Elephant - ndi yaikulu m'dziko nyama pa dziko. Kufotokozera ndi zithunzi za nyama

Elephant - ndi yaikulu m'dziko nyama padziko lapansi. Zimphona kwa ana aang'ono zimativutitsa maganizo abwino. Anthu ambiri amakhulupirira kuti njovu wanzeru ndi bata. Ndipo zikhalidwe zambiri njovu - chizindikiro cha chimwemwe, mtendere ndi chitonthozo.

mitundu ya njovu

Masiku ano m'dziko la pali mitundu itatu ya njovu amene ali mitundu iwiri.

njovu African anawagawira mu mitundu iwiri:

• chitsamba njovu African - nyama ya kukula yaikulu, ndi mtundu mdima, tusks bwino anayamba ndi zokhudzana awiri yaing'ono yomwe ili kumapeto kwa thunthu. Akhalemo anthu a mitundu pamodzi ndi equator m'dera a mu Africa;
• njovu nkhalango ali ndi kuwonjezeka ochepa (kwa 2.5 m) ndi mawonekedwe anamaliza a makutu. mitundu izi zimapezeka mu nkhalango zotentha za Africa. mitundu izi, ndi njira, nthawi zambiri interbreed ndi kutulutsa yotheka mbewu.

Indian njovu n'chochepa kwambiri kuposa African, koma ali ndi kukula kwa thupi wamphamvu ndi miyendo yakusatetezeka yochepa. Mtundu zingakhale za imvi mdima kuti bulauni. nyama zimenezi yaing'ono auricles quadrangular ndi mafuta wina kumapeto kwa thunthu. Indian njovu - nyama, wamba mu nkhalango otentha la China ndi India, Laos ndi Thailand, Vietnam, Bangladesh ndi Indonesia.

Kufotokozera njovu

Malinga mitundu, njovu kutalika pa zinafota ndi ranges ku mamita 2 mpaka 4. njovu kulemera zimasiyanasiyana tonnes 3 mpaka 7. njovu African (makamaka m'tchire) zina kulemera matani 12. Wamphamvu ameneyu thupi chimphona ataphimbidwa ndi khungu lakuda (makulidwe 2.5 cm) imvi kapena zofiirira ndi makwinya kwambiri. njovu Young amabadwa ndi ochepa bristles coarse, pamene akuluakulu pang'ono zomera.

Mutu waukulu njovu ndi makutu chachikulu floppy, amene ndi lalikulu lamkati pamwamba. Pa m'munsi iwo ndi wandiweyani, ndipo uli pafupi m'mbali - woonda. Makutu njovu yang'anira kutentha ndi kuzizira. Fanning iwo, nyama akamazizira thupi yekha.

Elephant - nyama kuti ali ndi mawu m'malo achilendo. Zida kuti mabuku munthu wamkulu, wotchedwa nkhumba, Mwachitsanzo, kunong'ona ndi kubangula. The moyo wa njovu m'chilengedwe - 70 zaka. Mu ukapolo, nthawi imeneyi akhoza anawonjezera zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri.

thunthu

Elephant - chinyama chomwe chili ndi thupi wapadera. Njovu kufika kutalika za wina ndi mamita theka ndi kulemera kwake ndi za zana ndi makumi asanu pogwiritsa. thupi ili aumbike mwa mphuno ndi mlomo chapamwamba coalesced. Oposa 100,000 a minofu ndi tendons, kupanga izo kugawa amphamvu.

Makolo a njovu imene inkakhala ku dziko lapansi mu akutali kale, ankakhala mu zithaphwi. Iwo anali ochepa thunthu-ndondomeko, amene analola nyama kupuma pansi pa madzi pa ulimi chakudya. Kwa zaka mamiliyoni zamoyo wa njovu anasiya marshlands awonjezera kwambiri mu kukula, motero, thunthu njovu ali ndinazolowera zikhalidwe latsopano.

Snouted nyama Amakweza yokoka plucks nthochi yowutsa mudyo ndi mitengo ya kanjedza ndi kuwatuma mkamwa mwake, akutunga madzi amatunga ndi kukhuta shawa zotsitsimutsa mu kutentha, limatulutsa mokweza lipenga phokoso chikununkha, akumvera.

