"Chilango": ndemanga. "Chilango" ndi Fodora Mihaylovicha Dostoevskogo: mwachidule a m'nkhaniyi

Fedor Mihaylovich Dostoevsky - mmodzi wa ndiAmene zofunika kwambiri osati mabuku Russian, komanso dziko, ofanana kwa anthu onse. The Kunena za mlembi wamkulu lero anamasuliridwa ndi kufalitsidwa m'zinenero zambiri. ntchito Dostoevsky a zinapatsira chifundo ndi chikondi chosaneneka anthu wamba. Wapadera talente kusonyeza makhalidwe kuya kwa moyo wa munthu, amene iliyonse mosamala amabisa padziko lonse - ndicho chimene chimakopa anthu kuti ntchito za wolemba kwambiri.

Fyodor Dostoevsky: "Chilango" - chaka kulemba ndi owerenga ndemanga

Mwina maganizo kwambiri buku Dostoevsky a - ndi "Chilango". Zinalembedwa 1866, zinandipangitsa ndi maganizo kukoma pa olemekezeka omvera owerenga. Monga mwa nthawi zonse, maganizo anagawanika. Ena, pamwamba leafed mwa masamba angapo woyamba, anali anakwiya: "anamenyedwa mutu!" Amene anagwira kuwerenga chilichonse, monga kutsindika mthupi mwawo ndi kudzitama kwambiri mfundo za kuwerenga ndipo sanazindikire maganizo wolemba, modzipereka chisoni wakupha woonamtima. Enanso anaponya buku, ponena: "Kodi kuwawa - bukuli"

Amenewa anali mayankho ambiri. "Chilango", mankhwala ndi mtengo wapatali kwambiri mabuku, izo sizinayende anapeza sazindikira. Komabe, iwo wachibadidwe anasintha njira lonse cikhalidwe za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Tsopano pa madyerero yolembedwa ndi madzulo mafashoni ntchito kunali kukambirana za. Kudzaza chete zovuta angakhale kukambirana Raskolnikov. Iwo amene anali tsokali mwachindunji kuwerenga mankhwala msanga kuti andipeze.

A mfundo yabodza ya buku "Chilango"

Ine kumvetsa zimene anali kuuza owerenga wa buku Dostoevsky, pamene ochepa ndikanathera. Ambiri amangoona nsonga ya madzi oundana kuti: Student kuphedwa, amawerenga zaipa. Version a misala ndipo mothandizidwa ndi otsutsa ambiri. Imeneyi, iwo anangowona lingaliro chotheka za moyo ndi imfa ya protagonist lapansi. Komabe, zimenezi si zoona: muyenera kuyang'ana kwambiri mu moyo, kuti athe kugwira akupangira wochenjera pa zililidi.

The mavuto akudzutsa F. M. Dostoevskim

Nkhani yaikulu analeredwa ndi wolemba, ndi kovuta kusiyanitsa ndi enawo - kwambiri m'zigawozigawo lofalitsidwa "Chilango". Buku lili ndi mavuto a makhalidwe abwino, kapena kani, wopanda; mavuto amene adzauka kwa lochitira pakati zofanana pa anthu oyambirira Mwachidule. Osati udindo wotsiriza ankaimba ndi mutu wa zinthu zofunika kopanda pake: wolemba zikusonyeza zimene zimachitika kwa anthu lodzaza ndi ndalama.

Mosiyana ndi zimene ambiri amakhulupirira, ndi protagonist wa Dostoevsky a buku "Chilango" sikukutanthauza m'badwo achinyamata a nthawi imeneyo. Anthu ambiri otsutsa atanthauzira khalidwe ndi udani, kusankha kuti Raskolnikov wolemba anasonyeza mwamwano wotchuka m'zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi mochedwa, mtsinje - nihilism. Komabe, mfundo imeneyi limeneli linachokera cholakwika: wophunzira osauka Dostoevsky anamuonetsa cabe kapolo wa zinthu, munthu omwe aswa pansi kuthamanga makhalidwe chikhalidwe.

