Kufesa tsabola: Kodi Muyenera Kudziŵa

Musanayambe kugwira kubzala tsabola, muyenera kukonzekera lachonde kwa zomera. humus Horticultural akhoza wothira pang'ono phulusa ndi mchenga (1-2 pa makapu Chidebe humus zina) kapena wokonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito foliar ntchito kugula.

Komanso, chisamaliro ayenera kumwedwa mbewu afika kuwala kokwanira. Kawirikawiri mabokosi ndi mbande anayikidwa mu chipinda kuti amanyalanyaza mbali dzuwa. Ngati chodzala mbewu tsabola amapezeka mu malo aang'ono, simuyenera kuyesetsa kuti mbande ambiri. Pamene zomera anayamba kupanga, iwo kukhala mopanikizana, iwo akamenyane ndi zimalepheretsa mzake, onetsetsani kuti kuvutika khalidwe la mbewu.

Kuwala tsiku kwa mbande ayenera lolimba maola 12-13. Koma mu February ndi nyengo mitambo kupanga iyi yosatheka. Choncho ntchito kuwonjezera masana fulorosenti nyali mphamvu AP 40-80, lomwe lili pa mbande pa mtunda wa 10 cm, ndi mzati weni weni ochokera 8 m'mawa mpaka 20 koloko usiku. Mukhoza kuwala kwambiri ntchito zojambulazo. Ngati zomera anayikidwa pa zenera, ndi zojambulazo aikidwa pa iwo ndi kunyezimiritsa dzuwa. Mu kuwala yokumba izo chili nyale. Kuti zomera si anatambasula motsogozedwa mabokosi kuwala ndi mbande ayenera nthawi zimayenda. Pamene maola masana kuwonjezeka ayenera kuphimba mbande ndi 19-20 masana. Izi akhoza kutulutsa chimakwirira mdima pepala kapena nsalu.

Kumbukirani kuti chodzala masiku zimadalira zosiyanasiyana tsabola mbewu. Ndi mbali ndi nthawi chodzala mbande mu nthaka lotseguka: kwa gulu pakati ndi woyamba masiku khumi wa February, chifukwa m'madera kum'mwera - chiyambi cha March. Ngati mukupita kudzala masamba kutentha, ndi mbewu za mbewu tsabola ayenera anayamba khumi wachiwiri wa February. Tsabola zingafesedwe mu March, koma mu nkhani iyi muyenera Kuphunzira zina pafupifupi mwezi - kuchokera panthawi imene padzakhala mphukira, ndipo amanyamula mbewu.

Mbande mwakula mu mabokosi kapena cassettes wapadera. The osakaniza dothi unatsanuliridwa wosanjikiza 10 cm, angaimbidwenso ndi mopepuka tikaumbike. Ngati mbewu tsabola amabwera mu bokosi, muyenera kupanga grooves ndi mtunda wa masentimita 5-7 Chrixitu ndi kutsanulira njira fetereza. Ndiye, mu grooves kupanga kukulitsa 0.5-1 masentimita iliyonse masentimita 2-3, anaika mbewu wokutidwa ndi mix nthaka. Ena wamaluwa kuti imathandizira kumera, mbewu anatsanulira ndi madzi otentha (60 ° C), ndipo ambiri a iwo yomweyo kutulutsa mphukira.

Mutabzala tsabola anapangidwa, bokosi la mbande ndi bwino kubisa filimu, kupanga mtundu wa kutentha. Mbande anali madzi kamodzi pa sabata ndi madzi ofunda wa supernatant ndi, kupewa madzi zimabwezera chinyezi owonjezera. Kutentha mpweya kutentha ayenera kukhala pakati 25-27 ° C, ndiye pambuyo pa sabata kapena mphukira awiri. Pa kutentha 20 ° C Tingaone mphukira masiku 18-20, ndipo pa 16 ° C - mwezi umodzi wokha. Ndi zikamera wa mbande filimu kuchotsedwa Ndipo ponya bokosilo mu malo dzuwa. Mu masiku atatu oyambirira, kutentha ayenera ayanjane 17-18 ° C, kotero kuti dongosolo muzu wa zomera bwino anayamba, ndiyeno kachiwiri kuonjezera kutentha kwa 24-25 ° C.

Pamene mbande adzakhala woyamba masamba awiri, ndipo izi zidzachitika mu za mwezi, iwo adzakhala okonzeka swordplay. Mu maola ochepa chabe pamaso Thirani zomera ayenera madzi, monga mbande akhoza kusankhidwa yekha dothi lonyowa. Youma alibe kukhala pa mizu ndipo akhoza kusiya popanda chakudya.

mbande madzi mu muli ang'onoang'ono 10x10 kapena zing'onozing'ono, makapu pulasitiki, miphika, matumba a madzi kapena mkaka. nthaka ayenera zikuchokera yemweyo, amene anali pa nthawi ya mbewu kubzala. muli odzazidwa ndi madzi ndi yankho michere (3 lita imodzi ya madzi kutenga 1 tbsp. supuni ndi sodium humate ndi 1 ora. supuni nkhuni phulusa kapena sulphate potaziyamu). Ndiye zikumera pang'onopang'ono ziboola ndi kutenga pamodzi ndi kumugenda a dziko lapansi. Nkofunika kuti kuwononga mizu, monga iwo ali kwa nthawi yaitali akuchira. Pakati pa mphamvu latsopano kukulitsa ndi chodzala mbande pamaso masamba Muzu. Pambuyo Sankhapo Chipinda madzi ndi otsimikiza kuika mu mthunzi kwa masiku angapo. Kuthirira mbewu ikuchitika masiku 5-6, kaphatikizidwe ndi Mavalidwe - mphika wina zimawononga supuni theka la phulusa.