Chulutsa mzati. Chulutsa ndi gulu la mzati

M'chaka chachitatu cha ana a m'sukulu za pulayimale ayamba kuphunzira Vnetablichnoe milandu chulutsa ndi kugawikana. Numeri mkati mwa zikwi - zakuthupi limene pali katswiri pa nkhaniyi. Analimbikitsa pulogalamu kugawaniza ndi kuchulukitsa ntchito ndi patatu manambala manambala kubala Mwachitsanzo lomveka. Pa ntchito pa mutu wa mphunzitsi amayamba ana luso limeneli zofunika monga chulutsa ndi kugawikana yaitali. Yachinayi kalasi luso kukonza akupitiriza, koma ntchito mfundo n'zosangalatsa kumva mkati miliyoni. Division ndi chulutsa imagwiridwa mu ndime pa chiwerengero chachikulu.

Kodi maziko a chulutsa ndi

Muzu malo amene chulutsa aligorivimu multivalued chiwerengero pa multivalued ndi lofanana ndi pamene ukugwira ntchito pa wani. ufulu anasangalala ndi ana, pali zingapo. Iwo akhala "kuwuluridwa" ophunzira kalasi yachitatu.

Lamulo loyamba ndi bitwise. The chachiwiri lili mu ntchito tebulo chulutsa aliyense kumaliseche.

Chonde dziwani kuti malangizo awa kobvuta pamene akuchita opareshoni ndi-manambala Mipikisano.

Wolembedwa kutsatira chitsanzo adzakuthandizani kumvetsa zimene uli pangozi. Kuganiza zofuna 80 × 5 ndi 80 × 50.

Mbali yoyamba, wophunzirayo amaganiza choncho: 8 dazeni ayenera kubwereza kasanu 5, udzapeza ndi zambiri zofanana, ndipo padzakhala 40 8 × 5 = 40, 40 dazeni - ndi 400, kotero 80 × 5 = 400. The aligorivimu ndi mfundo yosavuta kumva mwana. Ndikakumana ndi zovuta, n'zosavuta kupeza chifukwa cha ntchito zotsatira za Kuwonjezera. Kodi m'malo chulukanani-kudziunjikira ntchito Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kutsimikizira kuwerengetsera zawo.

Kupeza phindu la mawu akuti chachiwiri ndi zofunika kugwiritsa ntchito nkhani tabulated ndi 8 × 5. Koma kodi gulu zidzakhala za analandira mayunitsi 40? Funso ana ambiri udakalipo. Chikuonetseratu m'malo chulutsa zotsatira za Kuwonjezera mu nkhani iyi ndi zopanda nzeru, kuyambira ndalama adzakhala 50 mawu, kotero ntchito kupeza zotsatira sizingatheke. Zimaonekeratu kuti tikudziwa pothetsa chitsanzo sikokwanira. Zikuoneka kuti pali malamulo a kuchulukitsa chiwerengero Mipikisano manambala. Ndipo iwo ayenera kuzindikiridwa.

Khama anzake a mphunzitsi ndi ana, zikuonekeratu kuti chulutsa nambala multivalued pa multivalued luso kofunika kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo associative, imene mfundo m'malo mankhwala (80 × 50 = 80 × 5 × 10 = 400 x 10 = 4000)

Komanso njira zotheka ntchito lamulo distributive wa chulutsa pa Kuwonjezera kapena wochotsera. Pankhaniyi, chimodzi mwa zinthu ayenera m'malo mwa Uwerenge mawu awiri kapena kuposa.

Research ntchito ya ana

Ana akutumikira ambiri a zitsanzo ngati zimenezi. Ana nthawi iliyonse kuyesera kupeza wosalira zambiri ndipo mofulumira momwe angathetsere, koma kwa iwo nthawi zonse muyenera atumiza njira kujambula patsogolo kapena kufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane mawu.

mphunzitsiyu angachite izi, zolinga ziwiri. Choyamba, ana amadziwa, ntchito yaikulu kunja njira ya opaleshoni ya chulutsa angapo a Mipikisano ofunika. Chachiwiri, akubwera kuzindikira kuti njira kulemba mawu amenewa mu malo kungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Apo pakubwera nthawi imene ophunzira okha anapereka kulemba chulutsa mu mzati.

Masiteji kuphunzira chulutsa ndi chiwerengero Mipikisano ofunika.

Mu ayamikira methodical kuphunzira nkhani zimenezi mu magawo angapo. Iwo ayenera kutsatira mmodzi, zikuthandiza ophunzira kuti amvetse tanthauzo lenileni la zimene ankafufuza. List magawo a mphunzitsi amatsegula chithunzi chonse cha ndondomeko ntchito mfundo ana:

• palokha kufufuza ophunzira njira kupeza mfundo za mankhwala a kuchulukitsa Mipikisano ofunika;
• kuthetsa vutolo pogwiritsa ntchito chuma associative, komanso chulutsa wagawo ndi maziro;
• kuchulukana chiyesedwe cha luso manambala chonse;
• ntchito kuwerengetsera za chuma distributive wa Kuwonjezera chulutsa ndi wochotsera;
• ntchito multivalued ndi chulutsa manambala mu mzati.

