Intubation - ndi kumayambiriro chubu mu trachea ndi

Health - mtengo kwambiri. Nthawi zina, kufunika ntchito zaumoyo. Pamene ntchito mankhwala ochititsa dzanzi ambiri amafuna intubation - ndi oyamba mu trachea a chubu wapadera. Ngakhale kuphweka, izo ndi mtundu wa ntchito, amagwirizana ndi chiopsezo ndi mavuto luso.

Cholinga cha intubation

Ntchito intubation (zikutanthauza kuti mpheto uyu adzakhala anafotokoza m'nkhani) mungathe ndi prehospital popereka thandizo mwadzidzidzi.

Intubation amatha:

• atagwira kupuma wodwala, makamaka, kusamalira, komanso thandizo;
• wabwinobwino patency wa airway kaya malo a wodwalayo;
• pakalibe chiopsezo suffocation chifukwa zotsatira za kusanza, ntchofu, magazi, matupi ena ndi Mitsemphayi kuphipha;
• kuthekera kochotsa matupi yachilendo ku bronchi ndi trachea;
• kuthekera kudzifutukula m'madera kuwala;
• kuwongolera zinthu kuwonongedwa kwa edema m'mapapo mwanga.

Intubation ikuchitika (ili kumayambiriro chubu mu trachea a) ndi movutikira chifukwa cha edema m'mapapo mwanga, poyizoni kwambiri, kulephera kupuma, koma kutsogolo a Chigaza, ndi kutupa ndi kuvulala ena msana khomo lachiberekero ndi vertebrae khomo lachiberekero sangathe kugwira njirayi pa Nkhanza dongosolo.

Zida intubation

Pali ena ya zipangizo za ntchito intubation (ntchito izi kuti magawowa kupuma) zinachitikadi. Izi zimafuna:

• machubu endotracheal osiyana mu akunja kukula m'mimba mwake, kutalika, kapena wopanda khafu, ndi pamaso pa lumens limodzi kapena awiri (bezmanzhetnye machubu ntchito ana);
• laryngoscope ndi masamba molunjika ndi yokhota kumapeto: kusankha gawo, amene anaikapo mu batire, ndipo mutu ndi babu kuwala (masamba zikhoza kusintha mofulumira ngati n'koyenera);
• anasteziologicheskie mbano (ndi mawonekedwe yokhota kumapeto);
• wochititsa - ndi woonda zitsulo ndodo, zomwe, ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndi yofewa (mu milandu yovuta amafuna intubation);
• dzanzi Local ntchito sprayer (kawirikawiri ntchito chifukwa ambiri a intubation - ndiyo njira ya mayikidwe a chubu mu trachea, izo ikuchitika vuto la mwadzidzidzi pamene wodwala pogonekedwa ndi mankhwala ambiri, komanso kukomoka).

mitundu intubation

Malinga ndi cholinga cha njirayi zachipatala, intubation mapapo (kutanthauza pamwamba) ndi wa mitundu iwiri:

• orotracheal - chubu mu trachea kudzera pakamwa;
• nasotracheal - kumayambiriro kwa endotracheal chubu mwa mphuno (Pankhaniyi kukula kwa machubu ayenera kukhala pang'ono pokha).

Payokha m'pofunika kuonetsetsa tracheostomy, koma ntchito iyi yokha zingaoneke amatikumbutsa intubation, monga anachita ndi Anesthesiologists luso chosiyana, koma cholinga chathu kwenikweni ofanana - airway.

Technology wa m'mapapo intubation

Intubation - ndi kumayambiriro chubu mu trachea a. Calibration zachitika m'njira ziwiri, malingana ngati wodwalayo sadziwa kapena ayi. Mbali yoyamba, ndi mankhwala ochititsa m'deralo. Wodwala ayenera kupuma kwambiri, pokoka mpweya pamene chubu patsogolo kudzera glottis lapansi. The dokotala pa nthawi yomweyo amaonetsetsa kuti foni yakumanja ali mu trachea m'malo kholingo.

Pamene mosalingalira wodwala matenda pogwiritsa ntchito njira laryngoscopy mwachindunji. Pankhaniyi, mutu ayenera kukhala zotheka isanathe, ndi bwino aiika iyo wodzigudubuza lapansi. dokotala amatsegula pakamwa pake kwa wodwala yekha, Akuzigwira tsamba laryngoscope kumbuyo kwa lilime, motero akukankha ku lamanzere, kenako mapanganowo laryngoscope mu trachea a. Kenako, chubu ndi anaikapo mu mpweya wa.

matumbo intubation

Pali chinthu monga intubation matumbo, kapena intraoperative matumbo decompression. mpheto Izi anachita kuchotsa nkhani matumbo. Pali mitundu itatu ya matumbo intubation:

• nasogastric;
• retrograde kudzera rectum;
• retrograde mwa fistula matumbo.

Anachita intubation za m'mimba yaing'ono kudzera appendikostomu kupewa kapena kuchiza odwala pambuyo ntchito manjenje.

Ntchito probes yapadera imeneyi kuti akhale osakwatiwa-njira, wapawiri-njira ndi Mipikisano njira, koma woyamba awiri zambiri ntchito.

Monga opaleshoni ina, intubation (a mpheto kuti magawowa kupuma) Kodi ndi mavuto. Nthawi zambiri izo kutsamwa, kuwononga mano ndi nembanemba mucous, spasms. Komabe, ngati ndondomeko lonse ikuchitika motsatira malamulo, izo sizidzakhala zosokonezeka, ndi moyo wodwala adzapulumutsidwa.