Dmitrov, Cathedral wa Akukwera: kufotokoza, adiresi

dziko Russian anatchuka chifukwa zipilala zake zambiri za mbiri, zomangamanga ndi chikhalidwe. Timudziwe bwino mmodzi wa iwo, ife tsopano kupita wakale tawuni Russian wa Dmitrov. Iwo kumpoto kwa Moscow, pa khwalala Dmitrovskoe.

mzinda linakhazikitsidwa pa malo kuthetsa Asilavo ndi Prince Yuri Dolgoruky mu 1154. Dzina limeneli ulemu wa mwana kalonga Vsevolod (Big Nest), chimene chiri pa ubatizo dzina lake wotchedwa Dmitry.

Mbiri ya mzinda

Mu masiku akale kunja Dmitrov anayamba zithaphwi kuwoloka ndi nkhalango kwambiri (XII c.) - m'malo ochepa livable. Masiku amenewo, mzinda wa Dmitrov anali kumpoto kumudzi wa asilikali a ukulu wa Vladimir-Suzdal. Iye anali ndi udindo wofunika (dongosolo njira), ngati mkati mwa njira Suzdal pamodzi ndi mitsinje Dubna ndi Velay. Kuyambira Dmitrov, ndi waterway kudzera Mlongo, Dubna, Yakhroma ndipo akhoza anafika pa Upper Volga.

Inalowa kwa Moscow

Mu zoyambirira za m'ma XIV mzindawo linalanda kwa Moscow, ndipo anakhala chilamulo cha Moscow akalonga. Woyamba anali Prince Peter - mwana wamng'ono wa wotchedwa Dmitry Donskoy. Mu theka lachiwiri la atumwi khumi ndi chinayi, pakati pa makangano pakati Basil skew ndi Dmitriem Shemyakoy ndi Kalonga wa Moscow Vasily II Mdima, mzinda mobwerezabwereza wadutsa kuchokera ku dzanja m'manja. Last Prince wa Dmitrov - Yuri, pakati mwana wa Ivan III. Mu 1556, Ivan Grozny ankagulitsa Dmitrov mzinda Staritsa, kulamulidwa ndi Prince Vladimir wa Staritsa. Ataphedwa (1569) anasamukira ku Moscow, Dmitrov komaliza.

tawuni yaing'ono imeneyi mobwerezabwereza zagonjetsedwa kwa nkhondo akuwononga Chitata, ndipo mu 1372 iye unadzatengedwa Prince Mihail Tverskoy. Dmitrov pachimake anafika m'zaka XVI, mu ulamuliro wa Prince Yuri Ivanovich.

Kopanda Cathedral (Dmitrov)

Center wa Dmitrov Kremlin imakongoletsa lalikulu ndi wokongola kachisi. choyamba ake onse Kubwera mu Dmitrov. Cathedral wa Mfundo pano lero, inamangidwa pa chiyambi cha m'ma XVI, pamene boma linali Prince Yuri Ivanovich - m'bale Vasily III. Komabe, olemba mbiri ayamba amavomereza kuti m'zaka XIV-XV, pamene Prince Peter Dmitrievich, munali kale mpingo mwala. Umboni wa zimenezi mu malo oyamba a kosungira woyera mwala, omwe anapezeka pansi chapansi a tchalitchi chikuima lero.

mbali mapulani

Kuchokera pa zovuta kuzimvetsa kapangidwe - zisanu ozungulira njerwa zinayi chipilala kachisi pa chapansi mkulu. Cathedral zinthu zimene kunja faceted mawonekedwe apsides. Kudzanja lamanja la zipata kum'mwera, mukhoza kuona tiled anatsalira chonse. awiri ake - pafupifupi atatu mamita. Iwo amaonetsera Georgiy Pobedonosets.

Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti Cathedral wa Akukwera ndi amatikumbutsa wa Angelo ndi Mfundo Cathedral mu Moscow, omwe adamangidwa nthawi yomweyo.

Kopanda Cathedral ali chokongoletsedwa ndi reliefs a matailosi a. Pa pamakoma kumpoto ndi kum'mwera zili Woyera Cross fano. Pa chipata kumbali yakum'mwera pali mpumulo Georgiya Pobedonostsa.

Today sikutheka kuona maonekedwe original a tchalitchi, m'mene anafika ku Dmitrov. Cathedral wa Akukwera mu mbiri yake yaitali anamangidwanso nthawi zambiri. Ntchito izi kunachitika mu zaka XVII-XIX, ngakhale mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti sizinasinthe maonekedwe original a tchalitchi.

m'matchalitchi awiri adaonjezeredwa ku mpingo m'zaka za m'ma XIX - kumpoto (1823) ndi wamanga F. M. Shestakovym, ndi kum'mwera (1841). Ntchito anali mwakuchita D. F. Borisov. Mu 1796 kachisi Ufumuyo atatu tiered belu nsanja, anaphedwa kalembedwe zachikhalidwe. Author ikugwiridwira -. M. Ya Agafonov.

