Colombia - lipabliki kapena ufumu? Nyengo, zokopa, zithunzi

chikhalidwe Wodabwitsa, kuphatikizapo nkhalango zazikulu wa Amazon ndi mapiri wamphamvu wa Andes Tingaone mu malo awa wosaneneka wokongola. Ngakhale alendo wozindikira koposa anapita m'mayiko ambiri pa dziko lapansi, zimakhudza kukongola zimene anaona pano. Malowa - Colombia, amene gawo magombe bwino ndi onse Latin America.

M'nkhaniyi tiona mafunso ena okhudza dziko lodabwitsali. ndi mbali ya chitetezo cha boma chiyani? Colombia - lipabliki kapena ufumu? ndi mbali ya chikhalidwe ndi nyengo iti? Timauza za anthu ndi udindo Hrs a mtundu wa zakudya dziko ndi zina zambiri.

zambiri

Colombia - Mungapeze America South. Iye - yekha pakati pa mayiko South America amene kugombe tinatchulidwa ndi Nyanja Caribbean (kubwereketsa ku nyanja ya Atlantic) ndi Pacific Ocean.

Boma zaposachedwapa, khama kwambiri pa chitukuko waukulu zokopa alendo ndi kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha apaulendo ndi tchuthi. Okongola ndi wolemera zokopa zachilengedwe Republic.

Gran Colombia - Dziko ndi chikhalidwe chake olemera ndi mbiri chikhalidwe. Mphambano iliyonse ndipo mzinda uliwonse wa boma akhoza kundiuza kale chidwi ndi anthu ake.

Colombia (Republic of): photos, malo Hrs

Colombia akuchita dera kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa South America. Kummawa izo malire ndi mayiko monga Venezuela ndi Brazil, kumpoto chakumadzulo - ndi Panama, ndi kumwera - ndi Ecuador ndi Peru. mbali kumpoto kusamba Nyanja Caribbean, kumadzulo - Pacific Ocean.

Malo okwana boma - 1.141.748 sq. makilomita, kutalika kwa malire - 6004 Km. Iye amakhala zilumba zingapo Colombia.

Republic ndi pa mtunda ngati, mtunda umene uli zosiyanasiyana mitunda. Dera la kumadzulo kwa Colombia ndi Andes phiri dongosolo la kum'mawa - ndi yachonde m'tchire, ndi kum'mwera chakum'mawa - nkhalango. M'zigwa zigwa kutambasula m'mphepete pang'ono akuchita mapiri Sierra Nevada de A Santa Marta. Pachimake apamwamba pano ndi Cristobal m'matumbo (okwera mamita 5775).

Great Amazon mtsinje umachokera mu gawo kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa gawo Colombia, ndipo p. Orinoco ukufika kum'mawa.

anthu

Colombia - Republic, ambiri a anthu amakhala m'madera a mapiri ku dera la kumadzulo kwa dziko. Ndipo anthu ambiri kuthetsa pa yopapatiza ndi patali mokwanira spaced lililonse zigwa ena mtsinje. The chonse cha anthu a dziko - anthu oposa 46. Atatu alionse - kukhala m'madera akumidzi, ndi gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi cha anthu Colombia amakhala ku likulu la dziko - Santa Fe de A Bogota.

Kamodzi likulu la mizinda ikuluikulu kwambiri mu Colombia Cali, Medellin ndi Barranquilla. Total mu Columbia ndi nyumba pafupifupi 75% ya anthu okwana boma.

Kumbali ya zikuchokera osiyana mitundu, pa 58% - metises, woyera (European) 20%, mulatto - 14%, 4% - negros ndi 3% ndi 1%, motero, ndi Sambo Amwenye. 90% Colombia mu chipembedzo chawo - Catholic, 5% -hristiane.

likulu

Likulu la Colombia - Bogota. Mu mzinda uwu okwana anthu oposa 11 miliyoni anthu. Spain alangidwe pa malo yaing'ono linga amwenye 1538.

