Kodi musket? Maonekedwe a musket loyamba

Kodi musket, anthu ambiri kudziwa zambiri zokhudza. Choyamba ndi mawu kugwirizana ndi ngwazi za mabuku a Alexandre Dumas - wotchuka French musketeers. Ambiri kudabwa kumva kuti musket choyamba anaonekera osati mu France, ndipo chidali chifuniro ake French alibe chochita. Ndipo kuti ndi musket, poyamba anaphunzira mwamtheradi mu zinthu zosasangalatsa okha.

Nkhani ya musket ndi

Pofika kumayambiriro 16 m'ma msilikali zida zafika pamlingo zimenezo nthawi zida zankhondo "zosavuta" chabe anataya nchito zake. Bullets zipolopolo kuchokera arquebus (kuloŵedwa m'malo a musket a), chifukwa ake kulemera otsika (18-20 magalamu) ndi ang'ono-likungosonyeza sakanatha kudutsa zida ndi chainmail adani. Kumafunikira chida latsopano ndi kuwonjezeka katundu zowononga. Ndipo Kutulukira ndi ufa granular anali yofunika kwambiri kuti wamakono zida ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa musket a.

Amene anapanga mfuti

The musket choyamba (mfuti ndi mbiya yaitali ndi matchlock) anaonekera Spain, ndipo anatulukira izo, monga ena a mbiri yakale, Spanish armourer Mokket ku Veletry. Kutulukira ake anali mbiya kutalika 140 masentimita kukufika. Umenewu ndi kutalika kwa mbiya chawonjezeka ndi likungosonyeza mfuti ufa mlandu ndi misa, ndi moyenera, osiyanasiyana ake luso moto ndi kukhomerera.

Koma kuonjezera kutalika kwa mbiya ingomusiyani ufa granular. Iwo sankasowa kulikankhira breech wa mfuti ramrod, monga ayenera kuchita ndi zamkati ufa, n'kudziphatika kwa mpanda wa anasenza. Tsopano, onga pellets anali anazitsanulira mwa breech popanda thandizo, ndipo pamwamba pake panali kukhomerera ramrod wad. Kuwonjezera ngati anatentha ufa uniformly ndi mwamphamvu, amene kumawonjezera liwiro poyamba osiyanasiyana chipolopolo.

Features woyamba musket

Musket okwana kutalika anali 180 masentimita ndi kulemedwa pa 8 makilogalamu, kotero thandizo kuwombera chinafunika. Anakweza fourchette (Pad), zomwe kumapeto munthu munakhala mu nthaka ndi zidayika thandizo kutsinde chachiwiri.

Ndi kuwonjezeka mu likungosonyeza wa ku 23 mm (harquebuses anali 15-17 mm) ndi kuchuluka kulemera kwa chipolopolo lapansi. Apo iye anakhala musket kulemera magalamu 50-60. Kuwombera osiyanasiyana Pankhaniyi mamita 200-240, ndi pa mtunda izi chipolopolo anakhomerera mosavuta zida wamphamvu. Komabe, kuti anagunda mdani ku musket ndi kunali kofunikira kuyesa kwambiri. N'kutheka kuti chandamale kukula kwa awiri mamita awiri anaika pa mtunda wa mamita 70 chidwi, anali 60 okha%.

Komanso, angadzachite wamphamvu akhoza kulimbana kokha munthu wabwino kukonzekera thupi. Kuti mwanjira azikhoma pa phewa ankavala modzaza khushoni, anasewera mbali ya absorber mantha.

Kulipiritsa mfuti, chikufunika kuchititsa mwambo.

Monga muskets adawalamulira

Ndikulamulira mfuti mwa dzenje inabala. Mu zace wapadera matabwa etui (zaryadtsa) litulukira ufa wofunikila mankhwala a kuwombera limodzi. Onga mu zaryadtsy kuti anapachikidwa pa lupanga lamba muvi, anayeza pasadakhale. Mbewu alumali musket wa natruski (flasks yaing'ono ufa) spiked ufa wosalala. Chipolopolo ntchito kukonza ndodo akankhidwira mu mbiya. mlandu ndi akayaka chifukwa chingwe kusonkhezera, amene anakakamizidwa mbewu alumali dzanja. Onga akayaka ndi amakankhira chipolopolo.

Choncho, pokonzekera mpirawo anatha pafupifupi 2 Mphindi, nthawi anayesedwa mlingo wabwino.

Poyamba muskets anali atakonzekera wokha oyenda, ndi mawerengedwe a utumiki musket inkakhala anthu awiri: nkhani anatsata chingwe moto, nabala yolimbanirana ndi Zodzigawira.

Nkhondowo machenjerero kwa Musketeers

Chifukwa cha mlingo wochepa wa ntchito muskets ntchito machenjerero wapadera. Asilikali, onyamula muskets, anafola mwa apakati amakona anayi, kuzama kwa zomwe angafikire ku tithe 12. Itatha yoyamba udindo opangidwa ananyoza izo anagwetsa lotsatira, pamene iye anabwerera ku mapeto a dongosolo kuti kutsegulaso muskets awo. Choncho, yowotcha zinachitikadi pafupifupi mosalekeza. zochita Zonse anachita Musketeers gulu, kuphatikizapo ndondomeko potsegula.

Armament muskets Europe

Mu 1515, ku French yoyamba imene munaphunzira bwanji musket mu nkhondo ndi asilikali Spanish. mipira Musket mosavuta kubaya zida wamphamvu. Spanish mothandizidwa ndi novelties kuleza mtima kwake barreled anapambana apambane pa French.

Mu 1521 muskets kale paulendo gulu lonselo ankaliphera pamodzi anatengedwa ndi asilikali Spanish. Ndipo mu 1525, kachiwiri mu nkhondo ndi French, amene anapatsidwa dzina za m'mbiri "Nkhondo ya Pavia", ku Spain asonyeza mu ulemerero pamaso pa ukulu wonse wa muskets zida zina. Musketeers anali akuluakulu khoma kwa apakavalo French.

Zinali pa nkhondo imeneyi kuti musket, anafuna kudziwa ku Ulaya. Anayamba mudzikonzere mayunitsi oyenda mu France ndi Germany, ndipo kenako - ndipo m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya.

Mtsogolo, ndi musket anakhala kukumana patsogolo. Opanga zida ku Germany m'malo matchlock pakachitsulo. Choyambitsa, kuchotsa ndalezo adzamasulidwa ndi mwala masika, imene flints amadza diggedst mphanvu uyatsa onga. Kufunika chingwe ndi mbisoweka.

The Dutch bwino thunthu. Iwo m'malo zitsulo kumene izo zinapangidwa, zofewa kwambiri. Izi lilibe milandu yopuma wake ndi kuwombera pa.

Spanish, Dutch ndi ngongole zinachitikira mutsogolo musket kuti makilogalamu 4.5, chida kuti apakavalo lapansi. musket uyu anakhala chonse, akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mitundu yonse ya asilikali, ndi kuti adamchitira mwa makamu onse European.