Free malonda kapena protectionism?

The malamulo a za malonda yakhala kusamvetsetsa, anthu chidwi kwambiri malangizo lotsatira. N'chifukwa chiyani anthu States kuti adzalandira zinthu zikuluzikulu, osauka mu maso awo, pamene ena, amene ali yekha anthu ogwira ntchito, ndipo ndinakulira wolemera, ndi kusala. Funso limeneli la zovuta kwambiri, koma pa nthawi yomweyo, mavuto chidwi pa chuma padziko lonse. Mwa madera kafukufuku wa chuma inakhazikitsidwa - protectionism ndi malonda kwaulere. Free malonda amalimbikitsa kukangana zana Kapangidwe ka imports ndi zogulitsa kunja ayenera kuumba msika. Koma kumbali ya protectionism amakhulupirira kuti boma ayenera kuteteza alimi zoweta ku mpikisano yachilendo alowererepo.

Free malonda - ndi mfundo wothandiza nzeru katundu ndi ntchito pakati pa mayiko, anamasulidwa ngati kuli kotheka kwa ntchito miyambo tariff ndi zotchinga sanali tariff. Chuma padziko lonse, ngakhale kuti akhoza kufika Kugawilidwa kwanthaka nchito ya zinthu zake, mkulu mlingo wa kuyamikira chuma udindo kwa malonda kwaulere. Koma, koma, free malonda polimbana ndi nambala yaikulu mavuto:

- m'pofunika kuonetsetsa chitetezo. Zotsatira ngakhale amatanthauza zambiri kwa moyo zankhondo ndiponso zandale, koma mfundo imeneyi n'kofunika kuchita bwino pa mbali zachuma. Pankhaniyi, makampani omwe chikugwirizana ndi chitetezo dziko, mothandizidwa ndi boma. Ndipo uyu, nayenso, ndi chifukwa chachikulu chimene, pofuna kuteteza ena mafakitale zoweta. zodabwitsazi kumatanthauza zachuma ndi chikhalidwe mtengo waukulu, umene mokwanira zifukwa chinthu monga kufunika kuti chitetezo cha dziko.

- ayenera kuwonjezera ntchito zapakhomo. Pamene iwo amati mbali zambiri protectionism, ndi oyamba ake a ntchito yatsopano analengedwa, pamene ufulu wochita malonda zingachititse kuti ulova. Koma ndithu, free malonda amasintha kokhako ntchito ndipo sayambitsa kuti kuotcha. Komabe, free malonda akhoza kuchepetsa kufunika kwa mankhwala ena opanga m'banja, ndipo izi zimabweretsa ulova mu makampani. Resources n'zochepa ndi chuma mokwanira ntchito, koma kukhala sizikugwiridwa. M'pofunika kuchita chabwino zachuma ndi ndalama ndondomeko.

- m'pofunika kusiyanitsa chifukwa cha ntchito khola. zopinga Trade kungakhale kofunika kwa osiyana, okhoza kuteteza chuma zoweta kuyamba zilibe kulimbikitsa andale zinthu padziko lonse. Kumathandiza kuti osiyana kupanga kuchepa kunja kwa dzikoli, iwo amaonetsetsa mtendere wa dziko. Koma ndalama zachuma komanso inefficient ndi yaikulu.

- m'pofunika kuteteza m'mafakitale wamng'ono yemwe sankakhoza angafike pamlingo zachuma. Mu nkhani iyi, amatetezera kwa mpikisano, zomwe mwina kuwonjezera ku mayiko ena.

- muyenera kutsatira yachilendo ntchito wotchipa mphamvu. Ambiri anganene kuti kudzera mwa protectionism akhoza kuteteza ogwira ntchito zapakhomo ndipo Makampani ku mpikisano, umene umabwera kuchokera kumbali zonse, imene malipiro ndi apamwamba kwambiri. Ngati inu savomereza zopinga kuti antchito zoweta angalandire yomweyo malipiro otsika monga ogwira ntchito amene ntchito m'dziko wochepa otukuka.

Nthawi zambiri, akuti ufulu wochita malonda zikutanthauza malangizo zingapo:

- kusintha kwa moyo wa amitundu, kumene applicable mayiko specialization kupanga;

- kuwongolera mankhwala chifukwa cha kukula kwa mpikisano mayiko;

- kukhathamiritsa wa gwero ndondomeko Kugawilidwa kwanthaka;

- patsogolo nkhani ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana komanso anthu ambiri yopanga katundu.