Wophunzira Tsiku: Mbiri ya holide mu Russia

Kwa mibadwo ingapo mu mzere dziko amakondwerera owala, mokondwera ndi chidwi tsiku wophunzira. Mbiri ya chikondwerero unalembedwa kuyambira m'zaka za m'ma XII. zochitika ambiri anapanga chikondwerero ano. Ena mwa iwo adzatiuza nkhaniyi.

Pa desiki mbadwa Alma Mater

Ku Latin mawu "wophunzira" likumasuliridwa kuti munthu amene nthawi zonse kuphunzira, chidwi chinachake, ntchito. Mu Roma, otchedwa onsewa mu njira chidziwitso. Pambuyo pa zaka zambirimbiri, m'zaka XII dzinali linali ankavala okhawo amene anali kugwirizana mwachindunji ku yunivesite. Koma pambuyo oyamba a maudindo ndi madigiri maphunziro a Choyenereza aphunzitsi dzina anakhala mwayi wa kukhala pa madesiki awo Alma Mater.

Mu mibadwo yonse ndi ophunzira anasintha nkhani zawo. Iwo ananyamuka kupanduka anathyola olakwika akavalidwe watsopano anayambitsa.

Mutu wa yunivesite loyamba

Woyamba apamwamba maphunziro mabungwe m'dera la Russia anatsegula Petr Veliky. Yunivesite woyamba anakhazikitsidwa mu 1724 ku St. Petersburg. Tsiku kulengedwa kwa Academy of Sciences akhoza chikondwerero ngati tsiku wophunzira. holide nkhani sakanakhala zotheka popanda lamulo maphunziro a mfumu. Pamene anatuluka osati bungwe apamwamba, komanso kalembedwe, chikhalidwe ndi achinyamata kayendedwe.

Petersburg Academy of Sciences ntchito zoumbika mosiyanasiyana, ntchito anaima kanthawi. Choncho, pa ufulu wamkulu yunivesite mavuto ndi Moscow State University dzina la M. V. Lomonosova, amene anayamba ake ntchito mu 1755.

Mwangwiro Russian holide

Lamulo pa kutsegula kwa sukulu apamwamba mu Moscow anasaina Mfumukazi Elizabeti. Izo zinachitika pa tsiku la chikumbukiro Martyr Tatiana. Popeza January 25, chopunthira cha tsiku m'munsi mwa ganizo Russian ndi chikhalidwe ndipo anayamba kukondwerera monga tsiku wophunzira. Mbiri ya holide dziko limayendera ndi nambala yake. Mu mpingo bungwe inamangidwa ulemu wa woyera. Kuyambira pamenepo, Tatiana anakhala patroness onse amene ndikufuna kudziluma lubwe wa sayansi.

Tsiku matsenga kwagona kuti chinachitikira ndi mapeto a kalendala sukulu, ndipo anakhala chizindikiro cha maholide yozizira.

Choyamba January 25 amalembedwa yekha mu Moscow. mzinda akukonzekera kwambiri, chifukwa phwando unachitikira yaikulu ndi chidwi. Chipambane wamkulu kutchuka pakati pa anzeru, koma kukondwerera mosachotsera. Madyerero anayamba ndi zisudzo ku yunivesite. Zinali lamulo pemphero ofera mpingo.

Kupambana kwa sayansi

Kufalitsa mwamsanga mwambo pa 25 January. Patangopita zaka zochepa tsiku lino chikondwerero ngati tsiku dziko la wophunzira. mbiri tchuthi tikhale makhalidwe atsopano. Choncho, m'zaka za m'ma XIX, pa gawo boma anayamba yakupereka madipuloma, chiyamiko, zikalata za kutha kwa kuphunzira. Mwambo panafika osati perpetrators mwachindunji, komanso abale, abwenzi. Malankhulidwe, anasonyeza zina zachidule Tinkagawa mphoto. Kenako, ophunzira ndi aphunzitsi zosangalatsa, kumwa ndi kumasuka ku mabungwe yabwino kwa mzindawo.

Pali zikalata kutsimikizira kuti zimenezi tsiku apolisi Ufumu anakumana mu msewu ataledzera anyamata, izo sizinali akuyenera zimadzetsa vuto lalikulu olakwa, ndipo apatseni thandizo.

Chochitika wapadera linali tsiku wophunzira. Mbiri ya chikondwerero Russia amamuonera latsopano mbali mkubwela kwa Soviet mphamvu. Atsogoleri ankatsutsa anthu pokondwerera masiku achipembedzo. Choncho ophunzira mtetezi, komanso za chiwerengero, ndinali ndi kuiwala.

Anayambitsa Jan Opletal

Anali zochitika wamagazi kuti anabweretsa mwambo. Panopa nthawi wophunzira amene kumakumbukulidwa pa November 17, amagwirizana ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World.

