Kodi m'Chichewa? Nkhani ya chingelezi

Kwa akatswiri a zinenero ndi mbiri yakale kwa nthawi yaitali limodzi la funso lofunika kwambiri anakhalabe mmene panali English. Ndipotu, lero amaona kuti mayiko, izo amadziwa pafupifupi mitundu ya m'dzikoli, ku Japan kuti Hawaii. N'zosavuta kuphunzira katchulidwe ka ali aakulu kwambiri mawu katundu, zomwe zimathandiza kuti kukumbukira mosavuta zonse zofunika. Tiyeni tiyese kupeza momwe anachitira English. Ife tikudziwa chimene anthu poyamba ananena kuti zimene zinapangitsa chilengedwe chake ndi kuti papita zaka zambiri.

Acelt mawu Nawonso achichepere

Mafuko loyamba limene anasiya mbiri woyenera kwa British Peninsula, anali Acelt. Iwo amatanganidwa mayiko amenewa kuzungulira chaka 800 BC ndipo kuyambira wapanga chopereka zikuluzikulu chikhalidwe ndi chitukuko cha tsogolo la anthu amene ankakhala ndi moyo pano. Ilo lachokera Aselote ayenera kuyamba za m'mene panali English. M'Chingelezi mu mawonekedwe mwachizolowezi, iwo ndithudi sanali kulankhula, koma ambiri kulembamo ndi zikalata awo mosavuta kumvetsa ofukula ano. Mizu ya mawu, amene tsopano ntchito mawu amenewa, anaikidwa mu Ages oyambirira amenewo ndi sizinasinthe mpaka lero.

Mayina ndi mawu

Okha monga Aselote, monga nkhani akuti, anali kwambiri patsogolo pa nthawi imeneyo ndi anthu. M'dziko analamulira Orthodox, anyamata onse anali pansi pa tutelage okhwima makolo awo. Aliyense amene anali anthu awa, anadziwa kuwerenga, ine ndikhoza kuwerenga m'chinenero chawo. Aselote analinso mbali imodzi - asilikali kuzikongoletsa mu buluu utoto kuti Anawapanga nkhondo ndi mdani aliyense kwambiri. Chotero njira iwo anamutcha mawu "Brit» (brith), amene anamasuliridwa kuti "wachikuda." Ndicho anakhala maziko mayina a m'mayiko onse ndi anthu okhala mu m'tsogolo. Zingatanthauze kuti panthawi imeneyi zimaonekeratu kwambiri pamene anachita chingelezi, koma pali mfundo zina zosangalatsa. Mofananamo, kuchokera m'zilembo Acelt anachotsa ambiri mwa mayina omwe tsopano ambiri ntchito ndi British ndi America. Komanso anapitiriza tanthauzo lake ndi kapangidwe ka mawu monga "kachasu", "yosakanikira mitundu", "chiphiphiritso" ndi ena ambiri.

nkhondoyo Roma ndi kuloŵerera mawu

Mu 44 BC, pa Islands British mwalamulo anakhala chigawo cha Ufumu wa Roma, ndi kutsogolera mayiko amenewa pa Mfumu Kalaudiyo. Tikaganizira zimenezi zinali chisakanizo cha anthu - Aroma ndi Acelt, potero kusanduka kutukwana. Dziwani kuti azambiriyakale ambiri amene akuphunzira mmene panali English, ndithudi iye ali chimodzimodzi mizu Latin. General galamala, ambiri ofanana mawu osakwatiwa-muzu, komanso wakuti zochitika m'mbiri kulankhula mokomera izi. Apa tikuona kuti onse a ku Ulaya kumayambiriro kwa Nthawi anakopeka ndi Aroma ndi chinenero Latin. Fuko lirilonse limodzi akutengedwa chinachake kwa iwo okha, koma chinachake wodzilemekeza adverbs koyamba. Mofananamo Chingelezi anali kuloŵerera cha Acelt ndi Latin mawu. Koma mu chinenero chamakono tingaone ndi mawu amene anabwera yekha wa Aroma. Ndi onse amene muzu wa "pankakhala" (Latin "msasa".) - Lancaster Leincester. Komanso, mawu akuti "msewu" ( "Street"), anachokera ku Latin. «Via strata» - "inali njira". Zimenezi ndi mawu "vinyo", "peyala", "tsabola," ndi ena.

chikoka cha Scandinavia

Mu 800s mochedwa British Isles Denmark Umapeza. Pa utakhala, umene unakhalapo chaka kuposa aliyense, ndipo anaphatikizana anthu, motero, kuti kusanduka. Chifukwa ntchito zikuluzikulu mmene Chingerezi waoneka, umagwira Denmark. Kuwonjezera pa mawu amenewa, omwe kudzadza ndi nkhokwe ya chingelezi pa nthawi, izo ndi zolimba koyenera kalata ma kenako anaumba osiyana ndi ufulu wodzilamulira kuchokera ku mawu Denmark. Makamaka izi -sc ndi -sk. Iwo anapanga mawu monga "khungu" - "khungu" (ndi koyamba "chikopa"), "chigaza" - "Chibade" (pamene chapachiyambi "chipolopolo") ndi "kumwamba" - "kumwamba" (poyamba yekha "kumwamba" ).