N'zosadabwitsa kuti njovu thunthu - ndi chida mosalekeza kuti ndi kovuta kudziwa kugwiritsa ntchito njovu yaing'ono, nthawi zambiri achinyamata, ngakhale pakupita pa Zikuluzikulu ake. Amayi-Njovu moleza mtima kwambiri kwa miyezi ingapo kuphunzitsa achinyamata awo kugwiritsa ntchito luso limeneli choncho m'pofunika "mafuta."

mapazi

Mfundo zodabwitsa, koma mapazi a Njovu ndi kneecaps awiri. Mlatho zachilendo anapanga nyama chimphona okha amene sangathe kudumpha. Pakati pa phazi ndi mafuta Pad, amene kumayambira pa sitepe iliyonse. Zikomo kwa iye, nyama zamphamvu angachititse pafupifupi mwakachetechete.

mchira

Mchira njovu ali pafupifupi yofanana kutalika miyendo kunsana. Pa nsonga kwambiri mchira ndi mtolo wa tsitsi coarse. Ndi maburashi ngati njovu amawateteza tizilombo.

Kufalitsa ndi moyo

njovu Africa katswiri pafupifupi dera lonse la Africa: Senegal ndi Namibia, Zimbabwe ndi Kenny, Zambia ndi Republic of Guinea, South Africa ndi Sudan. Amazing, iwo kuona Somalia ndi Zambia. Zambiri za anthu amakhala mu Parks National: maboma kotero African kuteteza nyama zimenezi kwa anthu opha nyama.

Njovu angakhale mu magawo ndi malo aliwonse, koma m'dera la chipululu ndi wandiweyani nkhalango zotentha amamuchititsa kupewa ankaona ndi savannah.

Indian njovu moyo makamaka kumpoto-kum'mawa India, China, Thailand, pachilumba cha Sri Lanka. Nyama zopezeka Myanmar, Vietnam, Laos, Malaysia. Mosiyana ndi anzawo African, iwo amakonda amenewa alili, kusankha zitsamba wandiweyani ndi m'nkhalango nsungwi.

Elephants moyo m'chigulu imene anthu onse zogwirizana ndi mataye zimakhalira. nyama zimenezi kupatsa moni wina ndi mzake, olimbikitsa kusamalira ana, ndi konse gulu.

Chinthu china chodabwitsa nyama zikuluzikulu - amadziwa kuseka. Elephant - nyama zomwe, ngakhale kukula kwake, ndi kusambira wabwino. Komanso njovu kwambiri amakonda mankhwala madzi. Pa dziko amasuntha pa liwiro pafupifupi (mpaka makilomita asanu pa ora). Pamene akuthamanga kwa mtunda waufupi, chithunzi ichi kumawonjezera kuti makilomita makumi asanu pa ora.

Mphamvu njovu m'chilengedwe

Akatswiri ofufuza amanena kuti pafupifupi maola khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi njovu tsiku kuthera mayamwidwe chakudya. Panthawi imeneyi iwo kudya kuti makilogalamu 300 zomera zosiyanasiyana. Elephant ndi zosangalatsa imadya udzu wobiriwira (kuphatikizapo amtunduwu, cattail mu Africa), makungwa komanso masamba a mitengo (mwachitsanzo, ficus ku India), mizu, zipatso za maapozi zakutchire, nthochi, marula ndipo ngakhale khofi. Sizilowana ndi njovu ndipo m'minda ya zaulimi, kupulula kuwonongeka ndithu. Izi likukhudza kwambiri choyamba kubadwa kwa mbewu mbatata, chimanga ndi mbewu zina zambiri.

Elephants kufunafuna chakudya mothandizidwa ndi tusks ndi thunthu, ndi kutafuna pa molars wake, amene zimasintha stitching lapansi. Kumalo osungira njovu ndi zambiri osiyanasiyana zakudya: iwo kudyetsedwa ndi udzu ndi zitsamba, kupereka zipatso ndi masamba osiyana. Makamaka wofunitsitsa iwo kudya maapulo ndi mapeyala, kabichi, kaloti ndi Beets ndi kutikonda kwambiri regale mavwende.

Akuluakulu kumwa madzi ambiri - mpaka malita 300 patsiku, motero amayesetsa ali pafupi madzi.