Cholinga chenicheni cha chitsimikizo chadongosolo ndi makhalidwe khalidwe

Quality - zofunika kwambiri ogula makhalidwe a katundu. Mlingo chofunika chingapezeke pamaziko a muyezo anatsimikiza ndi ogwira yokha kapena Mwachitsanzo, anthu ali ndi mfundo za boma. Nthawi zina, manambalawo anapanga pamaziko a ziyembekezo ogula. Kodi zikutanthauzanji mawu oti "ubwino" mu akatswiri Russian TV? Kodi pangakhale mbali yake yaikulu?

tanthauzo la khalidwe

Lingaliro la khalidwe la ofufuza ambiri kugwirizana ndi mndandanda wa katundu wina, maonekedwe zikhalidwe za ntchito ya chuma, zomwe zimaonetsa mankhwala mu mawu ndi cholinga chake. zizindikiro zoyenera kupanga zofunika kuti anakumana ndi mankhwala, onse pa mlingo wa zikalata ntchito, ndi mbali ya katundu leni ogula katundu chopangidwa.

Quality ndi msika

Mu kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma, mfundo khalidwe zimadalira chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi malamulo a kapezedwe. Ndiko kuti, makhalidwe a mankhwala ziwalo anatsimikiza makamaka ogula. Ngati Mlengi wina wamwamuna ziyembekezo zimenezi, kugula katundu. Komabe, phindu lalikulu pa dongosolo ndipo ali mtengo kulankhulana. chakuti mkulu khalidwe katundu, zimatanthauza ndithu ndalama Mlengi kukhala kufunika mankhwala lingaliro, kugula zipangizo zofunika, kudziletsa pa issuance ndi kuvomereza mankhwala. Choncho, katundu apamwamba kawirikawiri amatanthauza ake wotsatira zogulitsa mu mtengo yoyenera osiyanasiyana. Funso ndiloti ngati wogula ndi wokonzeka kugula mankhwala, ngakhale Mkhalidwe, pa mtengo akonzedwa.

zizindikiro khalidwe

Lingaliro kumafuna kudziŵa makhalidwe khalidwe katundu, zochokera magawo ena. Pakati pa anthu:

- muyezo kwa zoti mankhwala;

- ntchito mankhwala kudalirika;

- makhalidwe mankhwala mawu a standardization;

- i ergonomic;

- zokongoletsa pempho;

- makhalidwe a mankhwala mawu a malamulo a setifiketi ndi zochita malamulo mu dera la aluntha chitetezo katundu;

- zachilengedwe muyezo;

- makhalidwe a mbali mankhwala chitetezo.

Ife tsopano kuphunzira njira imene idzachitika ziyenera a khalidwe katundu.

kuwerengetsa Quality: Zidzikhala njira

Izo zikhoza kuchitidwa kudzera osiyanasiyana njira. Taganizirani otchuka.

Choncho, pali njira cholinga cha kudziŵa khalidwe.

Mwa anthu chikuyeza. Amaona chizindikiritso cha zizindikiro n'zosangalatsa kumva za khalidwe. Malinga ndi zomwe amene anapangidwa ntchito zida luso ndi zipangizo zina chingwe (mwachitsanzo, wa reagents mankhwala). Kuphatikizidwa chuma ikuchitika kutenga nkhani anakhazikitsa khalidwe kuwerengetsa njira. Pakuunika akhoza kuona maonekedwe a mankhwala kapena zina katundu ntchito. Lingaliro la mankhwala khalidwe chifukwa kufunika ndendende kudziwa magawo yoyenera. The njira chingwe Mwanjira imeneyi, kungakhale irreplaceable. Zowona - mwayi waukulu.

Pali njira kulembetsa imene mankhwala akhoza ayesedwa khalidwe. Bukuli lili ndi zimene ananena ndipo anayamba ochuluka zochitika zina, katundu precedents popanga kapena ndalama kugwirizana ndi kupangidwa. Kudzera njira mbadwe ukhoza mtima, mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero cha ntchito lolakwika pa njira oyambitsa kuti alipo mu mankhwala. Komanso ndi nkhani ya chida akhoza wachinsinsi monga katundu winawake, monga woyamba kalasi ndi wachiwiri kalasi.