Kodi masiku ano - kuphatikizana?

Tsopano tiyeni tione zapansi yaitali chiyambi cha mawu, ndipo zimenezi n'zomveka kwa munthu wamakono, ndipo potsirizira pake linathetsedwa funso kodi English. Mu English pamaso m'ma 11, monga kunapezeka, ife sanalankhule konse. Iwo anali adverbs, wotchedwa achingelezi, Roman, Acelt, ndi zina zotero. Ndi m'nthawi ino, French motsogozedwa ndi Mfumu William anagonjetsa Britain. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, chinenero mumsasa anali French. Pa anali makhoti, ulamuliro ndi nkhani zina za boma. Pa nthawi yomweyo kusuntha anali mu Latin - ndi chinenero cha sayansi. anthu ophweka analankhula achingelezi m'zilembo. Ndi chifukwa osakaniza izi zinawachitikira English ndipo anabadwa, amene angathe kale kumvetsa munthu ano.

New England zaka kuchokera 1500s lero

Pomaliza, chinenero anapanga m'zaka za m'ma 16. tate wake amakhala wotchuka wolemba Uilyam Shekspir. Munthu uyu analenga osati zinthu zolembedwa kutsimikizira kuti kuli kulankhula woyenera pa nthawi Britain, iye anatulukira mawu ambiri atsopano amene ife ntchito lero. Chimodzi mwa chidwi kwambiri ndi "kudzikoka" (swagger) - anam'patsa, kufalitsa, okopa gait. Kenako, mu 1795, mu kuwala lotulukira buku "English galamala," amene analipo L. Murray. Pakadali pano, ndi maziko phindu la maphunziro.

Kukhoma m'mayiko ena

chidwi kwambiri ndi funso la kodi English ku America, chifukwa tsopano limati onse kuti pa tsikuli. Mwalamulo, adadza ku Dziko Latsopano m'nthawi ya 17 ndi wotchuka madera British amene anapita kumeneko pofunafuna moyo wabwino. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti pa nthawi imene m'dziko la America kale anakhazikitsa midzi ndi anthu ena a ku Ulaya - romanoyazychnye (Spanish, French, Chitaliyana), komanso German olankhula (Germany, asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda, Danes). Mwa kuchuluka dziko anaima makamaka Spain amene njuchi kum'mwera kwa Africa latsopano. Mu malo wachiwiri anali French, amene anasamukira ku North America. Koma ambiri anali British. Ndi chifukwa Chingerezi anayamba kufalitsa m'mayiko amenewa.

zinkalankhulidwa American

Wina kusakaniza Scandinavia, British ndi Roma mizu anapatsa anthu chinenero - American. Mu dongosolo wake, sasiyana ku British, koma mawu colloquial zambiri osavuta kumva. America sindigwiritsa ntchito nyumba zovuta wosakhalitsa, iwo momasuka nthawi zonse lalifupi ndi losavuta. Komanso, iwo akhala ndi mawu ambiri atsopano amene akhala bwinobwino British. Komanso chilankhulo American kwambiri zimalimbikitsa mawu Spanish. Ambiri ntchito mu mawonekedwe woyera, ena reworked mu njira yake.

Kodi English ku Russia

Aliyense wa ife akudziwa bwino kuti mu dziko lakwawo mu English palibe amene ananena. Kwa zaka zambirimbiri, izo kusanduka Asilavo wathu, ndiye Russian chinenero, amene anagula mtundu amakono basi pakati pa zaka za m'ma 20. Komabe, ochepa a anthu anayamba kuphunzira chinenero ndi kunja kuyambira anaonekera m'dziko la ntchito Shakespeare. Poyamba, iwo ikumasuliridwa Russian, amene kunatanthauzanso chidziwitso cha chinenero gwero. Pambuyo pake, anthu anazindikira kuti m'pofunika kuphunzitsa nyimbo zachikhalidwe mu maonekedwe ake apachiyambi. Pang'onopang'ono, anthu Russian aphunzira chinenero koma mwayi umenewu angakhale anthu apamwamba basi. Koma ambiri, amene alimi sanathe kuwerenga ngakhale wawo. Choncho, mpaka pano, mtundu yathu imakhalabe wamng'ono odziwa zilankhulo, ngakhale pa mlingo wosuta.