A thupi lakumwamba makina mu circumstellar wa - ndichiyani?

Mu malo asayansi anapeza ambiri zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Awa ndi nyenyezi, exoplanets, nebulae, asteroids, quasars. Ena mwa zinthu zimenezi zili m'njira zina. kusuntha A kumeneko matupi aliyense lakumwamba m'njira zawo mozungulira nyenyezi?

A thupi lakumwamba makina mu circumstellar wa - ndichiyani?

Choyamba tiyenera kuganizira tanthauzo la "kanjira". Izi ndi njira imene thupi lakumwamba imazungulira. Mwachitsanzo, Earth chimazungulira nyenyezi athu - dzuwa. Padziko Lapansi, nayenso, limayenda pa Moon. Lakumwamba thupi pa kanjira circumstellar akhoza kukhala, Choyamba, dziko, kachiwiri, asteroid, ndi nyenyezi. Ang'onoang'ono zakuthambo si kuonedwa ndi zakuthambo, popeza ali nawo m'gulu gulu la malo zinyalala. Ndipotu zawozo chifukwa misa ka zakuthambo adzakhala waukulu makhalidwe - pafupipafupi. munthu wina wa misa wamkulu zidzakhudza njira yodutsamo a m'gulu lawo - kuimitsidwa.

Komanso ali ndi kuliika kanjira makina a Dziko Lapansi, olengedwa mwa munthu. Mu mawonekedwe iwo amafanana ellipses elongated. Mfundo kwambiri a kanjira wa perigee, ndipo malekezero - Apogee. Aliyense thupi lakumwamba pa kanjira circumstellar dzuwa; limayenda mbali imodzi. Ndi zoona zodabwitsa za dongosolo dzuwa, lomwe ndi umboni wa munthu wa malingaliro cha chiyambi chake. Malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi, dongosolo dzuwa anatuluka mtambo wa fumbi ndi gasi. Kuwonjezera zikwi mapulaneti yaing'ono, asteroids, ngakhale kusuntha mbali imodzi.

Asteroids mu System Dzuwa

Asteroids asayansi kuitana zakuthambo ndi m'mimba mwake wamkulu kuposa mamita 30. Nawonso angakhale ndi makina awo. Mawu "asteroid" adapempha ndi wolemba Charlzom Berni ndi zakuthambo William Herschel, amatanthauza "monga nyenyezi". Pamene kuona asteroids maonekedwe awo pafupifupi osiyana nyenyezi. nyenyezi ankawoneka ngati mawilo losonyeza, ndi asteroids nao mu mawonekedwe a mfundo za kuunika. Panopa chidwi kwambiri sayansi zakuthambo, otchedwa asteroid lamba. Iwo ali mmodzi wa zinthu zazikulu malo mu dongosolo la zowalitsa. Mkati dongosolo dzuwa waukulu asteroid lamba ili pakati pa zili m'njira za mumlengalenga Mars ndi Jupiter.

Comets - ndi njira yodutsamo zinthu zakuthambo

Kodi aliyense angapezeke pa lakumwamba thupi makina circumstellar? Yankho zingaoneke zodabwitsa, koma - ndi nyenyezi. Izi zakuthambo komanso zokhudza m'njira zawo mozungulira dzuwa. Kumasulira kwa "nyenyezi" a chi Helene amatanthauza "cheya nyenyezi". Monga ikuyandikira pa nyenyezi ndi dzuwa Kukuwonjezereka, ndipo gawo lake chimbuuzi ali anakoka. comets Bright Tingaone mu mlengalenga ndi apoyera. The nyengo kasinthasintha wa matupi awa zakuthambo padziko Sun akhoza zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira zaka zochepa kwambiri monga zaka zambiri.

Pamene nyenyezi ndi kutali Sun, si kuonekera Earth. A pafupi, kumakhaladi mosavuta akuona wamba. Kwa nthawi yoyamba pa kasinthasintha pafupipafupi comets kuzungulira Sun anapeza wasayansi Halley m'zaka XVII. Zochitika pa nyenyezi, anapeza kuti limayenda chimodzimodzi monga mapulaneti ena a dongosolo la zowalitsa. Halley ananeneratu kubwerera tsiku la nyenyezi kwa anthu Earth. Akuneneratu katswiri kwakukuru wolungama.

Nakhodka asayansi asteroid makina nyenyezi kufa

Mu October 2013 asayansi anapeza thupi lakumwamba mu circumstellar makina lakutali kufa nyenyezi. Nyale dzina lake G61 zake kale gulu la atumiki woyera ndi kuchotsedwa ku dongosolo la zowalitsa pa mtunda wa pafupi 150 miliyoni zaka kuwala. thupi lakumwamba kuti chimazungulira nyenyezi, zinali asteroid, pamene asayansi apeza ndalama yaikulu nkhokwe madzi. Izi anapeza analola zakuthambo kuganiza kuti m'dziko kamodzi pangakhale lokhalamo mapulaneti monga ife tomwe.

Nkhani yoyamba pamene kunja dongosolo lathu dzuwa ndi awiri zinthu kwambiri kwa zikamera wa moyo anapezeka - pamwamba miyala ndi madzi, amene ali thupi lakumwamba makina mu circumstellar lapansi. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kamodzi kunali moyo. ndipamene Kodi izo zikanakhoza kutenga mu dongosolo - asayansi ongoganizira chabe. Analysis kufa asteroid anasonyeza kuti inkakhala madzi 26%. Mwa ichi ndi ofanana ndi dziko nyenyezi yaing'ono mu System Dzuwa - Ceres. Monga mu asteroid Ceres ndi kulemera wachibale wa madzi pa iwo ndi wamkulu kuposa Padziko Lapansi.

G61 ndi thupi lakumwamba makina mu circumstellar wa - yankho chidzachitika m'tsogolo Dziko Lapansi

The Earth ndi lofunikira dziko youma. % 0,02 Only ya misa lonse ndi madzi. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti nyanja anaonekera pambuyo Earth unakhazikitsidwa. Ndi kopanda ofufuza, Dziko Lapansi akanatha kulimbana ambiri asteroids madzi kulemera. kupeza Choyamba ndi thupi lakumwamba makina mu circumstellar ndi asayansi aphunzira za tsogolo zotheka anthu. Iwo amati patapita zaka biliyoni 6, monga ofufuza mlendo kuphunzira zinyalala miyala makina dzuwa wathu kufa, ndipo anatsimikizira kuti dziko lapansi kamodzi anatha kuthandiza moyo.