Curare - ndi poizoni omwe angaphe kapena kuchepetsa nthawi

Curare ndi dzina lodziwika bwino lomwe limatchedwa poizoni lomwe limatulutsa nthunzi zamadzimadzi kuchokera ku zomera zina zotentha. Mankhwalawa akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu okhala ku South America, poyambitsa mitsempha m'magulu a usilikali komanso pa kusaka. Iwo ankadziwa mlingo woyenera kuti imfa yodzidzimutsa kapena kuwonongeka kwa kanthawi ngati mdani ankafunika kukhala moyo.

Kuchetsa poizoni, kumenyana ndi magazi, kumakhala ndi thupi lopweteka mitsempha. Choyamba, malingaliro a mitsempha amatsekedwa, kufooka kwa thupi kumachitika. Kenaka kupuma kumawonongeka, khungu limatembenuka buluu, chiwindi chimatuluka - ndipo chifukwa chake, imfa imachitika. Pamene nyama imakhudzidwa ndi poizoni m'mimba, palibe zotsatirapo, ndiko kuti, nyama zowonongedwa ndi mfuti ya poizoni zingadye. Komanso, nyama zawo, malinga ndi aborigines, zimakhala zokoma komanso zokoma.

Anthu ambiri a ku Ulaya akhala akudziwikabe kwa zaka zambiri. Kutchulidwa kwake kunachititsa mantha. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya poizoni yamtunduwu imapezeka kuchokera ku zomera zosiyanasiyana komanso zolemba. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya potionous death, okhala ndi zosiyana thupi ndipo kusungidwa mu zosiyana. Mwachitsanzo, curare - poizoni wochokera ku chondrodendron tomentosum - amachita mofulumira kwambiri. Anasungidwa mumachuno zazitsamba za zimayambira. Nthenda yotchedwa Strychnos toxifera imapita pang'onopang'ono, mofanana ndi strychnine. Anasungidwa m'miphika yadongo.

Chondrodendron tomentosum - liana, a m'banja la Loganie ndipo amapezeka ku South America. Mphuno yake imatha kufika masentimita 10 mu mtanda. Masamba ndi aakulu (mpaka 20 cm), serrate, ndi zooneka bwino. Mbali ya kumtunda kwa masamba ndi yosalala, ndipo pansi ili ndi mulu wowala. Maluwa ndi dioecious, aang'ono, kirimu-kirimu, omwe amasonkhanitsidwa ku inflorescences. Zipatso zing'onozing'ono (mpaka 2 mm), oblong, kuponyera pansi.

Choyamba chotchulidwa cha chomeracho chikupezeka m'mabuku a ansembe a ku Spain a Acunya, omwe adachita mu 1693. Ku Ulaya, zitsanzo za poizoni ndi teknoloji yopanga zamakono zinabweretsedwa ndi wasayansi wa ku France Charles Marie de la Cordamen (kuchokera ku ulendo wopita ku Peru). Inde, Amwenye sanapereke kwa curare. Wasayansi amayenera kubapo poizoni ndikuyang'ana momwe amwenyewo amachitira.

Masamba, mizu ndi zimayambira za tomato la Chondrodendron zidaphwanyika, zodzazidwa ndi madzi komanso Pa moto wawung'ono umaphika kwa kanthawi, mpaka misa utakula. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, iye ankangokhalira kusonkhezeredwa. Nthawi zina magaziwo amawonjezeredwa ndi achule oopsa kapena nyama zina. Mpweya wochepa chabe unali ndi kuwala, unagwiritsidwa ntchito pokasaka. Kupindulitsa kwambiri ndi kupha kunali poizoni wakuda ndi fungo la utomoni. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito motsutsana ndi adani, kukonzanso mitsempha, yomwe idatuluka m'matope. Wonyaya wa fukoli yekha anali ndi ufulu wopanga poizoni, chifukwa chosamvera imfa kunkayenera.

Chogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa ndi D-tubocurarine - mankhwala othandizira. Ngati imagwiritsidwa ntchito muyezo wa tizilombo ting'onoting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono ting'onoting'ono tomwe timayambitsa matendawa. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda otupa, urolithiasis, insanity, malungo, ndi zina. Zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pokhapokha ngati zovulaza zikuluzikulu zimakhala zovuta. Amwenye achimwenye amadziwa izi kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito mwaluso ndikupitiriza kugwiritsa ntchito poizoni.