Zinthu zachilengedwe. Mavuto a chilengedwe ndi njira zothetsera mavuto

Zinthu zachilengedwe zimaphatikizapo zigawo zosiyanasiyana za chilengedwe chomwe chimapangitsa kuti zinthu zizikhala bwino. Izi zikuphatikizapo: nthaka, munthu, mpweya, zomera ndi zinyama, mawonekedwe a geological ndi zina zambiri. Kawirikawiri, tingatsutse kuti zofunikira zachilengedwe zimagawidwa m'magulu akulu atatu: zamoyo, zinthu ndi mphamvu zawo zomanga.

M'dziko lamakono lino, palibe kusiyana pakati pa zigawo za zachilengedwe, chifukwa chake pali masoka achilengedwe, masoka achilengedwe, mavuto a umoyo pakati pa anthu padziko lapansi. Kodi nchiyani chomwe chiwopseza kwambiri Padziko pano pakali pano?

Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya

Mpweya ndiwo maziko a moyo wa munthu aliyense: uli ndi mpweya wofunikira wofunika kupuma, ndi carbon dioxide, yomwe imamera kubereka, imalowa mmenemo.

Mwamwayi, mumlengalenga kuti zowonongeka zimachokera ku ntchito ya mafakitale, makina, zipangizo zam'nyumba. Kusokonezeka kwa nyengo ndi vuto la zamoyo zapadziko lapansi.

Chifukwa chakuti pali zinthu zosagwedezeka m'mlengalenga, mpweya wa ozoni pamwamba pa mlengalenga umawonongedwa. Izi zimachititsa kuti dzuwa lizizira kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chilengedwe chiwonjezeke.

Kuphatikizanso apo, mpweya wochuluka wa carbon dioxide m'mlengalenga umawonjezera kutentha kwa madzi, komwe kumathandizanso kutentha kwapamwamba, kusungunuka kwa madzi, komanso kukhetsa dothi lachonde.

M'mizinda yambiri, zinthu zovulaza mumlengalenga zapitirira, choncho chiwerengero cha odwala matenda a kansa, matenda opuma ndi a mtima amakula. Pokhapokha atatenga zachilengedwe poteteza, kodi tingathe kuchepetsa zotsatira zake zoipa?

Onse omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mafakitale owonetsa ayenera kupanga njira zowonetsera chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi msampha wa zinthu zovulaza. Anthu a sayansi ayenera kugwirizanitsa mphamvu kuti apeze njira zina zopangira mphamvu zomwe sizidzaipitsa mpweya poyaka moto. Ngakhalenso nzika yamba ingathandize kuteteza mlengalenga, kungochoka pamoto kupita ku njinga.

Phokoso loipa

Mzinda uliwonse uli ndi kayendedwe komwe kamangokhala kwa mphindi imodzi. Tsiku lililonse magalimoto zikwizikwi ali pamsewu, mafakitale ambirimbiri ndi malo ambiri omangamanga akugwira ntchito. Mkokomo ndi mgwirizano wosapeŵeka wa ntchito iliyonse ya munthu, ndipo mumzindawu umasandulika mdani weniweni.

Asayansi asonyeza kuti phokoso lokhazikika limakhudza maganizo a munthu, ziwalo zake zomva komanso ngakhale mtima wake, kugona kumasokonezeka, kuvutika maganizo kumachitika. Ana ndi okalamba ali pachiopsezo.

Kuchepetsa phokoso la phokoso ndilovuta kwambiri, chifukwa n'zosatheka kulepheretsa misewu yonse ndi mafakitale omwe ali pafupi, koma pali kuthekera kochepetsera zotsatira zake pa munthu, izi zimafunikira:

• Zida zoteteza anthu ogwira ntchito zoopsa.
• Minda yobiriwira kuzungulira magwero a phokoso. Mitengo idzatenga kusintha kwa phokoso paokha, potero kupulumutsa anthu okhala m'nyumba zapafupi.
• Mzinda wokongolawu, womwe umaphatikizapo malo ochita zinthu pafupi ndi nyumba zogona. Zipinda zogona ziyenera kupita mbali zosiyana za msewu.

Kuwonongeka koyipa

Ambiri samaganiza kuti kuwala ndiko gwero la kuipitsa phindu, ngati kuli kochokera ku chilengedwe.

M'mizinda, zipangizo zowunikira zikwi zambiri zimayikidwa, zomwe zimayikidwa kuti ziziyenda usiku, koma madokotala akhala akuwombera, chifukwa chifukwa chakuti m'madera ozungulira nthawi yayitali, thanzi la anthu likuchepetsedwa, zinyama zikuvutika.

Kwadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali kuti munthu amakhala ndi ziwalo zachilengedwe. Kusintha kwa usana ndi usiku ndi nkhumba yaikulu yoyang'anira nthawi yamkati, koma chifukwa cha kuyatsa nthawi zonse, thupi limayamba kusokonezeka pamene ligona pamene likuwuka. Ulamuliro wa mpumulo umasokonezeka, matenda akukula, kuwonongeka kwa mantha kukuwoneka.

Kodi tinganene chiyani za zinyama, zomwe zimatsogoleredwa ndi kuwala kwa mizinda, zimasochera, zimafa, zimathyola nyumbayo.

Kuwonongeka koyipa ndi chimodzi mwa mavuto a chilengedwe, ndipo njira zothetsera mizinda yosiyanasiyana zingakhale zosiyana: kuyambitsanso kwa nthawi yopanda kuwala, kugwiritsira ntchito nyali zapamsewu ndi zipewa zomwe sizizabalalika, kuwala kwa nyumba komanso kumangoyatsa magetsi kulikonse Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kokha chifukwa cha kukongola.

Kusokoneza mavitamini

Mafuta oyipa mavitamini ndi abwino ndi oipa a umunthu. Ku mbali imodzi, phindu la ntchito ndi lalikulu, komano, anthu ambiri amakhudzidwa nalo.

Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya ndi chirengedwe chochokera ku zitsulo zamitengo, komanso kuchokera pachimake cha dziko lapansi. Koma zonse zomwe zimapitirira kuposa zovomerezeka, zimayambitsa zovulaza zachilengedwe. Kusinthika kwa geni, matenda a poizoni, kutayika kwa nthaka ndi zotsatira za kugwirizana kwa anthu ndi zinthu za radioactive.

Kusungidwa kwa zachilengedwe zakuthupi ndi munthu yemwe adzatheke kokha ngati zida za nyukiliya sizigwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kuyesedwa, ndipo madayira otayidwa kuchokera kumapangidwe adzalowetsedwa m'malo osungirako otetezeka kwambiri.

Kutentha Kwa Dziko

Kusintha kwa nyengo kwakhala kwatengedwa ngati vuto lachilengedwe lodziimira pawokha. Zotsatira za ntchito za anthu zimakhala zoopsa: madzi a m'nyanja amatha kusungunuka, nyanja zimatenthetsa, komanso madzi amatha kutuluka, matenda atsopano amawonekeratu, ziweto zimasunthira kumalo ena, ziwonongeko zimachitika ndipo nthaka yachonde imatha.

Chifukwa cha izi zimakhudza ntchito za anthu, monga chifukwa cha mpweya, nkhalango zimadulidwa, madzi amaipitsidwa, ndipo madera akuwonjezeka.

Yothetsera:

1. Kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano omwe amateteza zachilengedwe.
2. Zonjezerani malo a zobiriwira.
3. Fufuzani njira zosayenera zothetsera zinthu zoipa kuchokera mumlengalenga, nthaka ndi madzi.

Mwachitsanzo, asayansi tsopano akupanga teknoloji yotenga ndi kusunga mpweya woipa pansi.

Zowonongeka kwa MSW

Pomwe munthu akukula, akugwiritsanso ntchito katundu wogula. Miyeso ya malemba, phukusi, mabokosi, zipangizo zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera kumalo osungirako, tsiku ndi tsiku kuchuluka kwa zinyalala kumakula.

Pansi pa zinyalala za zinyalala zapakhomo tsopano zikuphatikizapo madera akuluakulu. Zina zimawoneka kuchokera ku danga. Asayansi akuwombera: kuwonongeka kwa dothi, mpweya, malo okhala m'malo osungira zinyalala zimakhudza kwambiri chilengedwe, zonse zigawo za chirengedwe, kuphatikizapo anthu, akuvutika.

Zingathe kugonjetsedwa kokha poyambitsa makina opangira zowonongeka paliponse paliponse, komanso poonetsetsa kuti kusintha kwazomwekukugwiritsidwa ntchito mofulumira kwambiri.

Kuti mibadwo yotsatira ikhale m'dziko lopanda chitetezo, m'pofunika kuganizira za mavuto onse a chilengedwe komanso njira zothetsera vutoli. Pokhapokha pokhudzana ndi khama la mayiko onse, n'zotheka kuthetsa vuto lachilengedwe. Tsoka ilo, maiko ambiri sali wokonzeka kupereka chuma kwa ana awo ndi zidzukulu zawo.