Kodi contralto? tanthauzo

Kuimba mawu - chida choimbira. Komanso mitundu ina ya zida: anakudzula, zingwe, mkuwa, percussion - iwo ali ndi makhalidwe munthu ndi amene angathe kutenga malo ena mu gulu la.

Kwa zaka zambiri pali zambiri gradations ndipo ambiri muyezo chifukwa ziyenera a voti. Monga zina za luso, classifications awa ali m'malo wachibale ndi zotengera malingaliridwe kuwunika. Mulimonsemo - chomwe contralto? Izi ndi mkazi kuimba mawu ndi katundu wapadera.

categorization ya mavoti

kachitidwe gulu ndi eni khamu amapilira luso lopangira. Nthawi zina iwo anayikidwa mu mphamvu (buku ndi nthawi ya kusewera cholemba limodzi), ndipo ena - ndi kusinthasintha ake, zoyendayenda, momveka za phokoso, virtuosity. Ndipo oimba, akuimba mu kwayara ndi kuchita mbali payekha, ntchito notations mavoti osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, kodi contralto mwa mawu a nyimbo choral ndi gulu loyimba? Iwo limafanana ndi mawu kapena mbali amapilira, wotchedwa Alto.

Gulu ambiri osiyanasiyana mawu, mwachindunji amadalira jenda wa imba. Choyamba anaonekera kwa zaka za m'ma XVI. Kuyambira pamenepo achokera zofanana apamwamba wamwamuna mawu wamkazi wa kuthungo. Access nyimbo mpingo - mtundu ambiri otukuka luso amapilira - anali amuna okha. Party kwa mawu mkulu anadzazidwa ndi mwina anyamata kapena amuna, amene ngati mwana zinachitikadi opaleshoni kuti asunge kutalika kwa mawu awo. Lero, maudindo awa mu masewero a anachita ndi oimba amene apanga njira nyimbo mu falsetto. oimba amenewa amatchedwa countertenor.

Female kuimba mawu

Kumvetsa zimene contralto, zosavuta, pakumva, onani mmene mkulu kuwomba chikhulupiriro executable woimba ntchito amapilira. Pa Alto osiyanasiyana zolemba wotsikitsitsa ankaimba wamkazi kuimba mawu kuyambira wamng'ono octave F kuti F (G) wa octave chachiwiri. Phula kupezeka kwa Alto, anayeza instrumentally, limapereka angapo kuchokera 150 mpaka 650 Hz.

Uthunthu apamwamba kuyimba mawu a mkazi ndi woimba. Dzina amachokera kwa sopra Italy - "pa, pa." Osiyanasiyana nyimbo zilipo eni mawu amene - kuchokera La octave ang'onoang'ono F (A) wa octave lachitatu. Malinga makhalidwe ena mawu :. Timbre akaundula, zoyendayenda, etc. zimatulutsa magulu angapo atengedwa mu chipinda zisudzo ndi mingoli. Zochitikazi, lyric coloratura woimba , ndi kuwafotokozera - lyric kuzitsatira, lyric coloratura, komanso apamwamba ndi mawu mafoni -koloraturno svistkovoe-woimba. Kutalika pafupifupi la mawu akuti n'zosangalatsa kumva za kamvekedwe - 250-1046 Hz, pazipita - mu coloratura woimba - 1400 Hz.

Mezzo (mezzo - "theka pakati") - pafupifupi kutalika wamkazi mawu (220-880 Hz). ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana - A octave ang'onoang'ono octave pakati chachiwiri. Kuonetsetsa mitundu mofanana kamvekedwe pamwambapa anafotokoza, zambiri popanda njira zokhwima.

Kodi contralto nyimbo. tanthauzo

Contralto - otsika mu osiyanasiyana zolemba playable wamkazi kuimba mawu. Masiku ano Alto, zimene zimaonetsa makamaka limaonetseratu nyimbo ndi ntchito chikhulupiriro mu kaundula otsika - chodabwitsa chosowa kwambiri. Full-blooded, wakuda ndi mphamvu phokoso la nyimbo ya octave yaing'ono aubweretse mawu a munthu.

