Kodi matenda a ubongo amatani?

Neurosurgery ndi ntchito yopititsa patsogolo ya mankhwala yomwe imakhudza njira zopaleshoni zochizira ndi chithandizo cha matenda a dongosolo lamanjenje. Mndandandanda wa matenda omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matenda a ubongo ndi ochuluka kwambiri, koma kawirikawiri akatswiri amtunduwu amakumana ndi matenda opatsirana, zotsatira za kuvulala kwa khungu ndi mitsempha ya msana ndi mitsempha ya pakhosi.

Zaka pang'ono kuchokera ku mbiri ya ubongo

Sayansi ya sayansi imatengedwa ngati sayansi yaing'ono, yomwe inagawanika mu gawo limodzi la zamankhwala pokhapokha muzaka za 20 za m'ma 2000. Komabe, zikhoza kunenedwa kuti ntchito yoyamba yokhudzana ndi ubongo idachitidwa kale. Mwachitsanzo, m'buku la Hippocarat pa On The Wounds of the Head, limene linalembedwa zaka zoposa 2000 zapitazo, tsatanetsatane wa tsatanetsatane wa chigaza waperekedwa. Zochita pa gaga zinachitiranso m'zaka za X-XI ku Kievan Rus, monga zikuwonetsedweratu ndi zofukulidwa zambiri zamabwinja.

Kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda a ubongo

Ngati mukudandaula ndi matenda alionse a msana kapena ubongo - ndiye mukufunikira kuyankhulana ndi a neurosurgeon. Ndi matenda a dongosolo lamanjenje simungathe kuseka, kotero musachedwe kuyendera dokotala. Pakati pa zokambirana, dokotalayo amvetsere zodandaula zanu, apitirize kufufuza ndi maphunziro oyenerera, ndipo potsatira chidziwitso chomwe mwapeza chomwe chiti chidzakupangitseni inu ndi kupereka mankhwala othandiza kwambiri.

Nthenda zamagetsi zimagwirizanitsidwa kwambiri ndi madera ena monga mankhwala okhudza ubongo, radiology ndi radiology, ndipo amagwiritsira ntchito njira zawo zochizira ndi chithandizo. Choncho, kaŵirikaŵiri kafukufuku wa matenda a ubongo amafufuza:

• MRI (kujambula kwa magnetic resonance) ya ubongo kapena msana
• Ubongo wa ubongo
• CT scan (computed tomography) ya ubongo
• Echoencephalography (EchoEG)
• Angiography
• Mafilimu a msana
• Nthawi zina zingakhale zofunikira kukaonana ndi akatswiri ena apadera

Ntchito yopanga opaleshoni imatha kuperekedwa ku matenda otere:

• Kuvulala kwakukulu kwa dongosolo lalikulu la mitsempha
• Kuwonongeka kwa mitsempha ya pakhosi
• Matenda ndi zina zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa
• Chotupa choopsa kapena choipa cha msana wam'mimba ndi ubongo (epidermoid, hemangioblastoma, meningeoma, pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngoma, etc.)
• Matenda a msana (intervertebral hernia, radiculitis, osteochondrosis, discitis, kupweteka kwa msana, etc.)
• Khunyu
• Matenda a Parkinson
• Kusokonezeka ndi matenda ena a ubongo (aneurysm, stenosis ya mitsempha ya magazi, thrombosis, ziphuphu zoopsa za ubongo kapena msana).

Ntchito zamagetsi zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'magazi zingagawidwe m'magulu awa:

• Zochita za Neuro-zamoyo (kuchotsa zotupa za ubongo ndi msana wamtsempha, kuchotsa zotupa za msana, kuchotsa zotupa za dongosolo la mitsempha ya pakhosi)
• Kuchita opaleshoni ya m'mimba (spondylodesis, microdiscectomy, corporectomy, corporodesis, kukhazikika kwa msana, vertebroplasty)
• Zochita ndi matenda a craniocerebral (kuchotsedwa kwa mahematomas, chithandizo cha fractures, kuthamanga kwa ubongo)
• Kuchita opaleshoni pulogalamu ya mitsempha yowopsya (opaleshoni ya carpal).

Njira yofunika ya matenda a ubongo ndi matenda a neurooncology , omwe amachititsa opaleshoni opaleshoni ya ubongo ndi msana. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa chithandizo cha matenda a ubongo chinali kukhazikitsa njira yotchedwa stereotaxic yomwe imalola kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tichite ntchito m'madera akutali a ubongo popanda kukhudza malo oyandikana nawo. Gawo la matenda opaleshoni, lomwe limapangidwanso ndi ntchito zofanana, limatchedwa kuti stereotactic neurosurgery .

Pakalipano, njira zamagetsi ndi imodzi mwa malo opititsa patsogolo kwambiri a mankhwala. Ndi chitukuko cha zipangizo zamakono ndi zipangizo, kuyambitsidwa kwa njira zatsopano ndi kusonkhanitsa zochitika, tsopano zatha kuthetsa odwala omwe sanathe kuchiritsidwa kale.