Dongosolo mphezi chitetezo: kapangidwe ndi unsembe

Mphezi, amene imagwera pa nyengo structural nyumba limodzi ndi zolepheretsa chikoka mu atomu. Zimenezi, zoipa zokhudza ntchito kwa zida zamagetsi. Kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa ochititsa chingwe ndi kuchepetsa Mwina wa kumenya chinthu mlandu amphamvu zimathandiza kamangidwe ka machitidwe mphezi chitetezo.

kapangidwe

Mphezi Ndodo - chabe muyeso zoteteza kuti zipangitsa ntchito otetezeka maofesi, amakhala thanzi ndi moyo wa anthu ogwira ntchito, anyantchoche pa mavuto aakulu amene masoka achilengedwe. kachitidwe mphezi chitetezo zigwirizana otsatirawa pali mfundo:

• Wolandila kumaliseche.
• A wokhometsa.
• The grounding dera.

mitundu ya Protection mphezi

Tsopano kuonetsetsa udakali chabe dongosolo mphezi chitetezo. Traditional - chabe chimake zikuphatikizapo kumaliseche wolandila amafotokozera ndi wokhometsa grounding. Mfundo ntchito m'njira imeneyi ndi wosavuta. Mphezi ndodo amadzisankhira mphezi sitalaka ndipo kenako amatumiza pansi kupyola conductive njira wokhometsa. Pomaliza, kumaliseche kwa chimatha mu nthaka.

Nayenso yolimbikira dongosolo mphezi chitetezo ntchito mfundo ya mpweya ionization. Chifukwa amenewa ndi kumaliseche kudutsana amapezeka. Yogwira dongosolo mphezi chitetezo imakhala mbali mofanana chabe. Komabe, osiyanasiyana awo ndi yokulirapo nufikira 100 meters. Apa, chitetezo si chinthu, amene ali wokwera zinthu za dongosolo, komanso nyumba pafupi.

Yogwira mphezi chitetezo ndi mogwira mtima kwambiri. N'zosadabwitsa kuti mwina zimenezi adalipo ogwiritsa ntchito m'mayiko ambiri otukuka. Komabe, mtengo wa mfundo zimenezi ndi apamwamba kwambiri.

Embodiments a kumaliseche amalandira

Muyezo polniepriemnik ndi ochiritsira zitsulo pini imene yaikidwa mu malo ofukula pa dongosolo chotsekeracho. Nkofunikira kuti tiyike zinthu Kumwambamwamba mfundo lotseguka denga. Ngati nyumba ali ndi zovuta denga kamangidwe, mwa mawu a chitetezo bwino, Ndi bwino kuika angapo kumaliseche amalandira.

Sankhani yeniyeni ndodo embodiments mphezi, lomwe kusiyana malinga ndi chimake cha:

• Chikwapu chitetezo.
• Zitsulo chingwe.
• Mphezi chitetezo mauna.

chikwapu chitetezo

Ngati nyumba ali ndi zitsulo denga, zimene zinachitikira njira yoyenera zikuwoneka khazikitsa pini dongosolo mphezi chitetezo. Kuuluka kwa kumaliseche wolandila mu mawonekedwe a ndodo muyezo zitsulo nazo ndi lokwezeka. Last olumikizidwa kwa pansi kupyolera okhometsa.

Chitetezo pini zingakhalepo mu mawonekedwe a wozungulira zitsulo ndodo gawo la osachepera 8 mamilimita kapena Mzere wa gawo zitsulo 25 ndi magawo × 4. kutalika kumaliseche ndi kulandira membala akhale ngati kuti mapeto ake towered pamwamba pa okwera chinthu mfundo pafupifupi 2 mamita.

Kutalika kwa chikhomo malo likukhudza luso la chitetezo mphezi ndi grounding dongosolo chitetezo kumaliseche chiwonongeko cha m'madera ambiri. Area, amene angateteze interdigital mphezi wochititsa limanenedwa ngati bwalo ndi utali wozungulira zofanana ndi msinkhu wa ndodo.

chingwe chitetezo

Pamaso pa denga yokutidwa ndi denga slate, mphezi wolandila imagwiridwa mu mawonekedwe a chingwe zitsulo. Last Chikoka pamodzi lokwera denga la nyumba. Kutalika kwa malo ake ayenera kukhala mamita osachepera 0.5 kuchokera pamwamba.

Ngati kuli koyenera kuti alenge chitetezo yodalirika chifukwa chingwe mavuto ntchito zachitsulo zogwiriziza, omwe amakhala ku kumaliseche wolandila. Njira imeneyi ndi applicable chifukwa zomangamanga madenga matabwa ndi madenga mu mawonekedwe a matailosi ceramic.

thumba chitetezo

njira amachita ngati ovuta kwambiri kuzitsatira. Kawirikawiri ntchito madenga yokutidwa ndi matailosi. kumaliseche wolandila mu nkhani iyi ndi sefa anaika pa dongosolo chotsekeracho. The-gawo mtanda ochititsa magetsi mu nkhani iyi ayenera kukhala osachepera 6 mm, ndi mamvekedwe a maselo - dongosolo la 6 × 6 m.

Kachitidwe ankaona chikugwirizana ndi wokhometsa ndi nthaka amafotokozera ndi kuwotcherera. Popeza amenewa kuthekera amaloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito fasteners wononga.