Kumapeto kwa October 1939 m'misewu ya Prague anthu anafika masewera, cholinga chimene anali imasonyeza lokumbukira mabwalo a maphunziro. Czechoslovakia pamene Anazi azikhala. Ankhondowo sanali perete, choncho odukaduka. Pa kugunda anavutika udokotala Jan Opletal. Man Anamwalira kuchipatala. Maliro anzake anabwera zikwi achinyamata. Izi zonse zinachititsa kuukira.

zochitika wotsatira akhala maziko kukondwerera tsiku la wophunzira. Mbiri ya chikondwerero pa November 17 momvetsa chisoni. m'mawa kuti ankhondowo anathyola mu chipinda cha. Yogwira, ndipo panali pa anthu zikwi anatumizidwa ku ndende ndende. Naini achinyamata otsutsidwa imfa.

Patatha zaka zitatu mu London unali msonkhano wa ophunzira omwe anaganiza chaka ulemu kukumbukira anthu osalakwa mu November.

Club mokondwera kayendedwe

zochitika izi zogwirizana ndi malingaliro a Soviet Union, kotero chikondwerero kachiwiri anaonekera mu kalendala.

Kwa nthawi yaitali lero kuwayamikira kundu boma la kuti sanali amasiyana mwambo wapadera. Change zinthu anabwera ndi ophunzira okha. Inali pa kufuna kwawo anayamba KVN.

Mu 1957, zowonetsera pulogalamu "madzulo mokondwera mafunso", amaonetsa ankayankha patsogolo. A siachilendo ali kumbali ambiri. Yapadera anali nthabwala kuti analipo wina chidole. Koma ntchitoyi iime. Mu 1961, kulanda ndiAmene anaganiza kumasula mankhwala atsopano.

Lero N'zovuta kulingalira dziko lopanda KVN, ichi ndi lingaliro singasiyanitsidwe ndi chikondwerero, wotchedwa Tsiku la wophunzira, mbiri ya holide. Kodi kuyamba buku njira ya "madzulo nkhani", ndinaganiza kwa nthawi yaitali. Kukuthandiza anali Albert Axelrod. Pambuyo pake m'malo ndi Alexander Maslyakov ntchito tsopano.

The zigawo zosiyana za anthu nawo masewera. Koma zotsatira zabwino zonse zimatheka mkulu sukulu ophunzira. Kwa iwo, KVN anali mwayi osati kuti asangalale komanso kusonyeza luso lawo.

akatswiri nyimbo

Pakuti ophunzira a misinkhu mosalekeza limodzi ndi nyimbo yomweyi "Gaudeamus" omwe anamasuliridwa ku Latin monga "akusangalala." kunayambira - XIII atumwi.

Anthem - ndi chizindikiro cha tsiku la wophunzira, mbiri ya holide. Mmene onse anayamba? Ochita kafukufuku amakhulupirira kuti anachita akungoyendayenda olemba ndakatulo ndi oimba Vagant pakati pawo zambiri ndi ophunzira mayunivesite. Kwa zaka zambiri mawu munaupereka pakamwa choncho pali ambiri Mabaibulo.

Popular "Gaudeamus" anakhala mu Russian Ufumu. Woyamba amene mwalamulo anafotokoza, anali Pyotr Tchaikovsky. philologist A SERGEY Sobolewski anapanga translation, amene ntchito lero.

lemba limatiuza kuti moyo ndi waufupi, kotero muyenera kusangalala miniti iliyonse.

Melody ndi khalidwe

Peru Vagant limabweretsa nyimbo wina amene anakhala chizindikiro cha ophunzira ku mayunivesite. "Nyimbo ya ophunzira 'zinatchuka mu dera la Union mu 1960-70, motero. Pali umboni kuti anabwera nazo mu XII atumwi. Akamanena za zosiyanasiyana Emergency nthabwala mtima ndiponso mwamphamvu, amene anali yodziwika ndi oyendayenda oimba. ndakatulo amenewa adakonda anthu wamba. omasukirana ake, kuona mtima, kudzipereka zosangalatsa. Olemba sali owopa kuti kuwatonza kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo, iwo anamuka zolinga wokonda moyo wodzimana wa Ages Middle. Ndi chifukwa kuwala motif ali captivated mtima wa anthu.

Lero nyimbo ndi lofunika kwambiri monganso mmene la "Gaudeamus" Alma Mater, Student Day, mbiri ya holide. Kodi kukondwerera kupambana popanda nyimbo iyi perky? Iye - chizindikiro cha moyo achinyamata.

Chikhalidwe cha gulu ili kunayamba Kubwera kwa mayunivesite choyamba. Lero dziko lili ndi kayendedwe yekha, amene amakhala ndi mtima, ndi ntchito kudziletsa chitukuko.