Tsatani ndondomeko izi, mphunzitsi ayenera nthawi zonse kulabadira ana kufupi zomveka kugwirizana zinthu ataphunzira kale kuti katswiri mu nkhani latsopano. Ophunzira osati ndawala chulutsa, komanso kuphunzira kuyerekeza, kutengapo maganizo ndi kusankha.

Ntchito za chulutsa kusukulu ya pulayimale

Mphunzitsi, kuphunzitsa masamu, amadziwa kuti nthawi idzafika pamene wachinayi graders ndi funso za mmene angachitire ndi ndime chulutsa manambala Mipikisano manambala. Ndipo ngati iye ndi ophunzira ake pa zaka zitatu maphunziro - 2, 3, ndi 4 makalasi - purposefully ndiponso kuti ankaphunzira tanthauzo enieni chulutsa ndi mafunso onse amene amagwirizana ndi opareshoni iyi, zovuta pa chitukuko cha nkhani ya ana ayenera uka.

Kodi ntchito anali kale analankhula ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi awo?

1. Lophunzira tebulo chulutsa milandu, ndiye kupeza zotsatira mu sitepe imodzi. Chofunikira cha pulogalamuyi ndi kubweretsa luso automaticity.
2. Chulutsa ziwerengero zazikulu amodzi. Zotsatira akamagwira kubwereza kwa masitepe, amene ana kale mu ungwiro.
3. Chulutsa manambala multivalued pa multivalued anachita kudzera kubwerezabwereza njira zafotokozedwa ndime 1 ndi 2. Chifukwa yomaliza akamagwira kaphatikizidwe wa wapakatikati malumikizanidwe mfundo mankhwala chosakwanira ndi kukha.

Ntchito katundu chulutsa

Pamaso pa masamba otsatirawa adzaoneka zitsanzo buku kuchulukitsa ndime 4 kalasi ayenera bwino kuphunzira mmene ntchito kompyuta kuti streamline ndi associative ndi katundu distributive.

Ndi kuyang'anila ndi kufananitsa ophunzira kuti afike pomvetsetsa kuti katundu associative wa chulutsa kupeza mankhwala a manambala Mipikisano manambala ntchito pamene mmodzi wa zinthu akhoza m'malo ndi mankhwala a manambala limodzi manambala. Ndipo Sizotheka.

Distributive chuma cha chulutsa Pankhaniyi amachita ngati chilengedwe. Ana zindikirani kuti chinthu nthawi zonse m'malo ndi ndalama kapena kusiyana, kotero chuma ntchito njira chitsanzo aliyense mu chulutsa manambala multidigit.

Aligorivimu yolemba ntchito chulutsa mu mzati

Lembani kuchulukitsa mzati ndi yaying'ono kwambiri kuposa onse. Kuphunzitsa ana mtundu wa kapangidwe akuyamba ndi mitundu kuchulukitsa chiwerengero chachikulu pa manambala a.

Ana mukupemphedwa kuti akonze mayendedwe awo yochita chulutsa. Kudziŵa aligorivimu izi udzapereka bwino luso mapangidwe. Choncho, mphunzitsi sayenera yopeza nthawi ndi kuyesa amayesetsanso kuonetsetsa kuti kuti aphedwe zochita pamene nachuluka mzati aphunzira "ana kwambiri".

Zochita chifukwa cha luso mapangidwe

Choyamba, tisaiwale kuti zitsanzo za chulutsa mu ndime ya, anapereka ana ku phunziro phunziro kobvuta. Pambuyo kudziwa bwino kuchulukitsa ndi ziwiri manambala chiwerengero cha ana kuphunzira kupezerera atatu manambala, zinayi manambala chiwerengero.

Ntchito zitsanzo za luso kuchotsera ndi yankho okonzeka koma mwa iwo mwadala anakonza kujambula zolakwika. Ntchito ophunzira ndi kudziwa malfunctioning, fotokozani chifukwa maonekedwe awo ndi n'njolondola.

Tsopano, pothetsa mavuto, maikwezhoni, ndi ntchito zina zonse pamene ndikofunikira kugwira chulutsa manambala Mipikisano manambala, kulembetsa chofunika ophunzira kulemba mzati.

Kukula kwa ACU chidziwitso mu phunziro la mutu wakuti "Chulukitsani manambala mu ndime ya"

chidwi m'kalasi, pa kafukufuku wa nkhaniyi, wokonda chitukuko cha zochita chidziwitso ngati kupeza njira zosiyanasiyana kuti athetse vutoli, kusankha phwando kothandiza kwambiri.

Kugwiritsa madera zolingalira, mtima wa ubale chifukwa-tingati kusanthula zinthu ananena zochokera mbali anasankha zofunika - ". The chulutsa mu ndime ya" gulu lina anapanga luso chidziwitso mu kuphunzira mutuwo

Kuphunzitsa ana njira za kugawa manambala Mipikisano manambala ndi kujambula kulembetsa ndime ikuchitika pokhapokha ana kuphunzira kuchulukana.