Histoplasmosis - Ndi chiyani icho? Histoplasmosis: Zizindikiro, Matendawa, Chithandizo

Opatsirana, matenda makamaka mafangasi - si zachilendo ku dziko ano. mavuto ofanana anakumana ndi anthu amisinkhu, jenda ndi zinthu zina. Ndipo matenda ndithu yoopsa histoplasmosis.

Ndi chiyani icho? Kodi zizindikiro limodzi ndi? Zomwe mavuto kungachititse? ndi mankhwala zimene amapereka mankhwala amakono? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa adzakhala chidwi kuti owerenga ambiri. Ndipotu palibe chinsinsi chimene pafupifupi nthenda iliyonse ndi zosavuta kusamalira mu magawo oyambirira.

Histoplasmosis: ndichiyani?

M'mayiko ambiri odwala anakumana ndi matenda amenewa. Nanga histoplasmosis? Pomwepo ndi ofunika kuti ndi matenda a mafangasi imene tizilomboto amakhudza mononuclear phagocytes, kumvera chitetezo cha m'thupi. matenda mankhwala imatchedwanso ndi mawu akuti "reticuloendothelial tsitoplazmoz" ndi "matenda Wokondedwa Mulungu."

Dziwani kuti matenda ali bwino kwambiri yogawa lawolawo. Ku Central ndi South America komanso m'madera kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa United States analemba matenda zambiri. nthendayo anapezeka ku South-East Asia ndi Africa. Koma mu Canada, Russia ndi mayiko a ku Ulaya, matenda imatengedwa kawirikawiri ndithu - Zikatero analembedwa makamaka pakati alendo, amene nthaŵi yaitali m'mayiko pangozi. Ngakhale ngati kufalikira ka matenda mu Russia, wina aliyense amene awerenga adzakhala zothandiza kudziwa zimene kwenikweni histoplasmosis. Zizindikiro, njira za kufala, mawonekedwe ndi mbali ya matenda - ili ndi mfundo zofunika zimene zingakuthandizeni kuganiza kuti china chake chinalakwika ndi nthawi kuwona dotolo.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku, anthu monga matenda amapezeka kawiri nthawi. Komanso, ana sitichedwa ndi anthu ndi kachitidwe chofooka m'thupi (Dokotala kawiri zambiri milandu matenda).

Kufotokozera za tizilomboto ndipo limagwirira kufala

Pofuna kumvetsa zimene histoplasmosis, choyamba muyenera kudziwa zambiri za exciter ake. Iwo ndi dimorphic bowa Histoplasma capsulatum. nsalu zake mawonekedwe ndi ang'ono, peyala tating'ono chamoyo kapena anamaliza. Makulidwe musalumphe 2-4 microns. Mbali khalidwe la mtundu uwu ndi malo ake okhudza maselo ambiri - ambiri bowa kudutsa mu macrophages, maselo ndulu, chiwindi, lymph mfundo, etc. Histoplasmosis - .. Kodi matenda makamaka umakhudza chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi kapangidwe.

Tikumbukenso kuti tizilombo awa kugonjetsedwa kwambiri chilengedwe kunja, koma kupezeka kwa chinyezi ndi kutentha abwino akhoza kusunga luso moyo. Alikuwotha moto mpaka madigiri 55-60 kwa mphindi 45, chifukwa imfa ya zikhalidwe selo. Koma zotsatira za chloramine, phenol, bowa formalin ali wolimba - kuyamba kufa patapita mphindi 15-30 kuyambira kukhudzana.

Natural posungira wa bowa awa ndi nthaka amene zakhudzana ndi ndowe ndi ndowe za nyama yowola (kumene kungakhale buluu, agalu, amphaka, nkhuku). Mwachitsanzo, anasiya nyumba, mapanga, zitsime ndipo ngakhale conditioners mpweya kulenga wosangalala pa moyo wa tizilombo. Monga ulamuliro, matenda kumachitika mpweya, Mpweya fumbi anthu bowa. magulu pangozi omanga Anthuwa, alimi, alendo, Akatswiriwa, speleologists, ndi D. Direct kufala zotero. wolankhula ndi munthu amene ali kapena nyama zimawonedwa.

