Auriga - ndi kuwundana mu kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Kufotokozera, nyenyezi yowala

M'nyengo yozizira, nyenyezi mu mlengalenga yowala kwambiri kuposa kale mu chilimwe, kotero asangalale osati zakuthambo yekha ndi okonda kuyenda ina. A tione zimene ali! Wamkulu Orion limatuluka pamwamba m'chizimezime, limodzi ndi Gemini ndi Taurus, ndi pafupi iwo anayatsa Auriga - kuwundana ndi kale ndipo ambiri chidwi. Tsopano ndi pa chidwi wathu.

malo

Auriga - ndi kuwundana owala ndi kuonekera kwambiri kwa apoyera. Mu mawonekedwe izo akufanana osasamba Pentagon. Chitsogozo chabwino koposa kupeza izi chithunzi lakumwamba ndi Big wonyika. Pang'ono pomwe izo Tingaone mwachilungamo yowala malo. Izi Alpha Auriga, Capella - nyenyezi imene mukhoza kuona ndi zinthu si yabwino kwambiri. Iye anati chimodzi mwa mfundo za Pentagon. Pang'ono lamanja (kum'mawa) wa Chapel ndi yaing'ono elongated makona anapanga ndi zounikira atatu. nyenyezi Awa kumwamba pamodzi ndi Alpha mawonekedwe Auriga asterism "mbuzi."

Benchmarks angathe kutumikira ndi zithunzi zina zakuthambo. Auriga lili kumpoto kwa Gemini kum'mawa kwa Perseus. Penyani kuwundana mu dziko lathu mungathe pafupifupi chaka chonse. Koposa zonse m'chizimezime, izo limatuluka December ndi January, ndipo mu June ndi July, pa mwake, Auriga aona zoipa mausiku kuwala ndi malo otsika.

nthano

kuwundana Auriga nyenyezi Kale, asayansi kugwirizana ndi makhalidwe angapo. M'Mesopotamiya, chithunzi lakumwamba ankatchedwa "m'busa wakuba" kapena "scimitar". Sizikudziwika Komabe, kaya zinaphatikizapo Chapel. Ku Babulo, pafupifupi onse a nyenyezi yonyezimira ya Auriga komanso chilamulira chikhalidwe ndi m'busa kuyang'anira mbuzi kapena nkhosa. Bedouins, iwo ankaona gulu la ziweto. Auriga anali mbuzi ng'ombe.

Mu zakuthambo wakale, chithunzi ichi wakumwamba poyamba ankaona kuti ndi kugwirizana ndi mbuzi odyetserako. Kenako, mbali yaikulu ya kuwundana inayamba kumagwiranso ndi munthu kuyendetsa galeta. Mu masiku a Greece wakale, ndi Auriga analankhulana Anthu angapo a nthano. Nthawi zambiri zinali Erichthonius wa Athens, mwana wa Hephaestus ndi maphunziro a Athens. Iye amataya galeta Kutulukira ndi matayala ndi akavalo anai (replicas). Monga mphoto imeneyi, komanso utumiki wopatulika kwa Athena, Erichthonius wa Athens anaikidwa mu mlengalenga ndi Zeus. Ndipo panali kuwundana Auriga.

tayamba kale

Nthano ya Greece wakale, ndipo isanafike nkhani yake unakhudzadi kwambiri pa chithunzi chikhalidwe kuwundana lapansi. Pa maps of kumwamba usiku Tingaone Aurigae m'mafanizidwe a anthu, limene lili kumbuyo kwa mbuzi, ndi pa dzanja - ana awiri. Kale, ngakhale allocated ndi kuwundana osiyana wa mbuzi, zomwe correlates ndi nthano Amalhteia, suckled Zeus. Capella ake, ε, ζ ndi η Aurigae. Yotsirizira mawonekedwe makona ochepa, ndilo nyenyezi yowala kudzanja lamanja la maonekedwe.

Mfundo chidwi

Kuwundana kumpoto Chigawo kumwamba Auriga limapangidwa pafupifupi 150 "mfundo". Pa m'gawo lake ndi zambiri chidwi. Choyamba, nyenyezi: Capella (Alpha), Menkalinan (beta), ndipo Al Anz Hedus (epsilon ndi zeta). Komanso, pali ndi mapulaneti Nebula IC 2149 ndi lalikulu Way limodzi MACS 0717. Kupyolera zoyang'anira kapena telesikopu kakang'ono m'dera la kumwamba wotanganidwa ndi galeta aone anamwazikana nyenyezi masango M36, M37 ndi M38. Iwo kuchotsedwa lathuli pa mtunda wa 4-4.5 zikwi kuwala zaka.

Alfa kuwundana

Ngati kamodzi kuwona chithunzi wakumwamba, funso lomwe ndi nyenyezi yowala kwambiri mu kuwundana Auriga, anatsimikiza yokha. Capella bwino wosiyana zina "mfundo" pamwamba pamutu. Amaona lachisanu ndi chimodzi yowala kumwamba ndi kuoneka bwino ngakhale pamene zinthu zabwino kwambiri zakuthambo.

