Akumwetulira dzina lake Aleksandr: mfundo zosangalatsa za moyo

Pa Aleksandra Grina mbiri wapadera kwambiri mabuku Russian. nyimbo zake lopangidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zithunzi pachiyambi maonekedwe. moyo wolemba anali monga mosalekeza ndi zodabwitsa.

ubwana

Anabadwa akumwetulira dzina lake Aleksandr mu chigawo Vyatka mu Slobodskoy. Ndi mtundu anali theka Polish. bambo ake anali nawo zipolowe zoukira boma tsarist ndi ku Siberia. Kale ankaloledwa kukhazikika mu Vyatka. Stefan Grinovsky, kapena kachitidwe Russian Stepan, anakwatira wamng'ono namwino Anna Lepkova.

Alexander anali mwana wawo woyamba. Iye anabadwa mu 1880. Mwana anali wosiyana ndi khalidwe. Nthawi zonse zoipa, ndipo panthawi ina sukulu. Kuyambira ali mwana ankakonda kuwerenga, ndipo buku lake loyamba linali buku satirical "Gulliver a Maulendo." Monga mukudziwa, panali zinthu za zopeka, choncho n'zosadabwitsa kuti akumwetulira dzina lake Aleksandr mu akula analemba polemba chinenero ichi. Pseudonym pa nthawi imene Yesu anakhala wotchuka mu mabuku Russian, anali chidule cha dzina la bambo. Choncho ankatchedwa ngakhale kusukulu.

achinyamata

Ndithu akumwetulira dzina lake Aleksandr anaganiza zoika moyo wake kwa ulendo. Ndili ndi zaka 16 anapita ku Odessa. Kumeneko, iye anatha kupeza mnzake wakale wa bambo ake, amene anamupatsa panyanja pa imodzi mwa ngalawa. Mu maulendo ake, mnyamatayu anapita m'mayiko ambiri, iye anakwanitsa kukhala mu Alexandria, Egypt. Nyanja aesthetics wakhala anakopeka mnyamatayo. Kenako, izo zimaonekera ntchito zake. Komabe, moyo chinazilala yapamadzi sanasangalale wake, ndipo posakhalitsa akumwetulira dzina lake Aleksandr anabwerera kunyumba kwa chaka.

Kodi munthu wotopa pang'ono, adventurer anaganiza kuyesa mwayi wake akutali Baku. Pali ankalandira moyo wake mwa zosiyanasiyana mosayembekezera: iye anali wantchito, nsodzi, mmisiri pa sitima ya. Anagwira pang'ono mu Urals, iye anayesa dzanja lake monga lumberjack ndi mgodi wa golide.

ntchito chosintha

Pa zaka 22, Green zopita ku usilikali, ndipo mosamala bwino m'dera Socialist-boma. malingaliro chosintha chidwi mnyamata, ndipo iye anakhala kwambiri maganizo kulimbikitsa anthu chipani. Komabe, iye anali wotsutsa mantha, amene anali mwaunyinji zaka zimenezo. comrades ambiri anaona wokamba talente ndi Greene analangizidwa kuti ayese ntchito ya wolemba. Komabe, kuitana adzamva ina.

Padakali pano, kunachitika wamng'ono anamangidwa mu Crimea pakuti mayankhulidwe odana ndi boma. Green anayesa kuthawa m'ndende. Pamene anali kachiwiri wagwidwa, anayamba kufufuza yaitali, yomwe inaima pambuyo 1905 Amnesty. Alexander anali ku ukapolo ku Siberia, kumene anapulumuka pa tsiku loyamba. Icho chinali ponseponse pa nthawi. Mbadwa Vyatka Green muli ndi pasipoti mu dzina labodza ndipo anapita naye ku likulu.

Creative kulemba

Mu St. Petersburg, akuyamba ntchito zolembalemba, amene anali kufuna kuti dzina lake Aleksandr akumwetulira. Wambiri mwa munthu zikuphatikizapo aliases ambiri. Kenako walemba mitundu yonse ya Maina. Lang'anani, nkhope latsopano mu bohemians matauni amakhala zikomo noticeable kuti luntha lake mu mtundu wanyimbo nkhani yochepa. Pitani maumwini zopereka. Green akukumana ndi Leonidom Andreevym, Alexei Tolstoy, Mihailom Kuzminym, Valeriem Bryusovym ndi olemba ena a Silver Age.