Kamodzi mundawo kupuma, mafangasi tizilombo kupeza njira minofu, kuchititsa kuwonongeka m'mapapo anati, komanso lymph mfundo dera. Komanso kafalitsidwe wa wothandizila tizilombo pamodzi ndi magazi kumabweretsa sensibilization wa chamoyo ndi kukula kwa antigens yeniyeni ndi ndiye - kukunda ziwalo zina (mwaonapo odwala onse).

Mawonekedwe zoyamba za matendawa

Pomwepo ndi ofunika kuti pali njira zosiyanasiyana kuti angasonyeze histoplasmosis. Kodi izo ndi zomwe makhalidwe ndi zosiyana pakati pa mitundu ya matenda?

Mwachitsanzo, malinga otaya ndi anachira pachimake ndi aakulu mawonekedwe a matenda. Mu zizindikiro pachimake histoplasmosis kuoneka mwadzidzidzi, matenda akufotokozera mofulumira. matenda aakulu M'malo mwake, stale, koma nthawi zambiri kumayambitsa inasinthiratu mu zimakhala ndi.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda amakhudza dongosolo kupuma, kuchititsa histoplasmosis akufotokozera mapapo. Komabe, n'zotheka ndi extrapulmonary. Makamaka, ndi ngozi ndithu dessiminirovanny histoplasmosis - mawonekedwe a matenda, amene kumakhudzanso mucous minofu, khungu, ziwalo ndi kuyambitsa mavuto ena kuphatikizapo nyamakazi, encephalitis, matenda a dongosolo mtima, etc ...

Pachimake m'mapapo mwanga histoplasmosis: Zizindikiro

Monga tanenera poyamba, mafangasi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kulowa mu thupi la munthu, pamodzi ndi fumbi respirable. N'chifukwa chake ambiri ndi histoplasmosis m'mapapo mwanga. Zizindikiro za kwakukulukulu zimadalira boma la chitetezo cha m'thupi la wodwalayo.

The ranges makulitsidwe nyengo kwa masiku 4 mpaka 30, ngakhale kuti ambiri mwa kutsegula matenda zimachitika pambuyo pa masiku 7-14 pambuyo inhalation ya bowa tizilombo. Kwa anthu ambiri, matenda ndi wofatsa, kuchititsa palibe kuswa. Nthawi zambiri odwala ali n'komwe matenda ake. Histoplasmosis akhoza limodzi ndi chifuwa pang'ono, chimfine ndi kuwuka yochepa kutentha. Zizindikiro kutha patapita masiku angapo, choncho amachita kusokonezedwa ndi chimfine.

Komabe, anthu ena odwala matenda ndi histoplasmosis kwambiri. Ndi chiyani icho? Izi mawonekedwe a matenda limodzi ndi kuwonongeka yapadera kwambiri. Choyamba pali malungo (kutentha thupi pafupipafupi limatuluka digiri 41), ndi ena zizindikiro zina poizoni, kuphatikizapo nseru, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba. Wodwala anadandaula za thukuta lolemera kuti alternates malungo amphamvu. Pali kufooka, mutu kwambiri, chifuwa ndi kupanga sputum, amene kuukira nthawi zambiri limodzi ndi ululu pachifuwa. Zizindikiro za matendawa akhoza zimachitika ndi arthralgia.

Patatha masiku angapo (nthawizina masabata) malungo chitadutsa, koma kutentha subfertility thupi anapitiriza. Odwala mu nthawi iyi kudandaula za kufooka kwambiri ndi kutopa, kusowa chilakolako mwadzidzidzi kuwonda.

Mawonekedwe aakulu a matenda

Popanda kuchitapo kanthu kapena zosayenera ikuchitika mankhwala odwala amatha kukhala histoplasmosis aakulu. Zizindikiro za matenda zambiri anangotengeka. Nthawi zina odwala ndi malungo wachete, Koma mwamsanga anabauka lokha. Komanso, makhalidwe ndi zingaphatikizepo chifuwa chosatha matenda omwe kaŵirikaŵiri limodzi ndi sputum, komanso kuchititsa mavuto kupuma.