Chidule cha buku la "Chilango"

The zochitika anafotokoza kuchitika 60. m'ma 19, mu zakuda Petersburg. Rodion Raskolnikov, osauka mnyamata, wophunzira wakale, anakakamizika kukhala moyo mu chapamwamba cha chokhwima. Otopa umphawi, iwo anatumiza kwa zaka mkazi ndalama wokongoza, kuyala mtengo komaliza. Ankadziwa woledzera Marmeladov, ndi kalata mayi ake, amene amafotokoza ndi moyo mwana wake mwakhama, kugwira Rodion lingaliro lowopsya - kupha mkazi wokalamba. Iye amakhulupirira kuti ndalama akhoza kwa wokongoza adzatha moyo mosavuta kwa iye, ngati sichoncho, ndiye osachepera banja lake.

Ganizo chiwawa ndi zosiyana ndi wophunzira, koma anaganiza mlandu waukulu. Kuti timvetse wake chiphunzitso cha Raskolnikov thandizo akugwira mawu "Chilango," Dostoevsky "Mu moyo limodzi -. Ambirimbiri kupulumutsidwa ku kuwola ndi kuwonongeka imfa wina ndi moyo zana kuwombola - chake, ndiye masamu" "Osati kuti kwambiri, - wophunzira - komanso pang'ono amodzimodzi anthu akukumana nawo mwachibadwa ali ndi zigawenga -. Kwambiri kapena zochepa, kumene" maganizo amenewa Rodion analimbikitsa kuyesa okha, kuzindikira zolinga zathu. Akupha mkazi wachikulire ndi nkhwangwa, aichotsa chinthu chamtengo wapatali ndi sanatchulidwenso powonekera.

Pamaziko a zodabwitsa amphamvu Raskolnikov chililaka matenda. The nkhani yonseyo ali sindinkakhulupirira ndi otalikirana ndi anthu osati zolakwika. Rodion ankadziwa Sonya Marmeladov, - hule amene amakakamizidwa ntchito mabanja paumphawi - amatsogolera kuzindikiridwa. Koma, mosiyana ndi ziyembekezo, wakupha, chakuya wokhulupirira Sonia chisoni ndiponso otsimikizira kuti adzatha pamene amapereka ndi adzalangidwa.

Chifukwa, Raskolnikov, ngakhale odzilungamitsa, kuvomereza kuti upandu. Kumutsatira kundende potsogolera ndi Sonia. Zaka zoyambirira Rodion ozizira kwa iye - iyenso otalikirana, taciturn, okayikitsa. Koma pa nthawi, kulapa kwenikweni akubwera kwa iye, ndipo mu moyo ayamba kutuluka latsopano kumverera - chikondi cha bwenzi wodzipereka.

The zilembo zazikulu za buku la

Kukhala lomveka maganizo khalidwe makamaka sizingatheke - aliyense pano Kulipodi, momwe kwenikweni owerenga. Ngakhale pa chidutswa ka mawu ndi zovuta kumvetsa kuti ndi Fyodor Dostoevsky - ". Chilango" The zilembo zazikulu za wapadera kwathunthu, zilembo kutenga nthawi yaitali ndi woganiza kusanthula - ndi zizindikiro za Kuzindikira maganizo.

Rodion Raskolnikov

Raskolnikov yekha akadali ankabwerera ndi ndemanga losanganikirana. "Chilango" - chilengedwe cha kwambiri Mipikisano faceted, atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena, ndipo pomwepo kumvetsa ngakhale chizolowezi monga chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe, ndi zovuta. Kumayambiriro kwa mbali yoyamba anafotokoza maonekedwe a Rodion: wamtali, wochepa mnyamata ndi woderapo tsitsi ndi mdima limaonetseratu maso. Hero ndithudi wokongola - ndi zikuchepa zambiri umasiyana ndi chiwawa ndi umphawi kuti dziko ladzala ndi imvi Petersburg.

Rodion khalidwe osokoneza kwambiri. Pamene zinthu zikuchitika, owerenga amaphunzira zinthu zambiri za moyo wopambana. Patapita nthawi yaitali, kupha ndi kuti Raskolnikov aliyense angathe chifundo atapeza woledzera bwino Marmeladov chisoni mphunzitsi, anapereka ndalama zonse kuti banja lake maliro. Kusiyana pakati pa makhalidwe abwino ndi kupha ali owerenga kukayikira: ndi lowopsya kuti munthu monga woyamba Zikuoneka?

Kuona Rodion zochita ku mfundo Mkhristu maganizo, wolemba limati: Raskolnikov ndi wolakwa. Komabe, kukhumudwa chachikulu - osati kudzipha, osati kuti waphwanya lamulo. Chinthu choyipa chiri, Rodion - chimene chiri chiphunzitso chake: gulu la anthu ku anthu "ufulu" ndipo amene amaona "cholengedwa ozunza." "Aliyense ndi ofanana - anati Dostoevsky - onse ali ndi ufulu chomwecho kwa moyo."