Mu 2001, pa chipata kum'mwera kwa Dmitrov Kremlin chipilala Yuriyu Dolgorukomu ziboliboli VM Tserkovnikov. Mu 2004, kachisi ndi chipilala kuti Cyril ndi Methodius. Izo analengedwa ndi ziboliboli AI Rukavishnikov ndi wamanga R. V. Narskogo.

Dmitrov: Mfundo Cathedral pambuyo 1917

Pambuyo pa October kuukira boma, kachisi ntchito cholinga chake pafupifupi ziwiri zaka. Komabe, mu 1932, izo zowawa za tsogolo la nyumba onse Russian achipembedzo - izo zinali kutsekedwa. Komabe, chifukwa sanali kusunga tirigu kapena gulu m'dera. Apa, nyumbayi ili. Zimenezi sanasiye kuti avule wake m'ma mmasate mitanda. Mu August 1941, anagwetsa pamwamba pa belo nsanja.

Kachisi inayamba mu 1961 ndipo zinatha zaka zinayi. Ntchito imachitika MOSNRPM, anawatsogolera E. R. Kunitskaya. Belu nsanja, nachiritsidwa, koma anaganiza kuchotsa ng'oma okhota.

kubwezeretsa

Mu 2001 anayamba otsiriza tsiku kubwezeretsa, amene anali bwinobwino mu 2003. Ntchito izi kutsogoleredwa ndi V. Nesterenko, akuchita anakonza ndi wamanga I. Yu. Korovina ndi A. V. Yaganova.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti kupembedza mu kachisi anayamba kuchita imodzi m'matchalitchi kwambiri mu 1991. Mu 2002 m'nyumbayi kunditumiza ku malo atsopano, mpingo m'manja mwa tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox. Inapatulidwa m'ma 2003.

Lero, mbali yaing'ono ya malo kachisi ntchito monga Museum. Pali Sande sukulu ali laibulale yake.

Chokongoletsera mkati

Aliyense amene anapita Cathedral wa Akukwera, amakhulupirira kuti ndiwokongola. Pali zisanu tiered gilded chosema iconostasis (XVII mu.), Amene ali zithunzi wapadera XV-XIX zaka. Mmodzi zokongoletsa zikuluzikulu za tchalitchichi ankaona kuti chosema malo bishopu, amene anali kuwatumiza ku nyumba bishopu Krutitsa mu 1792. Kuyambira mkati zikuto zake kupenta kukongoletsa. Zimatanthauza chiyambi cha m'ma XVIII. Kunyada chachikulu cha tchalitchi - zazikulu Zojambula pakhoma ntchito za wamkulu chizindikiro zojambulajambula wa nthawi zonse - Andrei Rublev. M'kachisi pali kagawo kakang'ono-arkosoli amene anakwiriridwa oimira mfulu ya Vladimir m'dera yano.

chidina wina wa tchalitchi ndi chizindikirochi, chimene chimafotokoza Dmitriy Solunsky. Isanafike iye uyu anachisunga yaing'ono Luchenza. Zimenezi zinachitika pakati pa zaka 1646 ndi 1713. Tsiku lenileni sipakhala. Lidalembedwa mu theka lachiwiri la XII atumwi, mwina V. I. Antonovym, ndipo anabweretsa monga mphatso Vsevolod Big Nest mu Dmitrov mu 1181. Today chizindikiro ichi umasamutsidwa ku kufotokoza za Tretyakov Gallery. Cross (XIV atumwi), kusungidwa mu mpingo mpaka 1933, nayenso, kunditumiza ku "Tretyakov"

Chidwi chachikulu cha akatswiri wamba alendo frescoes (XIII c.). Today mukhoza amasirira makombo a zikuchokera lalikulu "Last Chiweruzo". Mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti kumvera zojambulajambula wake, anaitana Vsevolod ochokera ku Greece.

Icon kulankhulana. matron

Today, aliyense mu nthawi yabwino kapena maholide achipembedzo pitani Dmitrov (Akukwera Cathedral). Zotsalira Matrona ndi chizindikirochi ndi fano lake 8 mpaka 21 October 2015 anali mu Mfundo Cathedral. zotsalira izi anaperekedwa m'manja mwa kulambira Kolomna ndi akumatauni Krutitsa - Juvenal. Zimene zinachitikazi azichitira kwenikweni kwa atsogoleri a chipembedzowo lapansi. Asanachitepo utumiki wapadera, aliyense angathe kuona chizindikiro cha Wodalitsika Matrona.

Pomaliza, aliyense amene akufuna kukaona Cathedral wa Dormition mu Dmitrov, keyala la kachisi: Moscow dera, Dmitrov, Historical dera, 11.