Kuuluka kwa okhometsa imagwiridwa ntchito wozungulira zitsulo waya. Adzamvetsere iwo kwa nthaka pa makoma ndi denga la nyumba, kukonza ochititsa magetsi ndi m'mabokosi wapadera.

Njira kwa kuwayika zinthu wokhometsa amasankhidwa kuti panopa kuchititsa zinthu si anakumana ndi zitseko, mawindo, khonde, zitseko zitsulo garaja, zochita zina zimene mwina kucheza ndi anthu mu njira ya opaleshoni.

Ngati nyumbayi limapangidwa mu dongosolo lake chochuluka zipangizo kuyaka (polystyrene, matabwa, pulasitiki), ndi ochititsa wa wokhometsa ayenera pabwino pa mtunda kuchokera pamalo a za 15-20 cm. Njira imeneyi makonzedwe a dongosolo mphezi chitetezo kupewa pakutchulidwa moto mu amphamvu, thunderstorms yaitali.

Mu nkhani iyi, Angagwiritsidwenso wokwera mkati dongosolo mphezi chitetezo, imene imakhudza unsembe wa mafyuzi wapadera amatetezadi uyenderere magetsi. Ndalama zimenezi anayikidwa umakhala pafupi ndi mayikidwe mfundo yaikulu ya chingwe mphamvu mu chinthu.

wokhometsa

Wokamba kuvomerezedwa mchitidwe mphezi chitetezo kachitidwe. Zokha kusamutsa mlandu kwa mizere ya pansi.

Wokhometsa ndi waya zachitsulo ndi osachepera 6 mamilimita wandiweyani, amene olumikizidwa kwa kumaliseche wolandila. Kuphatikiza zinthu zonse zimathandiza kuti abwezere katundu kwa amperes 200,000. The chikhalidwe zofunika zigawo zikuluzikulu structural ndi kaphatikizidwe zochita izi kuchita kuwotcherera kwambiri odalirika, amene kumatha kuthekera anawononga mgwirizano ndi lotayirira ndi mphepo, mu kugwa kwa zigawo chisanu.

wokhometsa ndi adatchithisira mwa mpanda wa chinthu kuchokera pamwamba, akhomere waya zakudya zamtundu. Malekezero a waya zitsulo walangizidwa dera la grounding. Ngati dongosolo mphezi chitetezo cha nyumba kumafuna khazikitsa kuyang'anira zinthu angapo conductive, iwo ali pabwino pa mtunda wa mamita 20-25 padera pa mtunda kuposa china ku zitseko ndi mawindo.

Malinga ndi Safety, n'kudzandigunda Current zoletsedwa zikuchepa wopindidwa. The kopanda zolakwa ngati kumawonjezera Mwina wa zosayembekezereka wa mphanvu kumaliseche pa nkhani ya kugonjetsedwa chinthu mphezi. Zimenezi, kungachititse kuti kutupa kwa nyumbayi.

Pa unsembe wa kachitidwe mphezi chitetezo, ndi wolakalakika wakupatsa wokhometsa yaifupi ngati nkotheka. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Ndi bwino kuika pafupi cusps, ndi m'mbali mwa gables ndi kumva mawindo.

grounding

chipangizo grounding lakonzedwa kuonetsetsa kuchotsa bwino kumaliseche mu nthaka. Bwaloli maelekitirodi angapo olumikizidwa pamodzi, anakhoma mu nthaka.

Ndi kumayambiriro pamalowo, motsatira malamulo, poyamba tiziona zonse zamagetsi olumikizidwa kwa maukonde ayenera kuperekedwa. Ngati ayi, kukonzekera mchitidwe si zovuta. Kuti izi atengedwa zitsulo kapena mkuwa wochititsa mtanda chigawo 50-80 mm. Anakumba ngalande kutalika 3 mamita ndi akuya osachepera 0,8 m. Pa zomenyanazo zamkati nizitengedwa ndi ndodo, amene ogwirizana ndi kuwotcherera zitsulo crossbar. Kuti dongosolo chifukwa anagwirizana wokhometsa. Kumapeto kwa malo kuwotcherera papezeka bondo, inatuluka kukonza grounding kwa kuononga pansi pa ngalande.

Yotsimikiza kachitidwe chitetezo mphezi

kumaliseche kubwereketsa dongosolo mayeso kumafuna kuyendera zithunzi zinthu structural ndi kuyeza magawo kukana. Kunja kutsimikizidwa kudalirika kwa kugwirizana magetsi pakati pa osachiritsika mpweya, wokhometsa ndi nthaka. china chotulutsa onse pogogoda ndi nyundo.

Miyezo ya munthu zizindikiro kukana grounding mphezi ndi bolting kumafuna zipangizo zina zapadera anawerengedwa malinga ndi malamulo.

Chifukwa,

Monga mukuonera, pali zingapo zimene mungachite kuti malo mphezi chitetezo. Anthu kapena njira zina osankhidwa malinga ndi ufulu wa bajeti, kapangidwe zachilengedwe, kuonetsetsa enaake a chitetezo chofunika.

Pakali pano, kukula kwa ntchito mphamvu zake kulenga mphezi ndi mawu oyamba wa chinthu. Osachepera, kukhalapo kwake si chofunika. Choncho zochita ngati chitetezo dongosolo kapangidwe kuchokera chogundidwa ndi mphezi ndi analandira mwa aliyense mwini pamaziko a tiganizira munthu.