Fashion makampani: mbiri ndi magawo a chitukuko

mbiri Fashion wolemera kwambiri ndi kusangalatsa: kalelo anali atabwera kale ndi Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana zovala, kupanga zinthu zatsopano, zinthu zatsopano adaonjezeredwa ku tsitsi Chalk, zokongoletsera pa khosi, manja ndi makutu. Mosakayikira, kachitidwe ndi chidwi wokongola theka la anthu, koma amuna chokani kwa izo. Choncho, osiyanasiyana mankhwala mafashoni zikuchulukirachulukira chaka chilichonse, ndipo makampani mafashoni ali ndi adzapitiriza ntchito anthu.

M'mawonekedwe ngati chodabwitsa ndi

Amadziwika kuti mafashoni ndi chimodzi mwa zochitika za makhalidwe Cholinga kukwaniritsa zofuna zokongoletsa za anthu. A zinthu zapamwamba, nayenso okha kusonyeza chuma chawo mwini wake.

M'mawonekedwe ngati chodabwitsa wina anafotokoza kuti m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri, pamene mawu akuti "kusalola" anaonekera. Malinga ndi American Thorstein Veblen ndi German Georga Zimmelya, makampani mafashoni poyamba anafuna kuti olekanitsidwa misa okwana osankhika, amene nthawi zonse amayesetsa kukhala osiyana ndi anthu wamba. Choncho zochita onse atsopano amapezeka pakati kalasi chapamwamba, ndi pakati ndipo m'munsi strata la anthu akuyesera kuti atsanzire ndi stratum osankhika ndi kutsatira ake luso lililonse. M'mawu ena, mumaganiza mafashoni "kutayikira" kuchokera pamwamba pansi, ndi apitirira Kukhala novelties, kudutsa mu gulu la "katundu". Pamenepo muyenera kulenga chinthu chatsopano ndipo kwamakono kwa osankhika akadali anaima. The ndondomeko otchedwa "mkombero wa mowa loonetsa" imene sasiya.

kachitidwe kamakono

Pakali pano, ndi stratum kalasi pafupifupi achotsa anthu, koma kachitidwe cholinga akanali yemweyo - kutsindika munthu kukhala m'gulu makamaka chikhalidwe. Modern mafashoni mafakitale amalenga zinthu m'madera monga mnyamata mafashoni, street, ofesi ndi zina. Komanso, munthu aliyense angathe kukatenga zovala, amene ali nayo njira kudzinenera zakukhosi. Zokometsera yapamwamba ndi wotsogola, inu mukhoza kuima pa gululo ndi kuonetsa ena pamaso pa kukoma ndi payekha.

Pa mfundo imeneyi, mapeto kuti zinthu yapamwamba ndi okhawo kuti wamatama wasonyeza.

mankhwala yapamwamba

Mwa onse mafakitale katundu mafakitale kachitidwe amaphatikizapo okhawo omwe amaonedwa yapamwamba ndi zosoŵa lenileni la munthuyo. Njirazi ndi monga:

• zovala,
• Chalk munthu (zikwama zam'manja, zipewa, ulonda, malamba, masokosi, magolovesi, etc.)
• zodzoladzola ndi popanga mafutawa,
• zodzikongoletsera (miyala yamtengo wapatali ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali)
• katundu m'nyumba (mbale, zofunda, linens, makalapeti).

Kupanga zonse za pamwamba wakhala zina gawo la chuma - otchedwa "mafashoni mafakitale". gawo Izi zikuphatikizapo kupanga ndi kugulitsa katundu. Pali zingapo zokhudza makampani kuwala, makamaka nsalu, tsitsi okonzera, perefyumu, komanso mawerengeredwe. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti nthawi chiwerengero cha mankhwala mafashoni pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezeka.

Trends mu dziko mafashoni

Ngati kale kuti zinthu yapamwamba nkhawa katundu yekha kwa theka wokongola wa umunthu, azimuth izi refracted mu zaka mazana makumi awiri, ndipo adakhudza amuna mafashoni kwambiri.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, kachitidwe-makampani chikuwonjezeka osiyanasiyana mankhwala yapamwamba chifukwa chakuti moyo zasintha ndi kukhala pagulu. Mwachitsanzo, kuchapa wathu agogo aakazi sankafuna ngofunika kwambiri, komanso kudya. Tsopano ambiri a ife akupezeka m'masitolo a chakudya ndi detergent mankhwala. Chifukwa cha - mankhwala mafashoni zikuphatikizapo pafupifupi mbali zonse za mowa munthu, kuphatikizapo zakumwa, magalimoto, njinga zamoto, mipando, malo ndi zina zotero.

Siteji ya chitukuko cha mafakitale kachitidwe

magawo angapo osiyana chitukuko chimene chinachitika makampani mafashoni. Mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi panalibe malangizo amenewa, ngakhale mfundo mafashoni anali. Kuyambira ndi 1890 kuyambira zovala ndi Chalk opanga, imene tochepa kwasanduka weniweni kupanga zikuluzikulu. Yopangidwa mafashoni magazini, kumene iwo analankhula za zinthu kwamakono amene nthawi zambiri chobvalidwa mu dziko osankhika.

Mu 50s wa m'zaka zapitazi walunjika mowa misa, choncho, kunali koyenera kulosera mafashoni chodabwitsa. Panali Makampani kuti amakhazikika mu kusanthula zaluso dziko akavalidwe mafashoni. Zikuluzikulu yopanga zovala zamakono kuti zonena zawo -. Kusankha pa zogula chochuluka, kupanga, etc. Chifukwa, opanga zinthu okonzeka zopangidwa kale ankadalira osati pa "fictions" zovala, komanso opanga zopangira. Kenako, azimuth ndi yotani dongosolo.

mafashoni nthambi

Kuyambira 60s zaka mazana makumi awiri, pali kusintha kwenikweni - mafashoni (mmaonekedwe) unagawidwa nthambi ziwiri: "Haute Couture 'ndi' wokonzeka ndi avale." Nthawi imeneyi, ife wabweza kutchukitsa okonza dziko monga Mkhristu Dior, Yuber Zhivanshi, Yves Sen Loran, Koko Shanel ndi ena.

Mu zaka 90 mu malo makonzedwe akuti 'zipani', kutanthauza pakalibe yunifolomu kalembedwe ndi kudzipereka kwa onongani angapo a madera osiyana. Kusintha mlingo pa zimene zinthu zatsopano kuonekera. Limodzi ndi mwanjira imeneyi "mphamvu" T. E. Luso kugula zinthu zapamwamba anaonekera osati anthu olemera komanso achinyamata yosavuta. Stylists mulibe kukopa mumalamulira mafashoni, mabodza ambiri chinkhoswe mu zopangidwa odziwika.

Tikumbukenso kuti ngati lisanathe m'ma XX makampani mafashoni anakhudzidwa yekha Europe, m'zaka za m'ma 21, mafashoni wakhala lonse, ndipo okonza ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana amapereka malingaliro awo. Monga lero, tiyenera kukhala mphamvu yaikulu zikhalidwe Asian, ndipo izi zimaonekera mankhwala ogula.