Nthawi zina, mwina ankaipembedza mawerengedwe njira. Lingaliro la khalidwe zikhoza chikugwirizana, monga taonera pamwambapa, osati ndi chotsirizidwa, komanso ndi magawo a ntchito zake chitukuko. Njira yowerengera Choncho angagwiritsidwe ntchito kompyuta kuti khalidwe la katundu yomalizidwa pa nthawi ya mapulani. Koyamba deta ntchito zipangizo zoyenera mwina zinthu zambiri (mwachitsanzo, specifications mbali payekha kapena kuti makinawa alipo mu kapangidwe ka mankhwala) kapena zipangizo ndi katundu yeniyeni (zimene pamapeto, mwina chinthu chofunika kutchukitsa katundu ntchito ya mankhwala).

heuristics

Lingaliro la mankhwala khalidwe Angagwiritsidwenso kugwirizana ndi kutsegula kwa njira heuristic mu kudziŵa zogwirizana specifications mankhwala.

Mwa anthu organoleptic. Iye anaganiza kudziwa ubwino wa katundu, imene udindo waukulu ndi ankaimba ndi mphamvu anthu. Pamene zitheke njira organoleptic, timaphunzira fungo, kukoma kwa mankhwala, ena katundu thupi. Ngati ndi kotheka, munthu amene amaphunzira mankhwala akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito Chalk: microscopes, analyzers maikolofoni, etc ...

Pakati heuristics ena Katswiri. Lingaliro la khalidwe la katundu mulinso ntchito zake zonse kwa mtima wa makhalidwe ena a mankhwala. A mbali yaikulu ya mwambo wa njira yoyenera akatswiri kusewera - anthu amene apadera maphunziro kapena chochitika chofunika mawu a kudziŵa chofunika magawo mankhwala. Maganizo a akatswiri amenewa kungathandize yokhala ndi angachichite ndi ntchito wothandiza. Nthawi zina, akatswiri amanena n'kofunika pamene akuyerekeza zotsatira analandira ndi heuristics ena kapena njira Cholinga cha kafukufuku wa mankhwala khalidwe.

Njira heuristic nthawi zambiri amanena kuti sociological, ngakhale kuti m'njira zambiri ndi ofanana ndi amene ali m'magulu cholinga. Choncho, zotsatira za kafukufuku maganizo zoona, anagwidwa ndi chikuyandikira kulembetsa. Komabe, kumasulira zotsatira limafanana ndi muyezo wa heuristic.

Lingaliro la dongosolo la mankhwala khalidwe kumalo a ntchito amafunika nkhani ya njira zingapo mu funso, komanso zina zomwe zimachitikira m'dera kafukufuku. Izi zidalira pa makhalidwe enieni mankhwala ndi zikhalidwe za anatulutsidwa mu kampani.

i khalidwe

Tanthawuzo la "ubwino" kwa zosiyana, komanso ena zizindikiro zake zotheka takambirana. Ife tsopano kuphunzira mitundu chifungulo cha muyezo imene zingadziŵike ndi specifications mankhwala zogwirizana. Lingaliro la khalidwe kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira makhalidwe katundu ndi choikidwa angapo siyana kiyi.

Choncho, pali generalizing muyezo. Zina ndi monga Mwachitsanzo, kutalika kwa mankhwala, voliyumu ake, kalasi, kupanga zinthu. i akugwirizanira zambiri, kuyambira magawo lolingana akhoza kukhala chimodzimodzi mankhwala gulu. Ngakhale kuti aliyense wa iwo akhoza ndizodabwitsa za limatchula za dongosolo mkati.

Pali i zovuta. Iwo amati kudziwanso adzatenga makhalidwe angapo mankhwala, amene inakula. Izi zikhoza kukhala Mwachitsanzo, luso mankhwala a liziyenda kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana mphamvu, mwachitsanzo, kuchokera kubwereketsa ndi ku batire la. Zofunikira Mankhwala khalidwe akhoza kupangidwa, pa dzanja limodzi, pa maziko a nambala zotheka kwa maola ya moyo wake batire kwa batire ndi ku batire adzapereke mlingo.

