Kodi kusiya? phazi fupa thunthu

Phazi imakhala ndi mmunsi mwa nthambi m'munsi. Imodzi mwa mbali zake, amene afika pokhudzana ndi pamwamba pansi, amatchedwa yekha, ndipo mbali inayo, chapamwamba - kumbuyo. A makina, zotanuka ndi kusintha kapangidwe ndi otukukira kunja ndi vaulted oposa ali ndiime. Thunthu ndi mawonekedwe izi zimapangitsa izo angathe kugawira yokoka, kuchepetsa zodabwitsa poyenda, atengere monyanyira, kukwaniritsa gait yosalala ndi kuimirira zotanuka.

Iwo amachita ntchito yothandizira, amanyamula kulemera lonse la munthu ndi molumikizana ndi mbali zina za phazi amasuntha thupi m'malere.

mafupa phazi

N'zochititsa chidwi mapazi anthu ili kotala la mafupa onse a m'thupi mwake. Choncho, phazi limodzi pali mafupa twente-sikisi. Nthawi zina zimachitika kuti wakhanda ali oposa mafupa ochepa. Iwo amatchedwa wowonjezera ndipo samasankha mavuto kwa mwini wake.

Ngati kuonongeka fupa lililonse limagwirira lonse phazi anathabuka. anthu phazi fupa thunthu imakhala m'magulu atatu: Tariso, metatarsus ndi zala.

Chigawo choyamba tichipeza mafupa zisanu ndi ziwiri, amene anakonza mizere iwiri: kumbuyo wapangidwa wa talus ndi calcaneus, ndipo kutsogolo - a navicular ndi, cuboid, ndi atatu mphero.

Aliyense ali ndi mfundo zomwe kulumikiza pamodzi.

Matenda a phazi chikuphatikizapo metatarsus, womwenso asanu lalifupi mafupa tubular. Aliyense ali m'munsi, mutu ndi thupi.

zala, kupatula chala choyamba, ndi phalanges atatu (a lalikulu awiri). Onse kwambiri adzafupikitsidwa, ndi pa pang'ono chala chapakati phalange anthu ambiri merges ndi msomali lapansi.

zimfundo phazi

olowa thunthu umaimiridwa ndi mafupa awiri kapena kuposa inakula. Ngati iwo ati agwere kudwala, ndiye pali ululu amphamvu. Popanda thupi sangathe kuyenda, chifukwa ndi kuyamika mfundo mafupa kusintha malo ake wina ndi mzake.

Pankhani mutu wathu chidwi tibia thunthu la kumapazi ake, ndi olowa kuti zikugwirizana ndi mwendo m'munsi phazi. Iwo ali mawonekedwe ginglymoid. Ngati zowonongeka akuyenda kuli kuthamanga adzachititsa mavuto. Motero, munthu amayamba limp, onyamula kulemera chachikulu pa mwendo wovulala. Zimenezi zimabweretsa chakuti zimango za miyendo iwiri wosweka.

kuganizira wina mu ulamuliro, ndi subtalar olowa aumbike kuchokera kumbuyo padziko kugwirizana chidendene kumbuyo padziko talus lapansi. Pamene kwambiri kasinthasintha wa miyendo madera osiyana izo sizigwira ntchito bwino.

Koma kopanda-navicular olowa mukhoza, kumlingo, zoperewerazo vuto, makamaka ngati ndi osakhalitsa. Komabe, kungakhale pathological.

ululu, omwe akhoza kukwaniritsa yaitali chikhalidwe, amapezeka mfundo metatarsophalangeal. Kuthamanga lalikulu imagwera pa phalanx proximal ya chala choyamba. Choncho, kwambiri atengeke zotheka kudwala - nyamakazi, gout, ndi zinthu zina.

Pa phazi ndi mfundo zina. Komabe, izi zinayi akhoza bwanji kwambiri, monga mmene achitira kowonekera kwambiri poyenda.

Minofu ndi mafupa phazi

gawo ili la thunthu umaimiridwa ndi naintini minofu osiyana, chifukwa zimachitika zomwe phazi akhoza kusuntha. Overvoltage kapena M'malo mwake, underdevelopment zimaonekera chifukwa cha luso kusintha malo a mafupa ndi tendons, ndi kuchita malo. Pa dzanja lina, ngati mafupa kuti chinachake cholakwika, ndiye adzachita bwanji minofu ya phazi.

Matenda a nthambi ndizo plantar ndi mwendo minofu.

Chifukwa cha zala woyamba ikuyenda. Minofu ili mu madera osiyana, kuthandiza kusunga kotenga ndi yopingasa arches.

Cholinga ichi anatumikira, ndipo atavalanso zoteteza minofu, tendons amagwira kwa mafupa a phazi. Izi kutsogolo ndi zapambuyo tibial, peroneal yaitali. Kuyambira mafupa mwendo ochokera anthu unbend ndi kukhotetsa zala. Nkofunika kuti minofu akhala anatambasula mwendo ndi phazi. Matenda a nthawi yotsiriza bwino anasonyeza kuposa pamene iwo amakhala omasuka boma, monga mwinamwake phazi akhoza flatten, zikubweretsa mapazi mosabisa.

Tendons ndi Mitsemphayi

Minofu amagwira mafupa mwa tendons, amene akuyembekeza awo. Iwo cholimba, kugawa kuwala. Pamene inu kutambasula minofu mphamvu ya malire imafalikira kuti tendon, zimene kukhala chofuna ngati mwauchidakwa anatambasula.