The chinenero, chipembedzo

The chinenero ndi Spanish mu dziko. Komanso, Colombia unakhalabe 75 Indian m'zinenero, koma chiwerengero chawo ikuchepa chaka chilichonse.

polity

Wodzilamulira kuchokera Spanish kulamulira, Colombia walandira mu July 1810, ndipo dzina lake pano (Republic of Colombia) izo anagula mu 1886.

Malinga ndi Constitution (1991), Colombia ndi mabwalo a lotsogoleredwa ndi mtsogoleri wosankhidwa zaka 4 ndi chilengedwe otchuka voti. Pa nthawi yomweyo boma lolamuliridwa ndi mutu wosankhidwa wa Republic.

Gran Colombia ndi bicameral yamalamulo, yotchedwa National Congress, amene nawonso, imakhala Nyumba ya oimira (a mamembala 166) ndi Senate (imene 102 senators).

Waukulu ndale izi: ". Kwakukulu kusintha" Social Party wa National Umodzi, owolowa manja, ndiwofatsa, Party wa National Kusakanikirana,

Administratively ogaŵikana m'madipatimenti (ndipo iwo - ndi mizinda yambiri) ndi Capital District wa Colombia.

nyengo Columbia

Ngakhale Columbia ndipo unali utatsala pang'ono equator chifukwa cha kusiyana okwera lili mabacteria nyengo zinayi (makamaka subequatorial ndi yamphamvu). Pa (83%) ndi osakwana 1000 mamita kuchokera pa nyanja. Sea. Mu malo awa ndi zaka kutentha + 24C. Yotsala (9%) ili pa msinkhu wa mamita 1000-2000 pamwamba pa nyanja, kumene pafupifupi mpweya kutentha pafupifupi + 18C. Pali kutalika ndi mamita mpaka 3000, pafupifupi kutentha pa zimene ali + 12C.

Pa gombe Caribbean wouma nyengo - kuchokera December kwa March, ndi yotsalayo - nyengo mvula. Mumakhala palibe chirimwe mu izi gombe Pacific.

Biota

A zosiyanasiyana lalikulu la nyama ndi zomera ndi Colombia. Republic, kumene Pacific otsika, nkhalango yobiriwira mvula, ndi kumene kuli gombe Caribbean motsatizana mitengoyi. Savannah amachuluka, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, kumpoto-kum'mawa ndi kum'mawa. Andes kuimira woodland ndi zitsamba.

Ndi dziko la zinyama zosiyanasiyana: mitundu ya tizilombo, mbalame, nyama ndi nsomba.

The mitundu yambiri zosowa nyama, makamaka chidwi alendo: nyama, agulugufe, hummingbirds, ndi piranhas.

Nyanja, nyanja, ndi mtsinje wa Columbia

Mbali kumpoto kwa dzikolo, monga momwe tafotokozera pamwambapa, kusamba ndi Caribbean Sea ndi kumadzulo - Pacific Ocean. Oceanside ali okwana kutalika - 3208 Km. avareji kutentha madzi pa gombe - + 26C.

Atatu mitsinje kudzera m'dera la Colombia: kum'mwera-kum'mawa - Amazon, kumadzulo - mtsinje Magdalena, kummawa - ndi Orinoco. Magdalena - lalikulu zachilengedwe kukopa kwa zosowa (1,600 km), amene ali Republic of Colombia.

Mizinda mbiri, iwo ndemanga

Kumzinda waukulu wa Colombia - Bogota, Cali, Medellin, Cucuta, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Bucaramanga.

Ndemanga za ulendo wa dziko lodabwitsali, mu mzinda umenewu, ambiri positive. Makamaka wotchuka chifukwa kuyendera mzinda anasunga mamangidwe a nthawi ya atsamunda.

