Kodi catabolism? MASANKO magawo catabolism

Thupi lathu ndi dongosolo chodabwitsa akasamuka kugwirizana khola chilengedwe. Izi ikukwaniritsa kagayidwe kapena monga iwo ukutchedwa, kagayidwe. Kagayidwe yokha lagawidwa pawiri: catabolism (mphamvu kagayidwe) ndi anabolism (pulasitiki kagayidwe). Anthu ambiri amasokoneza mfundo izi. Koma iwo mwapadera. Tiyeni tiwone chimene catabolism.

Kusiyana catabolism ku anabolism

Zimene zimachitika ndi zosiyana mu chirengedwe. Anabolism - ndi kaphatikizidwe ndondomeko zovuta kwambiri zinthu ku chinthu chimodzi. Ndipo kodi catabolism? Izi ndondomeko iwowo. chitsanzo akhoza anapereka anabolism minofu misa. Ndipo ngati chitsanzo kwa catabolism ndi zingachititse zingapo zosiyanasiyana zofunika m'thupi la munthu.

Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri amakonda mbatata, pomwe? Chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu mmenemo, kupanga kukoma okoma, ndi wowuma. mankhwala ndi polysaccharide. Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndi zovuta mu chikhalidwe zimam'patsa. Chotero, izo imakhala ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya zina, akhoza decomposed mu mankhwala zovuta zochepa. Kumapeto kwa wowuma ndi linakwiriridwa ndi thupi shuga. Iwo ali catabolism.

catabolism mowa

Chitsanzo chachiwiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa catabolism mowa asidi acetic. Zimenezi ikuchitika masitepe awiri ntchito michere awiri. Choyamba - ndi mowa dehydrogenase. enzyme Izi ndi amene catabolism Mowa kuti acetaldehyde. mankhwala ndi poizoni, choncho sangathe kukhala yaitali mu thupi. Kuti chifukwa cha matsire. Koma si mfundo.

Gawo lachiwiri la catabolism wa ethyl mowa - ndi pogawanikana pamawere ndi puloteni acetaldehyde dehydrogenase acetaldehyde kwa asidi acetic amene excreted mu thupi. Pali zitsanzo zina zingapo catabolism. Mwachitsanzo, mafuta akhoza lamamatira kuti glycerol ndi mafuta zidulo, mapulotini - kuti kwa amino zidulo. Pakuti bodybuilders mtundu lotsiriza la catabolism zosasangalatsa ndithu, monga sikuti iye apeze minofu misa.

Science catabolism

Catabolism cholinga kuti thupi zingabweretse mphamvu. Ndipotu, chinthu chilichonse kuti kukonzedwa ndi thupi, ndi gwero la ATP - adenosine triphosphate. Izi molekyulu wapadera anafuna yosungirako, ndiye kudzikundikira mphamvu m'thupi. Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala ndi mwachilungamo zochepa. Choncho, ayenera nthawi zonse kudzadza. Ndipo izi zikhoza kutheka njira imodzi yokha - mothandizidwa ndi catabolism. Dongosololi chikuchitika mu magawo angapo. Tiyeni tione magawo onse a catabolism.

Gawo loyamba

Sitepe yoyamba ya catabolism - lachokera ku pogawanikana pamawere zinthu chakudya ndi michere wapadera. Kwa ena zinthu, udindo wa enzyme akhoza kuchita mahomoni. Mwachitsanzo, shuga cleaves insulin opangidwa ndi kapamba. Choncho kwa siteji anapatsidwa yekha khalidwe exotherm. Zilibe kutha popanda sanachite.

Kwenikweni, ntchito kukhalabe moyo wabwino wa msinkhu chamoyo. Ndipo ife tikumverera ndondomeko monga kuteteza wina thupi kutentha. Komanso, bwalo chidwi kwambiri. Pambuyo catabolism akhoza ikuchitika pokhapokha ngati pali kutentha zina. Kutentha ndi chothandizira Mwachibadwa njira zonse mankhwala mu thupi kapena chilengedwe. The ndondomeko ya akuwaza zinthu n'kofunika zovuta kwambiri, choncho palibe gawo lachiwiri ndi chofunika kwambiri.

mwendo yachiwiri

Gawo lachiwiri amatchedwa glycolysis. Pa nthawi imeneyi, izo amaloŵamo pogawanikana pamawere a shuga. Zimenezi ikuchitika mu cytoplasm selo. Chifukwa cha yachiwiri, 40% awasungira monga ATP, ndi yotsala ya mphamvu chifukwa ntchito monga kutentha. Nthawi zambiri, thermoregulation m'thupi, pamene ife tikuwona, kugulitsidwa iye kwambiri. Kwambiri kuposa theka la magetsi onse opangidwa yaikulu monga kukhalabe kutentha yachibadwa thupi. siteji izi zimachitika popanda nawo oxygen.

