Chidule cha "Polecat ndi Kalinych" pa nkhani ya kumvetsa kwake Turgenev

Nkhani "Polecat ndi Kalinych" - ulemerero weniweni wa lanyimbo lalifupi ndi essays Turgenev a "Mfundo za Hunter". Iwo yophatikiza anaona onse lenileni la wolemba ndi maganizo ake pa zinthu zokhudza Russian "chimake". Kwambiri oona nkhani, umboni ndi mau ake. "Polecat ndi Kalinych" - chifaniziro chenicheni cha moyo national kwa gulu lonse.

Nkhani ya mankhwala

m'nkhaniyi anali zogwirizana yake. kuti pa nthawi ya Turgenev anthu panalibe umodzi kumvetsa mavuto a "ubwenzi kwa anthu." M'njira zosiyanasiyana, iye anamasulira Slavophiles (ponena kuti alimi odzipereka "masiku akale" ndi zimene zimatsutsana ndi kusintha kwa) ndi bourgeois ideologists (ponena kuti ubale wa pakati pa makolo ndi ana nzika-alimi zogwirizana). Makhalidwe polecat ndi Kalinych mfundo zimenezi bwino refutes.

Preimages sewero ngwazi

Monga anatsimikiza chiwembu cha nkhani, ndi mwininyumba Kaluga m'chigawo Bambo Polutykin ankakumana pa maziko a ubwenzi mangawawo kwa kusaka ndi woyambitsa wa nkhani. Zimphona "Polecat ndi Kalinych" nkhani yeniyeni. Ndipotu, mwini kuchereza alendo a malo kusaka dzina lake Nikolay Aleksandrovich Golofeev. Ivan Sergeyevich kwenikweni kumudziwa pa kukasaka, ndipo anakhala naye kwa masiku angapo. Komanso, kuwerenga komanso kuzindikira Turgenev nkhani okha m'menemo, Bambo Golofeev adakhumudwa ndi Ivan Sergeevicha.

Chifaniziro cha olemera serf polecat, wamphamvu khamu ophunzira alipodi zing'onozing'ono. Mudzi panopa Horevka Ulyanovsk dera Kaluga dera chakula kuchokera zakale polecat munda. Patatha zaka kukhala pa polecat Afanasiy Afanasevich Fet, kulingalira mwansangala ndi "Herculean Kuwonjezera" mwini octogenarian, amene "zaka -. Amakhumudwa" Alendo ndi mwini munda nthawi zonse amasangalala kusonyeza nkhani Turgenev a. Iye, ndithudi, anadziwa ndi mtima mau ake. "Polecat ndi Kalinych" Choncho zikusonyeza anthu enieni ndiponso zimene weniweni.

Ubwenzi polecat ndi Kalinych

Polecat - chete, woganiza banja. Koma analibe atumiki. Big banja losangalala polecat: ana asanu, monga zamphamvu ngati bambo ake kumanga mkulu lalikulu nyumba, kasamalidwe patsogolo, kuthandizana. Kamodzi mwininyumba ndi Polutykin zinamupatsa kutuluka m'madera akumidzi ndi atakhala rents 50 rubles. Maziko munda wake kotero Polecat anapezerapo bizinesi, omwe ankaona izo basi kulipira mwininyumba $ 100. Ngati n'koyenera, iye akanakhoza kulipira ngongole ndi kukhala mfulu, koma safuna. Chifukwa chiyani? zanyengo - m'dziko ndi ntchito, ndi zina zonse naye. Iye ali ndi Chilengedwe - rationalist, handyman. Polecat bwino anthu ndi boma.

Izi khamu amphamvu Eti ndi mnzanu weniweni Kalinych, oddly mokwanira, popenyana kwambiri kwa iye. Last amakhala Bobylev. Kalinych sadziwa kulima, kupeza ndi kusunga ndalama. Komabe, iye ali ndi ubwino wake. Iye amadziwa nyama, amadziwa momwe angachitire ndi njuchi, ali zamatsenga maluso amene ntchito mankhwala. anthu kwathunthu osiyana, ndipo Khor Kalinych. Short zili nkhani Komabe, umboni wa ubwenzi wawo pafupi. Yeniyeni ndi wololera Polecat chifukwa Kalinych amalandira, ngati n'koyenera, thandizo polimbana ndi ziweto, chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi Kalinych - thandizo kuchokera polecat pa nkhani za tsiku ndi tsiku, kumene kuli otukwana. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, onse ali interlocutors chidwi. Turgenev analemba nkhani yake iye anasiya kampani yawo ndi kusafuna kwambiri.

maganizo Polecat pa anthu Russian

Ophunzira ntchito Polecat refutes maganizo a "akatswiri pa anthu" Slavophiles zotamandira chisanadze Petrine Russia, nkhani za mkulu wa mabishopu Russian wamba. Woyenera khamu akulowa munda nawo mikangano. Iye akukhulupirira kuti Peter Ine mwa kusintha ake anachita chimodzimodzi monga chinali kuchita weniweni Russian munthu. Nkhani waphatikizapo maganizo a ansangala, monga zatsimikiziridwa mwa chidule cha. "Polecat ndi Kalinych" m'kamwa ichi "mwini malo," anati kuti ngati anthu wamba kusintha chilichonse, powona kuchokera bwanji othandiza si mantha kukwaniritsa kusintha.

Komano, ndi Polecat nzeru zapamwamba mu chitukuko, ndi malingaliro a dziko lauzimu kalekale kumverera apamwamba pa mwinimunda Polutykin. Iye akuona kuti ndi akuganiza kwambiri, ndipo ulimi chikhulupiriro. Komabe, chifukwa maganizo a umunthu, nthawizonse mwaulemu wake "mbuye", ngakhale mu nthawi yake yopuma kutali amanyoza pa iye. Kumvetsa ubwenzi Polutykin ndi polecat, m'pofunika kuzindikira kuti ndi boma la zinthu, kuziyika izo modekha, si zogwirizana ndi maganizo bourgeois pa landlords makolo.

Pomaliza

Tikumbukenso kuti, mutawerenga Mwachidule izi? "Polecat ndi Kalinych" - nkhani, yolembedwa ndi nthawi ndi malo. Iye anapangitsa waukulu kulira pagulu, mikangano. Kudzapita ntchito anali Belinsky, Herzen, Annenkov. Komabe, nkhani ya sanatenge Slavophiles, abale Aksakov. Koma makamaka ayankhe kuwulula othana E. Volkova amene anapeza "ganizo zoipa kwa anthu wamba," amene amanena kuti ufulu kuti zikhoza kukhala bwino kuposa mwini malo.