Iwo kalekale sadziwa kufunika ngati nyimbo cholowa, kumvetsa zimene contralto mawu, kugwilizana amapezeka pakati zida zoimbira amene amafanana velvety ake ali bwinobwino ndi mtundu. Akukhulupirira kuti ambiri ikugwirizana kwathunthu kwa mkazi mawu chingwe uta - viola ndi cello.

tessitura

Osiyanasiyana amene mawu woimba ndi kudziwa zonse wabwino, amene ali omasuka kwambiri imba - ndizo basi nkhani zikuluzikulu za makhalidwe komanso zenizeni za mawu anacemerwa tessitura.

Childs, imba, ali contralto, mulibe chikhulupiriro chimenechi pa osiyanasiyana phokoso zokhudzana ndi mau awa. Mapepala zazikulu zambiri kuwomba kwambiri, makamaka poyerekeza ndi m'munsi. Apa iwo agwirizane ndi mezzo-woimba ndi woimba, kukhala ndi makhalidwe a mawu, kaŵirikaŵiri bwinobwino anachita mu masewero a contralto phwando.

Star chakale contralto

Ndi wapadera, wapadera, kwambiri, wamphamvu phokoso otsika contralto osiyanasiyana phokoso - chuma chachikulu cha mawu. Iwo makamaka ofunika ndi waife connoisseurs luso amapilira. Zinali lililonse kwa oimba wotchuka kwambiri, divas za zisudzo za m'mbuyomu: Ernestine Schumann-Heinke (1861-1936), Ketlin Ferrier (1912-1953), Marian Anderson (1897-1993), Korea Antarovoy (1886-1959) ndi ena ambiri. Mwa oimba lero omwe mawu chimatengedwa ngati contralto woona Ewa Podles wodziwika, Lina Mkrtchyan, Sara Mingardo.

Kuyambira kalekale anthu akhala anazindikira wapadera mawu. Choncho, ngakhale repertoire chakale lili osati masewera ambiri kwa iye. Ndipo nthawi zambiri zinalembedwa anyamata otchulidwa. The wodziwika ndi Olga mu "Evgenii Onegine" Vanya ( "Ivan Susanin" Glinka) Konchakovna wa Borodino "Prince Igor" Angelina ( "Cinderella" Rossini), Ulrike ( "Masked Mpira" Verdi) Erda ku "Das Rheingold "" Siegfried "(Wagner). Special maganizo ochekenera contralto zimapangitsa chikhalidwe chibadidwe zenizeni, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mbali zoipa kuwala kapena mphamvu, limaonetseratu, "Wagner" - mfiti, mfiti, woipa amene amabweretsa, etc ...

Contralto repertoire a sanali maphunziro

oimba ambiri, asangalatsi ndi aphunzitsi nawo chiphunzitso chakale luso amapilira, amatsutsa ndi zinthu pamene mfundo chakuti chotero contralto music, amachitika ulemu kwa oimba a nyenyezi malonda Pop ndi kuchita jazi kapena thanthwe nyimbo. Iwo amakhulupirira kuti pali chachikulu lofunika kusiyana m'njira okha njira ya ulili phokoso.

Koma pali anthu amene ali a gulu ili, Pop mawu chete. Iwo akatswiri weniweni amene mukudziwa chimene contralto. Chithunzi eni mkazi mawu wotsikitsitsa - mu mainsaikulopediya mbiri yausangalatsi, ali odzazidwa ndi magazini ambiri glossy. Izi ndi munthu wochititsa chidwi kwambiri: Dzhudi Garlend, Marlene Dietrich, Tina Turner, Cher, Amy Winehouse, Enni Lennoks, Lana Del Rey, Olga Kormuhina ndi ena ambiri. Pankhaniyi makhalidwe kwa contralto ndi ntchito waukulu "musicological" mawu: chibadwidwe, husky, achigololo ndipo ngakhale utsi wambiri.

Onse a iwo, ndipo yoimba chakale, ndi onse omwe ali "nkhani ina" - chibadidwe mu ntchito pazipita ntchito mawu kuti ndalandira kwa chilengedwe ndi chimakula ntchito mwakhama.