Apa mutha kuona mzinda wokongola ndi mipingo yambiri anasunga nyengo - Popayan. Alendo amasirira izo zomangamanga zazikulu mchitidwe ndi m'mamyuziyamu (m'ma 16).

Yemweyo chodabwitsa nyumba mapulani Tingaone mu mzinda wa Cali. Mmodzi wa zokopa waukulu mumzinda uno amadziwika kuti ambiri Faralones de A Kanaberaleho (National Park), kumene bullfighting ikuchitika mosalekeza.

Leticia ili m'mphepete mwa wamkulu Amazon mtsinje (kufupi ndi Peru-Brazil). Adalemekeza otchedwa Island wa anyani, nyamazi amakhala kuchuluka pafupifupi 1,000.

Wangwiro yopuma kuyenda dziko la Colombia.

zowoneka

Mu Colombia, mukhoza kuona anasunga zipilala mbiri ya chitukuko wamphamvu ndi chinsisi cha Andes Amwenye. Pali pofukula m'mapaki chidwi Tierradentro ndi San Agustín. Iwo adapeza necropolis wakale.

Alendo akhoza kuyendera ndi kuona akale Spanish m'tawuni bwino anasunga mpaka masiku ano zipilala zazikulu za zomangamanga akale (Spanish). Ndi mizinda ngati Tunja (Spanish alangidwe mu 1539), Villa de A Leyva (m'munsi - 1572) ndi Santa Cruz de A Mompoks (maziko 1540.).

The Republic of Colombia waika wa nkhokwe dziko ndi m'mapaki kumene inu mukhoza kuwona kukongola mbalame zosowa ndi nyama za malo osungirako zachilengedwe a Sierra Macarena, Tyrone, Farallones de A Cali National Natural Park, Chiribikete, Ensenada de A Morning, Paramilo National Park pachilumba cha Gorgon.

Tchuthi ku Colombia alendo zimaperekedwa maulendo chidwi, imene mukhoza kuphunzira zambiri za moyo wa Amwenye m'deralo. Pano mukhoza kukaona malo wolemba wotchuka - Colombia Gabriel García Marquez.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti ya mbalame zoposa 1,700 mu Colombia.

chikhalidwe

Colombia - Malawi ndi chikhalidwe zooneka ndi miyambo yakale ndi miyambo ya Amwenye ndi mbadwa ya Africa ndi Europe (Spanish). Iwo likukhalira kuti ndi - ndi azikhalidwe dziko kumene zigawo zonse ndi mbali zawo wapadera.

Chikhalidwe cha anthu Andean ali wamphamvu European chikoka. Ndipo anthu Caribbean - chisakanizo cha African ndi Indian. Pacific Coast miyambo pafupi African. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha Amazon ndi miyambo Indian.

Komanso, dera lililonse lili ndi maholide yake Colombia.

maholide

anthu Colombia kwambiri amakonda carnivals. Yaikulu a iwo ali mu January (mu Pasto) ndi February (Carnival wa Barranquilla).

Wa fairs, zikondwerero ndi zisudzo ayenera kuona zotsatirazi:

• Cali Fair.

• Flower Show mu Medellin.

• Mayiko Music Festival Caribbean.

• Theatre Festival (Latin American).

• Chikondwerero mu mzinda wa Cartagena.

Colombia - Republic amakonda anthu ndipo amadziwa kusangalala. Ndipo thupi iwo, nawonso, osati mu malo otsiriza. Chaka chilichonse pali kupalasa njinga "ulendo wa Columbia" (March ndi April). Nthawi zambiri kuno mpikisano mu tennis, mpira ndi masewera ena. Ndipo bullfighting ndi mbali yofunika ya chikhalidwe cha mtundu umenewu.

Kwambiri za madyerero ali achipembedzo mu chikhalidwe, mwachitsanzo, Akukwera, phwando la Heart Wopatulika wa Yesu, St. Tsiku. Joseph.