Mitsemphayi ali zimakhala kusintha, koma inelastic. Iwo zili padziko olowa, kukhalabe ndi kulumikiza mafupa. Pa amadza chala Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha edema lidakali kapena chinang'ambika mitsempha.

chichereŵechereŵe

Chichereŵechereŵe chimakwirira malekezero a mafupa limodzi malo malo. Mukhoza kuona zinthu zoyela pa malekezero a mwendo mafupa nkhuku - izi ndi chichereŵechereŵe.

Uyamiko kwa Iye, ndi pamalo fupa ndi maonekedwe yosalala. Popanda chichereŵechereŵe, thupi sangathe kusamukira bwino ndi mafupa akhale ndi mnzake anali kusinja. Komanso, kumva kupweteka kwambiri chifukwa cha kutupa zawo zonse.

mitsempha ya magazi

Wapansi, pali dorsal mtsempha wamagazi ndi zapambuyo tibial. Ndi mtsinje waukulu, umene umaimiridwa ndi phazi. Matenda a m'thupi ndi ankatsogoleranso ndi mitsempha ang'onoang'ono kuti auze magazi kenako mu zimakhala onse. Ndi osakwanira kupereka mpweya mavuto zovuta. mitsempha izi amachotsedwa pa mtima kwambiri. Choncho, matenda kufalitsidwa zimachitika makamaka ku madera amenewo. Izi tingasonyezere atherosclerosis ndi arteriosclerosis.

Aliyense akudziwa kuti mitsempha kunyamula magazi mtima. Motalika kwambiri mwa iyo umachitika ndi chala chachikulu pa mkati padziko lonse wa miyendo. Limatchedwa wamkulu saphenous mtsempha. Kunja kwa ang'ono mipita saphenous. Zapambuyo ndi zapambuyo tibial ili kwambiri. mitsempha Small otanganidwa kusonkhanitsa magazi kuchokera miyendo napereka kwa lalikulu. mitsempha Small ladzala ndi minofu magazi. A capillaries kugwirizana mitsempha ndi mitsempha.

Zithunzi zikuwonetsa ya thunthu ya phazi. Photo limasonyezanso malo ziwiya magazi.

Anthu amene ali ndi mavuto ndi magazi, Kawirikawiri kuoneka masana kutupa, makamaka ngati nthawi yambiri anathera pa mapazi kapena pambuyo kuyenda mpweya. Nthawi zambiri pali matenda monga mitsempha varicose.

Ngati miyendo yanu pali kusintha kwa khungu ndi kutentha, komanso panopa kutupa, ndi zizindikiro momveka bwino kuti munthu ali ndi vuto magazi. Komabe, matenda ayenera Mulimonsemo kuika katswiri amene muyenera kuthana pamene detects zizindikiro pamwamba.

misempha

Misempha zimafalitsa zotengeka zonse ubongo ndi minofu kulamulira. The ntchito yofanana ndi kuwaletsa. Matenda a mabungwe awa kwake izo mitundu zinayi izi: zapambuyo tibial, peroneal kwambiri, zachiphamaso peroneal ndi mitsempha sural.

Disease mu gawo ili la nthambi bwino zimayamba ndi makina othamanga kwambiri. Mitsempha psinjika akhoza Mwachitsanzo, nsapato pafupi, kuchititsa kutupa aonekera. Zimenezi angatsogolere zoipazi amphamvu, dzanzi, ululu kapena kumverera kwachilendo cha ululu.

ntchito

Kamodzi anaphunzira thunthu phazi, kapangidwe ka ena ziwalo zake, inu mukhoza kupita mwachindunji ntchito zake.

1. Ndiyamika sayenda ake, munthu mosavuta atengere pamalo osiyana amene akuyenda. Apo ayi, sizikanatheka kuti achite, ndipo iye agwa.

2. thupi ikhoza kusunthidwa mu madera osiyana: patsogolo, m'mbali ndipo m'mbuyo.

3. Ambiri a katundu ndi chosakanikirana ndi gawo ili la mwendo. Apo ayi, mukadakhulupirira analenga kuthamanga kwambiri mbali zina za thupi, ndi wonse.

The matenda ambiri

matenda monga mapazi lathyathyathya angathe pamene moyo wongokhala. Ndi yopingasa ndi kotenga.

Mbali yoyamba ndi flattened transversal Chipilala ndi forefoot apuma pa atsogoleri a mafupa metatarsal (mu boma wabwinobwino, izo ziyenera kuchokera yekha woyamba ndi wachisanu). Pankhani kachiwiri flattened, motero, kotenga Chipilala, chifukwa chimene yekhayo wonse kukhudzana ndi pamwamba. Mu ichi matenda, miyendo asatope msanga kwambiri ndipo ndinamva ululu mu phazi lake.

matenda ena ofala ndi nyamakazi ya bondo olowa. Pankhaniyi, pali ululu, kutupa, ndi crunch mderali. Chitukuko cha matenda chichereŵechereŵe kuwonongeka, tingayambe chilema olowa.

No zochepa wamba zala nyamakazi. Pankhaniyi pali chisokonezo cha magazi ndi njira kagayidwe mu malo metatarsophalangeal. Zizindikiro za matenda - ndi ululu pamene ukuyenda, crunching, chala kutupa, ndipo ngakhale kusokonezedwa thunthu zala za kumapazi (mapindikidwe).

anthu ambiri sakudziwa angavomereze bampu patsinde pa chala choyamba. The chikhalidwe boma mankhwala otchedwa hallux chilema, pamene mutu amasuntha mafupa phalangeal. Pankhaniyi, minofu pang'onopang'ono kufooketsa ndi chala anayamba kudalira kwa ena ndi opunduka phazi.

gawo ili la thunthu la nthambi m'munsi zikusonyeza kufunika kwake wapadera ndi zinchito. Kuphunzira kapangidwe ka phazi limachititsa mokoma kwambiri ndi maganizo ake, kupewa matenda osiyanasiyana.