Capella - nyenyezi ndi ukulu akuoneka 0,08. Iye anachotsa pa zaka 40 kuwala kwa dzuwa. Pakuti chidwi lapadziko zikuwoneka lachikasu lalanje, chifukwa umene zambiri kusokonezedwa ndi Mars. Capella ndi dongosolo la mitundu iwiri iwiri ya nyenyezi. Woyamba ndi chidwi kwambiri Chili matupi ofanana danga. Iwo ali nyenyezi chikasu ndipo upambana nyenyezi wathu wa nthawi 10 m'mimba mwake. Mtunda pakati pa awiri zigawo ndi magawo awiri okha kutalika kwa gawo "Dzuwa - Earth".

Gawo lachiwiri la dongosolo wapangidwa atumiki wofiira. Iwo kuchotsedwa awiri nyenyezi chikasu pa kuwala chaka. atumiki Red ndi laling'ono kwambiri mu kukula ndi zimatulutsa yambiri zazing'ono kuwala.

beta Aurigae

Menkalinan - nyenyezi, yowala wachiwiri chithunzi wakumwamba. Dzinali mu Arabic amatanthauza "mapewa a munthu wonyamula impso." Beta Aurigae - wa patatu nyenyezi dongosolo. Awiri zigawo zake pafupifupi ofanana ndi mnzake. Nyenyezi iliyonse mu awiri, akuwalira nthawi 48 lamphamvu kuposa Sun ndipo ali subgiants kalasi. Mtunda pakati pa miyambo ya awiri ang'ono kwambiri - yekha 0,08 Au, amene ali ofanana ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo wa gawo "Dziko Lapansi - Sun". The mtima wa awiriawiri onse a haidrojini chigawo watha. Nyenyezi kudutsa siteji ya kusanduka pamene kukula ndi kuwala kuyamba kuwonjezera chifukwa njira yatsopano kunachitika matumbo a. A mtunda kakang'ono pakati pa zigawo zikuluzikulu kumabweretsa mapindikidwe awo mchikakamizo cha mphamvu osefukira. Zotsatirapo izi zimachitika - nthawi kalunzanitsidwe chithandizo ndi kuzungulira olamulira a kasinthasintha. chifukwa chimaonetsera chakuti nyenyezi ziwiri nthawi akukumana mzake kumbali imodzi.

The chigawo chachitatu cha dongosolo - nyenyezi yaing'ono wofiira chosonyeza awiri pa mtunda wa 330 Au. Ndi apoyera sikutheka kusunga Earth.

Epsilon

Auriga - ndi kuwundana wa chinthu chimodzi chimene chikutsimikizira ndi rivet chidwi cha zakuthambo amakono ambiri. Iwo epsilon chitsanzo lakumwamba ndi Almaaz maina chikhalidwe ( "mbuzi") ndi Al Anz (phindu lenileni osadziwika). Anaposa bayinare nyenyezi chidwi cha akatswiri ambiri padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa cha chinsinsi chimodzi mwa zigawo lapansi. Bright mchitidwe dongosolo Epsilon Aurigae - supergiant wa kawalidwe mtundu F0. utali wozungulira ake nthawi 100-200 kwambiri dzuwa. Yowala nyenyezi "patsogolo" a nyenyezi wathu mu nthawi 40-60 zikwi.

The chigawo chachiwiri amaganiza kuti zogwirizana ndi kawalidwe kalasi B. Mu mabuku izo amatchedwa "wosaonekayo". Pakatha zaka 27, abera bwanji pa masiku 630-740 (pafupifupi 2 zaka) nyenyezi yowala. Njirayi imatchedwa zosaoneka chifukwa limatulutsa kuwala kwenikweni amenewa chinthu, ndiye zimakhala zovuta kuphunzira. Anthu ena amanena kuti mbali mdima ndi dongosolo bayinare atazunguliridwa ndi wandiweyani fumbi litayamba, kapena nyenyezi kapena semitransparent wakuda dzenje. maphunziro Recent ntchito Spitzer asonyeza kuti, osalephera, chinthu chachinsinsi - nyenyezi a kalasi B. wazunguliridwa ndi chimbale yafumbi lopangidwa particles mwachilungamo lalikulu, chokhala kukula kwa miyala. Komabe, mfundo pa nkhani imeneyi silinakwaniritsidwe anapereka, ndipo dongosolo anapitiriza kuphunzira.

zeta

Wina bayinare anaposa mu chithunzi wakumwamba - Zeta Aurigae. maina mbiri ya nyenyezi - ndi Hedus Sadatoni. Iye amawala nthawi 1,700 wowala kuposa dzuwa. dongosolo tichipeza zigawo ziwiri. The choyamba - lalanje yaikulu kawalidwe mtundu K4. The chachiwiri - woyera buluu nyenyezi ili pa ndondomeko zikuluzikulu ndipo wachokera ku kalasi B5. 2,66 Chaka chilichonse, iye "mbisoweka" chifukwa mdima kwambiri, koma woposa kukula kwa chigawo chachikulu. Izi kadamsana kuchepetsa kuwala wonse wa nyenyezi ndi pafupifupi 15%.

Mtunda pafupifupi pakati pa zigawo za dongosolo Akuti pa 4.2 wagawo zakuthambo. Iwo atembenuza m'mipita elongated.

Auriga - kuwundana, osangalatsa kuonerera popanda zipangizo zonse, ndi kwa kufufuza mothandizidwa ndi zida akatswiri. zinthu wake akhoza kundiuza kwambiri chidwi kwambiri, ndi zina zakuthambo padziko lonse anatumiza telesikopu awo pa iwo.