Colombia dziko zakudya

Pakati pake penipeni, zakudya mtundu wa dziko lino - miyambo anakhazikitsa pano pamaso kutsegula kwa Columbus ake. Zinaoneka makhalidwe onse European ndi Asia.

Maziko pafupifupi onse a mbale wawo amapanga nyemba, masamba, mpunga ndi zosiyanasiyana zonunkhira zonunkhira.

zakudya Colombia ndi yosiyanasiyana ndi zina zachilendo. Izi zidalira pa dera. Ena kudya nyerere yokazinga, amene Sudzatikhudza m'madera ena.

chikulupiliro pakuBadizidwa ambiri mu dziko kuti mbale nyama. M'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja Komabe, chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mbale ku lobusitara nsomba ndi nsomba, amene nthawi zambiri okonzeka ndi msuzi kokonati mkaka.

The Republic of Colombia ali achilendo, zachilendo kwa alendo ambiri national zakudya. Choncho, monga ulamuliro, kuimilidwa alendo amayesa yekha zina mbale. Awa: nkhuku msuzi ndi mbatata, capers, mapeyala, chimanga ndi wowawasa kirimu; mikate chimanga ngati zikondamoyo; mpunga mu mkaka kokonati; poterera msuzi ndi anyezi wobiriwira ndi mazira; steamed nsomba; nkhumba ndi nyemba wofiira; nyama wokazinga mbatata ndi nthochi yokazinga ndi chinangwa; mpunga-kokonati pudding ndi mbale wina wa nkhuku, ng'ombe, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

The zakumwa chikhalidwe Ambiri muli ndi khofi, chocolate otentha, nzimbe ndi madzi ndi madzi laimu, zipatso timadziti, mowa ndi - mowa, ramu (bango vodika).

Zakumwa Zoledzeretsa: mowa Aguardiente (anapangidwa kuchokera nzimbe ndi tsabola ndi mphamvu 29%), Chicha (thovu chakumwa mpunga, shuga ndi mkaka), Canelazo (m'zipatso ndi sinamoni).

pogwiritsa

Colombia - Republic ndi ku Gombe Caribbean ena wokondeka chachikulu pogwiritsa - Barranquilla, Cartagena, Santa Marta. Suli kutali ndi nyanja zilumba, malo yabwino alendo: Providencia, Santa Catalina ndi San Andres. magombe awo okongola ndi mchenga woyera ndi miyala fabulously zokongola matanthwe watumikira alendo ambiri.

Onse pogwiritsa izi gombe kupereka zosiyanasiyana ntchito alendo: Map, zibonga, masitolo ndi malo odyera. Akhala yekha underdeveloped alendo Pacific gombe ku dera la kumadzulo kwa dziko, ngakhale palinso magombe okongola, komanso pa gombe Caribbean. Pa gombe awa ndi mathamandawa okongola ndi zilumba. The okha zoipa - zambiri mvula.

Pomaliza - za mmene angakwanitsire Colombia

Zokongola ndi wokongola pogwiritsa ndi Colombia (Republic of). Kodi kumupeza, kuti muone malo awa zazikulu ndi kuthera maholide?

Mu Colombia ku Russia flights mwachindunji kumeneko. Kukwera ndege ingafikiridwe pa njira zopita ndi kusintha kwa of America kapena Europe.

Ku France pali zonse flights mwachindunji kuti Bogota, komanso Amsterdam ndi Madrid.

Ambiri North America (Washington, Atlanta, Houston, ndi ena.) Ndipo American South mizinda (Caracas, Buenos Aires, Quito, ndi ena.) Kodi n'zogwirizana ndi Bogota.

Colombia El Dorado ndege ndi 15 Km from likulu la Bogota.

Pofuna kuona kukongola chodabwitsa cha chikhalidwe zazikulu za Colombia, m'pofunika kusamutsa ndege motalika kwambiri.