Sonechka Marmeladova

Chidwi zochepa woyeneradi Sonia Marmeladov. Apa mmene limafotokoza Dostoevsky: yochepa, woonda, koma ndithu wokongola tsitsi zaka khumi ndi maso okongola buluu. Amasiyana kotheratu Raskolnikov: si wokongola kwambiri, inconspicuous, wofatsa ndi wodzichepetsa, Sonia, monga anaitana wolemba, komanso akuswa lamulo. Koma ngakhale pano panalibe kufanana ndi Rodion: sikunali tchimo.

chododometsa Izi mosavuta anafotokoza kuti: Sonia si wogawanika anthu ku chabwino ndi choipa; iye amakondadi aliyense. Gulu ntchito kunapangitsa kuti banja lake kupulumuka zinthu zomvetsa chisoni umphawi, ndi mtsikana yekha, kuiwala za moyo wawo, anapereka moyo wake ku utumiki wa banja lake. Nsembe sichingafafanizidwe mfundo za upandu - ndi Sonia mlandu uliwonse.

ndemanga yovuta: "Chilango"

Monga tanenera kale pamwambapa, kuti aone mwana woona wa Dostoevsky sanali onse. Anthu amene ali kutali ndi luso la mawu, mu mapangidwe maganizo ankadalira kwambiri pa mayankho a otsutsa otchuka; amene nawonso, zimaoneka mu ntchito ya wina chinachake chosiyana. Mwatsoka, ambiri, lodziwa m'lingaliro chibwenzi, kulakwitsa - ndi zolakwa zawo zinachititsa kuti maganizo onyenga.

Choncho, mwachitsanzo, A. Suvorin - ndithu munthu otchuka amene ali ndi kusanthula "Chilango" anapanga wotchuka mu kusindikizidwa "Russian boma yotchedwa Gazette" Iye anati: akamanena za mankhwala ankachitira "chowawa azimuth lonse zolembalemba ntchito" Fedora Dostoevskogo. Rodion, malinga ndi otsutsa, ambiri safuna kutchula zina malangizo kapena kaganizidwe, anaphatikizana zambiri, koma munthu wodwala kwambiri. Iye ngakhale dzina Raskolnikov mantha, mtundu kooky.

categorical otere mbali yake: P. Strakhov, munthu pafupi Dostoevsky, anati: mphamvu yaikulu wolemba si zina gulu la anthu, ndi "mu malo a fano, luso kwambiri kumvetsa kayendedwe munthu ndi kusokonekera kwa moyo wa munthu." Ngati Suvorin, P. Strakhov sanali kulabadira kwa tsoka zomvetsa chisoni m'nkhaniyi ndi ntchito sankaoneka ngati bwino kwambiri za kupotoza abwino.

Dostoevsky - ndi realist?

molondola kwambiri m'zimene Dostoyevsky wolemba-realist akanatha Di Pisarev, kulemba za maganizo yothandiza. "Chilango" mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani "kulimbana kwa moyo" mu wotsutsa ake anamulerera funso la chitukuko makhalidwe a anthu amene azungulira chigawenga. A mfundo yofunika kwambiri za buku anali kukonza ndi wolemba izi: gawo la ufulu, amene anali mu malo a Raskolnikov, anali negligible ndithu. Zimayambitsa woona wa upandu Pisarev amaona umphawi, kutsutsana za moyo Russian, kugwa makhalidwe a anthu Raskolnikov ozungulira.

Phindu lenileni la chikondi

"Chilango" - bukhu la moyo weniweniwo Russian. Mbali khalidwe la luso la Fedora Mihaylovicha Dostoevskogo ndi mphamvu yake wamphamvu chikondi osati anthu "motsimikiza wokongola" komanso wagwa, wosweka, ochimwa. Kuti zolinga za anthu zikupezeka mu buku wotchuka "Chilango". The zili m'machaputala, ndime, mizere, muli wolemba owawa amalira chifukwa cha tsoka kwa anthu Russian, tsogolo la Russia yokha. Iye akusowa adzaitana pa wowerenga chifundo, chifukwa popanda iye zauve izi, dziko wankhanza, moyo - komanso imfa - ayi, izo sizinali, ndipo sizidzakhala konse.