Pali, nawonso, i aliyense payekha khalidwe la katundu. Iwo akhoza wachinsinsi n'kukhala zomwe tinachita mawu a zodalirika, mlingo wa kusinthasintha, magwiritsidwe antchito, standardization kapena Mwachitsanzo, dzuwa zachuma. Childs, i izi mokwanira kulekanitsidwa. Ngakhale kuti ena a iwo akhoza kuimvetsa chimodzimodzi.

Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala zina zamakono nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo chitonthozo cha ntchito. Koma izi sizichitika nthawi zonse, monga pansi manufacturability akhoza sadazindikira okha njira kulamulira mankhwala, komanso zipangizo kupanga. Mwina khalidwe m'munsi mwa mawu a zopangira ntchito yopanga katundu yabwino kwambiri ntchito kuposa amene yopangidwa ndi zisulo zamakono.

Dongosolo la kayendetsedwe khalidwe mu kumalo a ntchito

Lingaliro ndi zizindikiro za khalidwe kumalo antchito omwe siaboma ano, amakonda kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a dongosolo. Ndi, amafuna makhalidwe osiyana mankhwala amaoneka ngati khola, iwo chinaonekeranso pa nthawi. Monga ulamuliro, izo zinalembedwa mu mfundo ndi malamulo. System khalidwe chitsimikizo chikhalidwe cha makampani amapereka zonse amasulidwe katundu lolingana katundu anakhumba ntchito. Pamaso pa malamulo yunifolomu ndi mfundo kusintha kupanga dzuwa. Standardization Pankhaniyi angathe kuchitidwa pa lamulo malamulo a msinkhu. i zogwirizana, choncho kumangako osati kwa kampani inayake, komanso makampani limodzi kapena chuma cha dziko lonse.

Lingaliro la kasamalidwe khalidwe kumafuna tsatane Mipikisano kulamulira amasulidwe katundu kugwilizana ndi mfundo ndi malamulo amene ali ovomerezeka ndi boma, makampani kapena magwero m'dera la chilamulo. Phunzirani makhalidwe zogwirizana ndi katundu angathe kuchitidwa pa siteji ya chitukuko (monga ife tinanena pamwamba), komanso pa ulimi kapena yobereka lapansi. nkhani mankhwala kulamulira khalidwe zimakhala kwapakati pa-kapangidwe ndi maulamuliro onse.

Zofunika a boma ndi malonda

Kumayambiriro kwa nkhani ino, tinaona kuti khalidwe la katundu opangidwa mu chuma msika mwachuluka chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi malamulo a kapezedwe. Pa dzanja limodzi, ogula akhoza kupanga akonzedwa a muyezo kuti zikugwirizana ndi ziyembekezo zawo ayenera zikugwirizana opangidwa wina kapena mtundu wina wa mankhwala, pa zina - makasitomala amafuna mankhwala pa mtengo angagulidwe. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kufunika standardization njira malonda, komanso kuonetsetsa ulamuliro amasokoneza adzaoneka malonda, zifukwa zoonekeratu. Ngati olimba si chofunika kuti agwire kuwerengera ndi kuwunika kupanga, kodi si mpikisano.

Koma kodi chingachitike chidwi cha boma mu standardization wa khalidwe la katundu chopangidwa mabizinesi? Mutha kufotokozanso ndi zifukwa zingapo.

Choyamba, standardization katundu boma - kufunikira chikhalidwe. chakuti ogula chikuyembekezera mlingo ankafunila wa amasokoneza zina zimasonyeza maganizo awo kuti Mlengi ayi, kudzera njira msika wa akumufuna. boma, nayenso, facilitates mgwirizano pakati pa ogula ndi katundu pa mlingo wa nkhani mauthenga pazankhani mu mawonekedwe a malamulo Kwalamulidwa mfundo. Compliance ndi kuwathandiza mabizinesi kupulumutsa katundu msika, choncho anthu.

Chachiwiri, boma ndi nthawi zambiri - phunziro la mgwirizano wa mayiko. Ntchito yake - kuonetsetsa mpikisano wa chuma cha dziko. Kukhazikitsa mfundo m'magawo ena a ulimi Mwina zimathandiza kuti ichi. chakuti kampani umodzi sikuti ndi mwayi akugwirizana ndi kofunika mpikisano njira malonda. Nawonso akatswiri amene kukhazikitsa mfundo boma, monga ulamuliro, akamanena za amafuna zofunika bwino.

