Chiyambi cha mbalame makamaka mfundo chidwi ndi mawonekedwe. Ubwino ndi chitetezo cha mbalame

Mbalame - abwenzi nthenga wa munthu. udindo wawo m'chilengedwe kwambiri. anachokera, tanthauzo ndi chitetezo anafotokoza m'nkhani.

Mbalame: mudziwe ambiri

Mbalame mwadongosolo nyama magazi ofunda. Mu chikhalidwe, pali mitundu inayi zikwi za mbalame ano. Mbali khalidwe la kalasi ndi mbali zotsatirazi:

• Nthenga.
• Mwakhama mlomo wa diso lapansi.
• No mano.
• A peyala ya miyendo kutsogolo inasanduka mapiko.
• Thorax, m'chiuno lamba ndi awiri miyendo chachiwiri ndi dongosolo lapadera.
• The mtima ali zipinda zinayi.
• Pali kathumba mpweya.
• Mbalame amawaumbatira mazira.

Mbalame, ikulongosola ambiri amene anapereka pamwamba, chifukwa mbali pamwamba kuwuluka. Izi chimasiyanitsa iwo kuchokera makalasi zina inakhala.

Maonekedwe padziko lapansi

Chiyambi cha mbalame chafotokozedwa ndi ziphunzitso zingapo. Pa mmodzi wa iwo akuyenera mbalame zamoyo mitengo. Choyamba, iwo analumpha nthambi. Kenako ndinazembera, ndiye kupanga ndege yaing'ono mtengo umodzi, ndipo potsiriza anaphunzira kuuluka malo lotseguka.

chiphunzitso china zikusonyeza kuti chiyambi cha mbalame amagwirizana ndi makolo a mbalame, amene anali zokwawa ndi miyendo inayi. Kusinthika, mamba anakhala nthenga, kulola zokwawa kuti kulumpha, zouluka pang'ono. Kenako, nyama aphunzira kuwuluka.

Chiyambi cha mbalame ku zokwawa

Kuchokera pa mfundo imeneyi, tikhoza kunena kuti makolo a mbalame komanso kukwawa zokwawa. Choyamba, zisa zawo zinali pansi. Chimakopa ogwirira kuti mowirikiza kuwononga zisa ndi anapiye. Kusamalira ana awo, chokwawa anakakhala nthambi pakatikati pa mitengo. Pa nthawi yomweyo pa mazira anayamba kupanga chipolopolo zovuta. Zisanachitike, iwo anali TACHIMATA ndi filimu. M'malo mamba anali nthenga, amene anali ngati gwero la kutentha kwa mazira. miyendo ndi yaitali wokutidwa ndi nthenga.

Chiyambi cha mbalame ku zokwawa akale Poona asayansi amakhulupirira. Makolo a mbalame nkuyamba kusamalira ana awo: akudya anapiye mu chisa. Kuti chakudya chotafuna wosweka mutizidutswa tating'ono ting'ono ndi kuchiika mu milomoyo ana. Ndi luso kuuluka, mbalame akale achikale nthawi akhoza bwino kudziteteza kwa adani ndi adani awo.

Makolo - waterfowl

Chiyambi cha mbalame, malinga ndi chiphunzitso china, chifukwa anzawo waterfowl. linakhalapo amakhalabe akuyenera Baibulo ili mbalame akale amene apezeka China. Malinga ndi asayansi, iwo anali m'madzi ndipo anakhala kuposa zaka mamilioni zana zapitazo.

Malingana ndi chiphunzitso, mbalame ndi zinyamazi anakhala pamodzi zaka miliyoni sikisite. Pakati amapeza zinali nthenga, minofu Kakhungu. Mukamakonzekera chotsalira zokwiriridwa anapanga mfundo yotsatirayi: Makolo akale a mbalame kusambira. Kupeza chakudya kuchokera mmadzi, iwo ali pamadzi.

The mbalame monga ndi zokwawa?

Tikamaphunzira chiyambi cha mbalame, kufanana pakati pa iwo ndi nthumwi za magulu ena si kovuta. Feathering ndi mbali yochititsa chidwi cha maonekedwe a mbalame. Mu nyama zina mulibe nthenga. Kusiyana kwa mbalame ndi zinyama zina. Zizindikiro za kufanana zotsatirazi:

• zala ndi bobbin ambiri mbalame yokutidwa ndi mamba ndi scutes wa diso, monga mwa zokwawa. Choncho, mamba pa miyendo akhoza m'malo nthenga. Characteristically, zoyambira za nthenga mbalame ndi nyama zokwawa musati amasiyana. Only mbalame ndi nthenga ndiye anakamba, ndi zokwawa - mamba.
• Kufufuza chiyambi cha mbalame, makamaka kufanana kwa zimene ndi zokwawa zosaneneka, asayansi anatsimikiza kuti otchuka kwambiri ndi nsagwada zida. Only mu mbalame, iye anasanduka mulomo, ndipo zokwawa wofanana ngati akamba.
• Chidzindikiro chinango kufanana kwa mbalame ndi nyama zokwawa - chigoba dongosolo. Chigaza ndi msana linanena hump imodzi yokha ili ndi dera occipital. Pomwe nyama ndi achule mu ndondomeko imeneyi nawo timabamputimabampu awiri.
• Malo lamba m'chiuno cha mbalame ndi zinyamazi ali yemweyo. Izi zimaoneka mu malasha mafupa. Tsambali lili kugwirizana ndi katundu pa mafupa a mafupa a chiuno pa kuyenda, monga thupi umachitika yokhudza okha miyendo yakumbuyo.
• Mu mbalame ndi nyama zokwawa mtima Quad. Ena zokwawa kuzunguza mitu zipinda ndi chosakwanira, ndiyeno wolumikizira ndi magazi venous ali osokonezeka. Chotero mwankhanzaku zokwawa otchedwa. Mbalame ndi gulu apamwamba, poyerekeza ndi zokwawa, iwo ndi magazi ofunda. Izi ikuchitidwa ndi kuchotsa chotengera amanyamula magazi mu msempha ku mtsempha wa. Mu mbalame, zilibe kusakaniza ndi wolumikizira.
• Wina ofanana mbali - kuswa mazira. Izi ndi zina mwa pythons. Agwira khumi ndi mazira. Njoka pindilani pa iwo, kupanga mtundu wa denga.
• mbalame kwambiri ngati mazira chokwawa, amene gawo loyamba la chitukuko ofanana ndi zolengedwa nsomba ngati ndi michira ndi makutu. Izi zimapangitsa tione tsogolo ngati mwana wankhuku mu inakhala ena magawo oyambirira chitukuko.

Kusiyana mbalame ku zokwawa

Pamene zokwiriridwa kuphunzira chiyambi cha mbalame, iwo amafanizira mfundo ndi anapezazo anasonkhana pang'ono pang'ono, ndi kupeza zomwe mbalame ofanana ndi zokwawa.

kusiyana awo, onani pansipa:

• Pamene kunabwera mbalame phiko choyamba, iwo anayamba kuwuluka.
• Kutentha thupi la mbalame sadalira zinthu zakunja ndi nthawi zonse ndi lalitali, pamene chokwawa akugona pa nthawi ya nyengo yozizira.
• Mbalame mafupa ambiri zinaphatikizidwa, iwo kusiyana ndi kukhalapo kwa Tariso.
• Mu mbalame, pali matumba mpweya.
• Mbalame kumanga zisa, mazira ndi Ayamwitse ana awo.

Pervoptitsy

Panopa anapeza mafupa a mbalame wakale. Ndaphunzira ofufuza anazindikira kuti iwo onse a mitundu yemweyo, amene anakhala zaka zana ndi miliyoni makumi asanu zapitazo. Iwo archeopteryx, amene anawamasulira amatanthauza "drevneperye". Amasiyana mbalame ano motero kuti Archeopteryx kuti zigwire osiyana magawano - yascherohvostye mbalame.

Little anaphunzira mbalame akale. makhalidwe General kumachepetsa kuti tipeze maonekedwe ndi ena mwa maonekedwe a mafupa m'mimba. Pervoptitsa ndi wamfupi, mochuluka ngati makumi ano. Forelegs iye anali ndi mapiko, malekezero a omwe kutha ndi zitatu zala yaitali ndi chiombankhanga. fupa kulemera kwakukulu, kotero mbalame wakale chiyani kuuluka, koma kukwawa.

Habitat - m'madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja mathamandawa m'madzi ndi zomera wandiweyani. Nsagwada ndi mano, ndi mchira - ndi vertebrae. Pakati Archeopteryx ndi mbalame ano palibe kugwirizana anakhazikitsa. Pervoptitsy sanali makolo mwachindunji mbalame wathu.

Ubwino ndi chitetezo cha mbalame

Chiyambi cha mbalame ndi chofunika kwambiri m'chilengedwe. Mbalame ndi mbali ya unyolo kwachilengedwenso zimakhudzidwa vuto la nkhani wamoyo. Mphamvu mbalame zamiyendo Inayi zipatso, mbewu zomera.

mbalame osiyana ndi maudindo osiyana. Granivorous - kudya mbewu ndi zipatso, mitundu - Umbombo iwo adzazolowera wautali. Pa njira yopita ku malo a mbewu anataya. Nkhani ya mbewu kufalitsa. Ena mbalame zimatha mungu iwo.

Amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pa chikhalidwe cha mbalame insectivorous. Iwo kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha tizilombo kudya iwo. Ngati panalibe mbalame, tizilombo zowononga ntchito adzakhala mpaka kalekale.

Munthu, mphamvu zake ndi mbalame otetezeka amawathandiza kupulumuka mu nyengo nkhanza. Anthu kulikonse anapachika zisa zosakhalitsa. Atakhala akawelewele, flycatchers, titmice. nthawi yozizira yodziwika ndi chosowa chakudya Mwachibadwa mbalame. Choncho, mbalame ayenera kudyetsedwa Anadzaza kukaikira mazira zipatso ang'ono, mbewu, mkate zinyenyeswazi. Ena mbalame ndi mitundu malonda: atsekwe, abakha, grouse, capercaillie, wakuda grouse. phindu kwa munthu wamkulu. Sports chidwi woodcocks, snipe, snipe.

mfundo zosangalatsa

Kuyambira nthawi makedzana: thupi ndi miyendo Archeopteryx munali nthenga yaitali, zitatu ndi theka masentimita. Izo zikhoza kapadera kuti miyendo mbalame m'mwamba. Nthenga tinatengera kwa makolo awo, amene anakhalako kale ndi ndege ntchito mapiko zonse zinayi.

Today: kudzaza mbalame kukaikira mazira kudyetsa, muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti mchere padzakhala kugunda. Ndi chiphe mbalame woyera.