Injini psinjika

Psinjika injini amapereka kuwonjezeka mu mphamvu akupezeka ku kuyaka wa osakaniza mafuta. Lingaliro kwambiri anachokera ku mawu Latin «compressio» (psinjika). Psinjika ndi psinjika mpweya anali mchikakamizo cha mphamvu kunja. Zimenezi zimabweretsa kuchepetsa voliyumu yake. Pa okwera kutentha kapena mavuto atumikire monga chimachita kunja. The mkati kuyaka injini (mkati kuyaka injini) ngati psinjika injini amapezeka. Pankhaniyi, psinjika a kusakaniza mafuta imagwiridwa.

Mu anakonza magalimoto amakono anapereka anayi sitiroko kuyaka mkati engine. Psinjika injini wapezeka makamaka mu chipinda kuyaka m'dera pakati pa makoma chipinda, ndi psinjika mphete ndi pansi pisitoni. Kumachitika pa nthawi imene kuthamanga umalandira pazipita imene pisitoni pafupifupi nditapatsidwa chapamwamba mfundo akufa, pamaso poyatsira wa osakaniza kuyaka.

Psinjika injini, kupatulapo injini derate ndipo mofulumira imatengedwa wachibale muyezo mkhalidwe wa yamphamvu-pisitoni mkati dongosolo kuyaka injini ndipo angapo malo ena. Pisitoni mphete, mavavu (kudya ndi kubwereketsa) mu mutu gasket wa unit galimoto ndi chiwerengero cha mbali zina kupereka psinjika khalidwe.

katundu ikutuluka chipinda amene angafikire atmospheres khumi mu injini mafuta. Psinjika olimbana dizilo aumbike pa kupanikiza kufika atmospheres makumi atatu. Pa nkhani imeneyi, mbali zonse nawo mbali, ayenera kutha kupirira ngati katundu zonse.

Pamene pisitoni ndi anasamukira ku kuthamanga kulengedwa amapezeka mpweya kuchokera ozama mu kusiyana pakati pa poyambira ndi mphete. Mpweya chifukwa unkagunda padziko yamphamvu mphete.

Zonse katundu pa yamphamvu-pisitoni dongosolo, mpweya kufalitsidwa limagwirira chifukwa cha kuthamanga zonse mkulu kusokoneza chikhalidwe cha mbali. Zimenezi, khalidwe la mphamvu ndi dzuwa la galimoto ndi. Tikumbukenso kuti injini psinjika (m'modzi ndipo olingana) zikhoza kukhala zosiyana kwambiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa imasiyanasiyana wa muyeso wa: kutentha, crankshaft liwiro, kuchuluka kwa mpweya polowera ku yamphamvu ya.

Choncho, mwachitsanzo, mafuta, ali ndi osalimba apamwamba, kukhuthala, psinjika ukuwonjezeka, wambirimbiri pa makoma a yamphamvu ndi, compressing zigawo zikuluzikulu okhudzidwa mu mipata. Owonjezera mafuta amene akulowa yamphamvu, ichi amatsuka kutali mafuta film, kotero psinjika kuti yafupika.

Mu muyeso wa psinjika choperekedwa zonenepa ndi kumakhaladi n'zotheka kudziwa zimayambitsa kuchepa mphamvu injini kapena "oipa" ndinathamangira. Mwachitsanzo, mu makina osiyanasiyana makilomita kuposa zana limodzi zikwi makumi asanu mkulu psinjika ingayambe mwa mapangidwe chidwi wosanjikiza coke pa makoma kuyaka chipinda. Zimenezi, kuchepetsa voliyumu ya M'mimbamo lapansi. Chifukwa cha ichi, motero, ndipo inachuluka psinjika.

Mlingo wa psinjika angathe kuyeza m'njira zosiyanasiyana.

Pamene lotseguka fulumizitsa anachita pazipita zotheka mpweya otaya mu injini. Zotsatira angachite kutayikira la zonenepa mpweya ndi mphete avale pamaso pa burnouts ming'alu, zimakhalapo pa mpanda wa pisitoni ndi yamphamvu ya, mavavu ndi zikuuluka ena.

Pamene fulumizitsa chatsekedwa, inu mukhoza kutenga zizindikiro n'ngolondoladi la mlingo wa psinjika. Pankhaniyi pali pang'ono mpweya wambiri. Choncho n'zotheka kuwerengera kutayikira akuwuka kuchokera mapindikidwe wa ndodo kapena vavu mpando avale.

Pamene injini kuyamba ndi zovuta, izo akulimbikitsidwa metering injini ndi ozizira. Mu psinjika izi n'chochepa kuposa pamene anayeza pa injini ndi lothentha. Childs, kayesedwe pa injini otentha ayenera idzachitika pa kutentha pafupifupi 80-90 madigiri. Ichi ndi chifukwa kuchepa mu kukhuthala ndi kuchepa mipata pakati pa mbali ikuyenda.