Chachitatu, standardization n'kofunika boma mu nkhani za polojekiti ya Boma nkhani zachuma, makamaka mafakitale. Ngati mbewu iliyonse udzabala katundu mogwirizana ndi mfundo zawo, ogula katundu wotero zochepa kwambiri kusiyana ngati kampani amamatira ku yopanga mfundo amati: magawo a zinthu zogwirizana imeneyi si zogwirizana ndi amene zosowa za makasitomala. Malamulo okhazikika chilamulo, mtundu, zambiri yunifolomu kwa mafakitale lonse kapena ngakhale wonse i msika ngakhale mankhwala. yogwirizanitsa amenewa facilitates mauthenga ochokera kwa alimi ndi ogula, ndi chifukwa, imapereka dongosolo mosamala chuma wonse.

khalidwe la ntchito

Choncho, taphunzira malingaliro yaikulu ya quality, khalidwe la nchito za ulimi. Koma pali zambiri zochitika zina za munthu amakono, amene amatanthauza.

Choncho, pamene izo zifika ku ntchito, pali mfundo khalidwe utumiki. Iwo kupereka kwambiri wosiyana mwa kundipatsako kwa katundu, ngakhale, ndi muyezo kwa kuwunika makhalidwe zogwirizana kwakukulukulu akhoza zikugwirizana. Komanso njira.

Services, mosiyana ndi katundu, zovuta zimaonetsa ndi maonekedwe awo. chakuti chinthu milandu awo ambiri amaona zotsatira za ntchito ya athandizi m'malo payekha. Service standardization m'malo khalidwe chimango. Ndipo lingaliro limeneli kupatuka tingathere ndi mfundo Napempha kwa ogwira ntchito angathe kale amaganiza kutukula mpikisano. Barber, kupereka makasitomala kulenga hairstyle amene m'mbuyomu amadziwika salons ndi ungachititse kutchuka kwake mu chilengedwe ogula.

Ponena za gawo ntchito monga chinthu chimodzi monga momwe zilili ndi kupanga katundu anatsimikiza ndi malamulo a kapezedwe kwakukulukulu. Komabe, zofunika za wosamalira kasitomala utumiki kaŵirikaŵiri amapeza empirically anthu paokhapaokha ndi sayendera avareji zokonda zochokera anati zofuna munthu wa kasitomala, kapena malamulo kuliika pa mlingo wa mfundo boma. Wopereka misonkhano, ali nthawi zambiri ufulu wa mitengo, kuchepetsa, monga ulamuliro, kokha mlingo wa mpikisano mu gawo makamaka msika, kapena ngati beseni ndi gawo laling'ono, mlingo wa kufunika, potsata pa solvency ndi makhalidwe ena okhudzidwa wa chandamale omvera ogula.

Mbali chikhalidwe cha khalidwe

Pali mawu akuti "khalidwe la moyo". Mfundo zake kwambiri osokoneza anamasulira ndi ofufuza. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti mwachindunji chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi mlingo wa ndalama munthu. Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti "khalidwe la moyo" - mfundo ndi zambiri zachilengedwe, ali zochepa kuchita ndi chuma, monga chilengedwe. Akatswiri ena kuganizira yoyenera akuti ku mawonedwe a ungwiro wa mabungwe chikhalidwe. Choncho, mfundo ndi khalidwe la maphunziro, mlingo wa chitukuko cha mankhwala, malamulo anadutsa boma, akhoza kukhala mwachindunji ndi gulu funso.

Pali kutanthauzira maganizo mawu amenewa funso. Choncho, pali mfundo "khalidwe la umunthu." kutanthauzira kwawo zina zingakhale zotengera malingaliridwe ndithu. makhalidwe - ndi pafupifupi gulu. The chikhalidwe maganizo angathe kutanthauziridwa ndi anthu osiyanasiyana yosiyana njira yochokera pa masomphenya a anthu phindu lawo ndi kugwirizana ndi gulu makamaka a anthu.