Pali ena mavuto aakulu kwambiri amene amabwera chifukwa chochita histoplasmosis aakulu. X-ray chithunzi choperekedwa pamwambapa chimasonyeza kuti nthawi kusintha m'mapapo minofu. Kuyamba adzalowerera malo yotupa anapanga kuti ndikasendeza kapena kutha m'zaka fibrosis. Komanso, mawonekedwe a matenda ndi zinadzala ndi mapangidwe calcifications mu minofu ya m'mapapo. Tikumbukenso kuti histoplasmosis aakulu kawirikawiri pamodzi, matenda ena chimodzimodzi zoopsa, kuphatikizapo TB, khansa, sarcoidosis, reticulosis.

Mwatsoka, mawonekedwe a matenda ndi zovuta kuchiza. Childs, odwala zimafunika mobwerezabwereza maphunziro a mankhwala omwe amathandiza kupewa kusintha mu m'mapapo minofu ndi mavuto ena.

Desseminirovanny histoplasmosis

Izi mawonekedwe a matenda limodzi ndi zotupa yachiwiri ya machitidwe osiyanasiyana limba. Kodi desseminirovanny histoplasmosis? Zizindikiro mu magawo oyambirira ngati chimfine. Choyamba, kutentha thupi kukacha. Ndiye wodwalayo zizindikiro za kuledzera muyezo. Odwala amadandaula zopweteka ndi zofooka mu thupi, mutu kwambiri, nseru, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba, kutopa, kuzizira. Komanso, pali chinawonjezeka thukuta.

Ndi wamba khungu histoplasmosis. Mmenemonso amakhudza minofu cutaneous, amene anatsagana ndi zizindikiro zina. Kodi izo zikuwoneka ngati histoplasmosis? Photo limasonyeza kuti odwala ndi totupa wa kusinthasintha kwambiri. Izi zikhoza kukhala erythema, hemorrhagic kapena maculopapular totupa, ndipo nthawizina abrasions.

Pali mitundu ina ya matenda. Nthawi zambiri, ntchito yofunika zotsatira tizilombo tizilombo mu chitukuko cha minofu subcutaneous abscess, anam'peza stomatitis, pharyngitis, yatsoka zilonda pa akumaliseche kwa. Histoplasmosis maso limodzi ndi chotupa cha conjunctiva ndi zambiri kumayambitsa mavuto oopsa ndi imfa ya masomphenya.

Pali mavuto ena, imene imakhudza mawonekedwe matenda. Zina ndi monga mndandanda peritonitis, horioidity, pericarditis, lymphadenopathy, matenda endocarditis, anam'peza matenda a m'matumbo, kakhosi, encephalitis ndi zina zotero. D.

Matenda histoplasmosis dessiminirovanny atuluka sluggishly zambiri - zizindikiro kuledzera ndi pafupifupi kwina ndi odwala kupita kwa dokotala ngakhale pamaso pa zotupa za dongosolo makamaka limba. Komabe, pafupifupi nkhani iliyonse matenda amenewa kumabweretsa mavuto aakulu.

Zochita za matenda ana ndi anthu wofooka chitetezo

Ngakhale odwala pang'ono nawonso amakumana ndi matenda lotchedwa histoplasmosis. Zizindikiro ana ndi khalidwe ndithu. Choyamba pali kutentha - kutentha thupi limatuluka pafupifupi 38-39 madigiri. Komanso, Tingaone pallor, matenda a chikasu ndiyo ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale khungu, amene amagwirizana ndi matenda ena mu chiwindi. Makolo ena ananenanso maonekedwe a mwana wawo ndi m'mimba m'malo chosangalatsa fungo. Kupenda mwina kudziŵika ndi kuwonjezeka mu kukula kwa ndulu ndi chiwindi.

Nthawi zambiri, matenda ndi pa ana dessiminirovannomu mtundu. N'chimodzimodzinso odwala ndi chitetezo wofooka: ali ndi matenda amapezeka kwambiri, choncho mankhwala n'kofunika.