Mbali yachitatu - oxygen

Mbali imeneyi ya catabolism chikuchitika ndi nawo mwachindunji oxygen. Anagwira mu mitochondria, amene migolo lathu lachibadwa. zinthu izi za thupi lathu ndi laling'ono kwambiri, iwo sangathe kuona ndi apoyera. Pankhaniyi, mabatire amenewa amapezeka m'selo, angathe kagayidwe. Ndipo ndi pali kudzikundikira ATP. Ndipo gawo lachitatu ananamizira kwathunthu kwa kaphatikizidwe triphosphate adenosine.

Common njira ya catabolism

General ndi catabolism angatchedwe chifukwa cha njira zoterozo:

• The makutidwe ndi okosijeni a pyruvate kuti acetyl-CoA. ndondomeko izi zikuchitika mu michere mphamvu, kupanga ya dzina chidwi "pyruvate dehydrogenase zovuta." Koma izi ndi zinthu zimene si zofunikira kwenikweni anthu wamba.
• Chotsatira ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa acetyl-CoA. Imachokera otchedwa citric acid mkombero. Limatchedwanso ndi Krebs mkombero. Zimenezi ndi kiyi anafuna kupuma ma. Si onse kumene, koma amene ntchito mpweya yekha. Ndi kupyolera pa Krebs mkombero kenako anaumba mu ndondomeko kukhazikitsa anabolism (kaphatikizidwe) ATP, ndilo gwero lalikulu la mphamvu mchipindamo.
• Pambuyo mphamvu imeneyi adzamasulidwa, pali kudzikundikira ake (kudzikundikira). Izi ndi chifukwa metabolites dehydrogenation amene anatenga njira ya njira ziwiri wakale catabolism. Nkosafuna dehydrogenation akupezeka kwa mayitirokondiriyoni unyolo elekitironi zoyendera.

Izi njira ya catabolism kwambiri kwa anthu. Popanda izo sizingatheke kulibe, kuyambira catabolism ATP adzamasulidwa mphamvu, limene ntchito ngati mankhwala chilengedwe chosakanikirana ndi matupi athu.

kwa amino asidi catabolism

Inde, mapuloteni yoipa mu thupi mu amino zidulo. Koma osati kuti kumachitika m'thupi mwathu. Mwazina, zidulo kwa amino komanso amagwira ntchito catabolism lapansi. The ndondomeko pakokha zovuta, kotero okha mfundo zikuluzikulu, amene si yovuta mokwanira kwa owerenga. Iwo amino zidulo ndi njira yaikulu imene Mapuloteni anamanga.

Kusakhala mbali ya thupi yomwe popanda mapuloteni. Komabe, ena a iwo akhoza kukhala zoipa. Matenda amene amakhalapo chifukwa cha maonekedwe mapulotini nthenda thupi otchedwa prions. Ndipo, chochititsa chidwi mokwanira, iwo akhoza kukodwa mu kamphindi.

anapezazo

Tinkaganiza kuti catabolism ichi ndi chimene iwo uli thupi lathu. chifukwa ndi lophweka. Ngakhale zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'thupi mwathu ndi zina kuthetsa. Pa nthawi yomweyo sitingathe kuchita popanda zinthu zimenezi. Catabolism osati umabala mphamvu, komanso kuthetsa owonjezera zinthu zofunikira kwa thupi lathu. chinachake basi kwambiri - ndi zoipa. Ndipo mfundo imeneyi tiyenera kuziganizira.

Nkofunika kumvetsa zimene catabolism osati maphunziro ambiri komanso Mwachitsanzo, kufukiza kulemera owonjezera. Koma ayenera kusamala kwambiri, chifukwa kuwonjezera pa catabolism mafuta ungapsereze ndi minofu misa. Iye samasamala kuti kugwa pansi kuchuluka kwa.