowombera ICE.

Cinder imabweretsa komanso zimayambitsa

• Mafuta otsika - chifukwa cha kuoneka ngati dothi mu chipinda choyaka moto cha ICE. Makoma a chipindacho ndi pansi pa pistoni amadzazidwa ndi mpweya wa carbon ndi carbon deposits ku mafuta osayaka. Zotsatira zake, kutentha kumatentha kwambiri. Pazabwino, ma valve adzaphimbidwa ndi mpweya, poipa kwambiri.
• Kukhalapo kwa mafuta omwe ali ndi zitsulo; Kutsekemera kapena kuwonongeka kwa chitsulo, chomwe chimalowa m'chipinda choyaka moto.
• Kuyenda mobwerezabwereza pa injini yotentha kwambiri ndi katundu wochepa, kuima pamsewu wamsewu, kuyendetsa pamunsi mofulumira.

Ndalama zambiri za kaboni ndi dothi zimachepetsa kuchepa kwa chipinda choyaka moto, chomwe chimayambitsa ziwonongeko. Izi zimachepetsa mphamvu ya ICE ndipo zimapangitsa kuti awonongeke kwambiri chifukwa chovala ndi kukangana kwa njira ya ICE ndi cylinder-piston. Komanso, zigawo zothamanga za valve - zotulutsa mpweya ndi zotupa zotsekemera - zimachepetsedwa.

Kodi injini imafufuzidwa bwanji?

Pakali pano, pali njira zingapo zoperekera kufukula kwa ICE. Mwachikhalidwecho iwo agawanika kukhala "ovuta" ndi "ofewa".

Zowonjezereka pakati pa oyendetsa galimoto ndi kufukula kovuta galimoto. Kafukufuku kawirikawiri nthawi zambiri amakhala otetezeka. Chofunika cha njirayi ndi chosavuta kumva. Galimoto imayikidwa kutsogolo, injini imatenthedwa mpaka kutentha. Pambuyo pake, chotsani mphuno kapena kuchotsa makandulo. Kenaka, mutembenuza chombocho, ikani pistoni pakati. Kenaka kapadera kake kamatsanulidwira muzitsulo iliyonse ndipo amasiya m'chipinda choyaka moto kwa kirimu (kuyambira maminiti makumi awiri mpaka khumi ndi awiri) kuti mufewetse ndalamazo. Pa nthawi yomweyi, yatsala zitsime zamakandulo, ndipo kutentha kumatsekedwa. Pambuyo pa chiwonetserochi, amayamba ICE ndikumapatsa ntchito yochepa mofulumira (kapena kungoyendetsa makilomita makumi asanu). Kenako mafutawo amasintha mosalekeza.

Cons: Mphamvu ya zofukula zolimba zimadalira makina omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso mtundu wa ICE. Nthaŵi zambiri, n'zotheka kuchotsa kokha kabotolo kake komwe kasupe (kosungira mphete ndi pansi pa pistoni) yadziwika. Ma valve ndi makoma a chipinda sichiyeretsedwa bwino. Zimakhala zovuta kuika pistoni pamalo apakati - izi zidzafuna wothandizira. Kuphatikiza pa mafuta, muyenera kusintha ndi kutulutsa plugs.

Njira yachiwiri ndi injini yofewa . Izi zikutanthawuza kuyeretsa kwa carbon deposits ndi makina a carbon a mphete zokha za pistoni, chifukwa chokonza chimatsanulira mafuta mu 110-200 km asanalowe m'malo mwake. Mafuta asanasinthe, injini iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mochepa ngati n'kotheka. Malinga ndi wopanga mankhwalawa, kukonzekera kotereku kuyenera kukhudza mphete zochepetsetsa za pistoni . Ndiwo omwe amawoneka kuti "akugona". Kufukula injini yofewa kumalimbikitsa magalimoto okhala ndi miyendo yapamwamba ndi yapamwamba, komanso ICE, yomwe imakhala yovala kwambiri.

Cons: ndi chithandizo chake simungatsuke magetsi kapena chipinda choyaka moto. Kukonzekera kosavuta kwambiri ndiko kukonza zakumwa, zomwe zina zowonongeka zidawonjezeredwa kuchokera ku mphete za pistoni za carbon deposit. Njirayi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati yophweka mosavuta, kuyigwiritsa ntchito ndi kusintha kwa mafuta.