Tiyenera amatchulanso za anthu ndi HIV, chifukwa chitetezo cha m'thupi odwala awa amakhala wofooka kwambiri. Popeza mankhwala onse umatha ndi imfa pafupifupi 80% ya milandu. Koma pamene bwino limakhala chithandizo, chithunzi ichi akutsikira 15%. Mwatsoka, odwala matenda ndi AIDS, inu sangawapulumutse - imfa mu gulu la odwala ndi 100%, ngakhale mlingo waukulu wa mankhwala mwina kuchilango zisadzachitikenso m'tsogolo. Ndicho chifukwa chake ife tiganizire odwala ndi matenda a mafangasi ndi analimbikitsanso ayesedwe kwa HIV.

njira zamakono za matenda

Mwakucimbidza ayenera kuti yekha dokotala pambuyo bwinobwino akhoza kudziwa histoplasmosis mtima. Matenda a matenda - njira yaitali. Research imatsogoleredwa osati kudziwa tizilomboto, komanso kuti aone kuwonongeka chifukwa cha thupi matenda.

matenda zikutsimikiziridwa pambuyo kudzipatula kwa kupsyinjika zitsanzo Histoplasma capsulatum. Yoganizira za sputum abwino airway, ndi washings bronchial. Pamene desseminirovannoy kupanga nthumwi causative angathe kuonedwa mu magazi, ndowe, mkodzo, cerebrospinal madzimadzi zili abscesses. bacteriological inoculation sing'anga chikhalidwe ikuchitika zasayansi.

Mu zina, biopsy wa mwanabele kapena bronchi, komanso minofu zitsanzo zosankhidwazi zilonda pakhungu m'mbali - yotsatira zitsanzo apo amenable kuti Kupenda histological.

Izi si njira zonse zimene mungapeze histoplasmosis. Matendawa kumafuna kuchita zochita serotologicheskih, komanso ndi intradermal mayeso ndi histoplasmin.

Komanso, mawaya ndi kafukufuku ena kuthandiza kupeza mkhalidwe wa thupi. Mwachitsanzo, bokosi X-ray kumakupatsani mwayi kuona infiltrates lalikulu ndi sredneochagovye, ndiwo khalidwe la siteji pachimake cha matenda.

mankhwala a matenda

Kodi ngati mwapeza histoplasmosis? Chithandizo Pankhaniyi kusintha payekha. Zofunika! Palibe musanyalanyaze malangizo a dokotala kapena kukana chithandizo, ngati angakhale ndi zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri.

Kusankha chithandizo kumatengera zifukwa zambiri. Nkhani kufunika kutenga zovuta matenda, mawonekedwe ake, mlingo wa kuwonongeka ziwalo zosiyanasiyana, m'badwo wodwala, boma la dongosolo lake m'thupi, ndi zina zotero. D.

Histoplasmosis wofatsa zikuwonjezera zolimbitsa sikutanthauza ntchito wothandizila antifungal, amene adzilekanitsa okha ndi poizoni ndithu. Childs, mu Zikatero, odwala amalangiza bedi zina, kudya bwino, kumwa wambiri madzi. Mawaya ndi mankhwala symptomatic, awa angathe kukhala kulandira nthumwi antipyretic, maofesi vitamini, mankhwala.

Zikavuta kwambiri, mankhwala antifungal n'kofunika. Chifukwa chaichi, mankhwala osiyanasiyana ntchito. . Ogwira kwambiri mankhwala ngati "Ketoconazole", "Itraconazole" Amphoglucaminum "" Amphotericin B " chithandizo Symptomatic mankhwala ayenera kukhala wotsutsa-yotupa ntchito pamaso pa zotupa pa khungu kapena maso, kawirikawiri - .. Corticosteroids ngati kuwala woyamba amadwala matenda, wodwalayo Kwalamulidwa wapadera inhalation mankhwala kumathandiza kusintha minofu ndi kuti magawowa kupuma wodwalayo.

Mu mavuto aakulu ndi zina pamafunika alowererepo opaleshoni, kuchotsa lymph kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino makamaka ndi abscess wolimba, pericardial puncture, mavavu apulasitiki mtima (ngati nthenda amakhudza mtima minofu), resection m'mapapo mwanga mu mavuto aakulu ndi T. D.

