History Fakes

chinyengo cha ndalama nawo akadali kwa nthawi yaitali. chinyengo njira zosiyanasiyana: kotheka kuti chepetsa ndalamayo, kuchepetsa thupi lawo, kapena nkhani ya golide kapena ndalama zasiliva chopangidwa ndi zinthu zina TACHIMATA okha wosanjikiza zoonda, ndi kulanda ndalama kuchepetsa kuchuluka zitsulo zamtengo wapatali mu aloyi lapansi. zidule izi ntchito ndi scammers umodzi osati kokha, komanso anthu loyamba stran.No osiyana ngati zoberana yaing'ono anaphedwa ndi nkhanza anazunzidwa, ndiye palibe udindo waukulu ndi mbuye ang'onoang'ono sizinachitike chilango. Yabodza anaonekera pafupifupi imodzi ndi zikamera wa ndalama. Oyambirira kudziwika umboni wa zimenezi - mwala wa nsangalabwi mu mzinda Greek a Dima Peloponnese. Bwalolo pali V pachibwenzi chosema. BC. e., kuwauza za asanu amalonda amadya mkuwa kutulutsa ndalama zachinyengo ku mzinda wa kachisi, umene pambuyo pake anali kuti aphedwe. Agiriki chosema ziganizo umenewu zinthu komwe oipa anathawa. zipsera izi anapangidwa kuti kufunafuna akuba. Pa nthawi yomweyo, boma woyamba adakwatira debasement. Mafunde otsika ndalama za elekitironi - ndi aloyi a golide ndi siliva - siliva anawonjezera kwambiri kuposa chikufunika kuti chiwerengero cha kuchuluka kwa golide. Kale mu VI lapansi. BC. e. Kukhala ndalama ndi golide ndi siliva ❖ kuyanika, yemwe anali kutsogolera kapena mkuwa pachimake. Ukugwira minting ndalama Polycrates wa ku Samo (za 540- 522 BCE ...) - wolamulira wankhanza amene anali lodziwika bwino kuchenjerera koposa iye mwini. Sparta, anagonjetsa iye, analipira chopereka cha ndalama izi. Ngakhale siliva khobiri, ndalama yaikulu ya Roma, mu masiku ovuta anakhala subaeratnym. Panthawi imene Hannibal mbamuikha pa Rome mu Chachiwiri Punic nkhondo (218-201 gg. BC. E.), ndalama The anagwa kuchokera 4,55 kuti 3,88 Mu '87 BC. e. Icho chinakhazikitsidwa ndi boma akumeneko bungwe kulamulira khalidwe la ndalama amapangidwa mwa lamulo praetor Maria Gratsidiana. Chitsitsimutso cha counterfeiting anali mu Ages Middle ku Ulaya. zithunzi Plain ndi mawu ndalama ankachiritsa ndi njira yosavuta-embossing kwakukulu ntchito VIII poddelki.V ndondomeko. N. e. Mu malamulo oyambirira akale Wachifulanki boma kuti awalange achinyengo zochita zawo Atengedwa. Mu Germany, fraudsters amenewa anatsanulira osungunula kutsogolera mu pharynx, kapena yophika moyo kipyatke.Zakon anthu onse. Kodi wathunso ngakhale kugonana fairer - mu mzinda wa Lübeck 17 wazaka Margaret Grimm kwa nzeru zochepa yabodza thaler mu 1456 anaponya yamoyo moŵa wa smoloy.Falshivomonetchikov otentha mu UK womangiriridwa kwa kunyoza mzati, anang'amba kuchokera m'mphuno mwake ndi makutu. Mu 1430g. Mu France, mlandu Ndalama oletsedwa a mbadwa Ankhondo golide Giyom De Shangrila ndi Fransua De Ron anaphedwa mnyumba ya m'linga bailiffs wake wa mfumu, ndipo pasanathe mwezi umodzi tcheru ku alimbane asilikali a boma. Counterfeiting anali mwambo yaitali ndi Rusi.Suschestvovali "kuwala" khobidi, pewter kapena mkuwa "mbala" ndalama kudziŵitsa magwero XVI v.Bez masekeli kudziwa "kuwala" siliva ndalama otsika chitsanzo anali pafupi zosatheka. Mu 1611 pa malire a Novgorod ndi Karelia counterfeiting ndalama Russian Swedish chinkhoswe "peacekeepers." Iwo ankatchedwa "woonda korelkami" .In m'ma XVII., Ngakhale ngakhale chilango ovuta ntchito achinyengo, mu Moscow panali kwambiri malata ndi mkuwa "ndalama ya akuba." Kwenikweni, kugulitsa m'midzi akuzigawo, chifukwa ang'ono kulamulira ndalama oborota.V 1656 boma ankafuna khobiri mkuwa, zomwe anasangalala kufunika pakati anthu, kuchotsa siliva. Izi kwambiri ntchito ndondomeko zotsimikizira ndalama zachinyengo. Mutu wa Great Zachuma mbuye Ivan Miloslavsky, anakakamizika ndalama timbewu zamkuwa wake, umene anabweretsa kwa timbewu pamodzi ndi breech lapansi. Komanso akatulutsidwa akuba kravshih matendawa, natenga pamodzi nawo vzyatki.Sami antchito timbewu tonunkhira, kumulonjeza ndalama kwa mkuwa yake, wakwerapo zobisika chakudya. Pambuyo pa ulamuliro pa ulendo wawo wakhala omangika, mbuye anayamba mungaimitse kudzera mpanda ndalama amathandiza, kapena kungoti kumeza iwo. Mulimonsemo, ngakhale achinyengo ambiri aluso kuti wosakwatiwa analephera kuposa kukula kwa ntchito za boma, ngati akuyamba kuchita falsifikatsiey.Naprimer, pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, ndi zikuluzikulu falsification ankasakidwa nemtsy.Izgotovlyali yabodza British mapaundi awiri pepala zomera - imodzi inali mu Czech Sudetenland, ena mu Rhineland. alibenso anachita kanthu kupatula chinyengo chachikulu. Nazi anafuna ngakhale kwenikweni mudzaze dziko lapansi UK ngongole awa, kungowakhuthulira ku ndege.