Patapita zaka zingapo, apolisi anapeza kuti wolemba mabuku wotchuka - ndi Wolakwayo anathawa. Link kachiwiri, chimene Sikuti ngati dzina lake Aleksandr akumwetulira. Wambiri ya wolemba anapitiriza kutali Pinega. Pali anapita naye Vera wake wokondedwa Abramova, amene anakwatilana.

kugwirizana Greene anakhala zaka ziwiri, kenako 1912th anabwerera ku St. Petersburg. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, madzulo a nkhondo yaikulu, iye anali ndi waphindu kwambiri, kufalitsa chibwenzi nkhani. Posakhalitsa anadziwika dzina - dzina lake Aleksandr akumwetulira. Ntchito zonse lofalitsidwa mu atolankhani otchuka. Pa nthawi imeneyo iye ndi mkazi wake. Pamene nkhondo inayamba, ntchito zake anayamba bwino odana militarist khalidwe mosiyana alipo ndiye mtima wofuna kupambana mwamsanga dziko la Germany.

Chifukwa cha ichi, wolemba wa kamodzinso nakokera chidwi cha ziwalo chitetezo boma. Greene analowa kubisala mu Finland. Koma posakhalitsa, panali kusintha, ndipo iye anabwerera ku Russia.

zaka Soviet

Monga ambiri yolembedwa usilikali-kudya. Ndi kuyembekezera yemweyo, dzina lake Aleksandr akumwetulira. Chidwi mfundo ndi moyo chodetsedwa ndi malungo, lomwe iye anayamba kudwala pa utumiki yochepa.

Ankalimbikitsa wolemba limakhulupirira Gorky, amene panthawiyo kukopa kwakukulu mu dziko monga "mafunde petrel wa zisinthe." Iye anakantha Greene chipinda wotchuka Nyumba ya Tirhana, komwe ankakhala anzake ambiri yomwe kulenga. anansi ake anali Osip Mandelstam, Nikolai Gumilyov, Vsevolod Rozhdestvensky ndi Veniamin Kaverin.

N'kumene Green analemba ntchito wotchuka kwambiri ndi waluso - buku "ulusi wofiira matanga". Polemba chinenero cha zinthu zimene lofotokoza ndi "anthu." Koma ndinadzazindikira kunja ndi buku loyamba ndi wolemba - ". Kuŵala World" Green zolipira pa osati anapita pa tchuthi cha Crimea Malo okondedwa, komanso anagula nyumba yatsopano ku Leningrad.

Kuzunzidwa ndi posthumous tsoka

Komabe, kunja chitukuko inathera ndi Musanyengedwe ya boma wamng'ono Soviet. NEP anamuthawa ndipo anayamba ponseponse kufufuza, panali mavuto ndi ofalitsa amene anathandizana dzina lake Aleksandr akumwetulira. Mwachidule yonena dryly imatiuza owerenga kuti ntchito za chipani sanafune kuona wolemba buku maalumali laibulale.

Nyumba Leningrad, anagulitsidwa ngongole. Tinayamba kowopsya anakumana ndi dzina lake Aleksandr akumwetulira. Mwachidule yonena za wolemba pa nthawi - zosowa ndi theka njala kukhalapo. Poyamba, anayesa kupempha thandizo ku Union, umene unali otsogoleledwa ndi owawa, koma yankho sanabwere.

Ndipotu, thanzi ndi wazaka zapakati munthu kuyamba kuthamanga. Dzina lake Aleksandr akumwetulira anamwalira mu 1932 ali ndi zaka 52. ntchito zake anatsimikiza patapita nthawi yaitali, pa Khrushchev m'firiji pamtunda. Komabe, mpaka zaka otsiriza Stalin analinso kuwasindikiza ndi munkapezeka mu kampeni anthu kuzindikira.

Maonekedwe lachiwiri la mabuku kwa wowerenga Union yomweyo taonera bwino. Ntchito ankafotokozedwa ndipo inakhala maziko a chuma pa owonetsera.