Akuti mavuto aakulu ndi nthawi anayambitsa ndi molondola imachitika chithandizo n'zochepa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri odwala ndi chitetezo kwambiri kusweka. Kwa anthu ambiri, ndi odziŵa za nyengo - histoplasmosis zosavuta mankhwala, ndi zizindikiro zokha mwachilungamo msanga.

Kodi pali miyeso ogwira njira?

Lero, ambiri amachita chidwi ndi nkhani imene histoplasmosis. Zizindikiro ndi mankhwala, zosokonezeka kuthekera - izi ndi zofunika kwambiri. Komano, odwala amakonda kufunsa mafunso ngati ife m'njira inayake kuteteza isanayambike matenda.

Mwatsoka, kupewa zenizeni za matenda si - chibwenzi, palibe katemera ndi mankhwala ena. Histoplasmosis mapapo, komanso mtundu wina uliwonse wa matenda, ndi oopsa kwambiri. Choncho, nkofunika kusamalitsa ndi malamulo a ukhondo.

Mwachitsanzo, pomanga ndi dziko lapansi zosamalira kuganizira za chitetezo pa mundawo kupuma mothandizidwa ndi masks, respirators, ndi zina zotero. D. N'chimodzimodzinso ogwira nkhuku ndi mabungwe ena ulimi. Tisaiwale kuti asambe zipatso, makamaka pa nkhani ya mankhwala kunja kwa m'mayiko matenda izi imafalira.

Malamulo omwewo zimagwilanso nchito kwa alendo. Pamaso pa impairments ena ayenera posachedwapa kuwona dotolo, chifukwa chithandizo mwamsanga ndi anayamba, m'munsi mosavuta mavuto zosasangalatsa.

Histoplasmosis nyama ndi zochititsa

Sikuti munthu anakhudzidwa ndi matenda izi. Ku matenda zambiri amavutika nyama, ndi monga zimachitika kuthengo ndi ziweto kuŵetedwa. Mwakucimbidza ayenera kuti kufala kwa nthumwi causative mu mwachindunji kukhudzana ndi nyama sizotheka, monga bowa ndi allocated kwa malo kunja ndi ndowe. Mnthawi chithandizo cha chiwetocho muyenera amatsatira malamulo a ukhondo (makamaka ana).

Kubwerezanso chithunzi matenda a matenda tinganene kuti akuluakulu a banja mphaka. Kotero izo zikuwoneka ngati histoplasmosis mu amphaka? Zizindikiro za izo Sizotheka kuzindikira kuchokera tsiku loyamba.

Childs, malungo limapezeka koyamba. Pet amakhala ofooka, nthawi zambiri amagona, amasuntha pang'ono. Monga matenda zingaoneke kuwonongeka kwa kudya, kusanza, mwachilungamo mofulumira kuwonda. Nthawi zambiri, nyama anayamba anorexia, zomwe zina pamafunika mankhwala owonjezera.

Pali ena zizindikiro zina. Makamaka, zingakhale wodziwika lymphadenopathy, pallor a nembanemba wa mucous, kupuma mavuto yatsoka ndi mawu nthenda ku mapapo. Nthawi zina, nyama odwala komanso amadwala madzi m'thupi. Kuwaona vetenale mungaone kuwonjezeka mu chiwindi. Komabe, matenda okhazikika zitha anapangidwa pambuyo mayesero zasayansi pamene kufesa mu zikhalidwe anapeza bowa izi.

nyama Komanso mawonekedwe desseminirovannaya, omwe kawirikawiri anaonetsa khungu, maso, ulceration wa nembanemba wa mucous, kusokonezeka ziwalo mkati.

Histoplasmosis mu amphaka ankachitira ndi mankhwala antifungal. Makamaka, amaona kuti imathandiza, "Ketoconazole" ndi "Itraconazole". Nthawi zina, muyenera zina regenerative mankhwala, makamaka ku maziko a matenda ndi mavuto aakulu ndi chakudya. Kuti madokotala ananena zawo ambiri Pet-wochezeka, makamaka ngati nyama zapatsidwa nthawi kuthandiza. Koma, mwatsoka, mu masiteji kutsogoloku histoplasmosis ovuta kuchiza - musabise ndi maonekedwe a mavuto mu mawonekedwe a pathologies za m'mimba dongosolo, mtima, ubongo.