Victor Vasnetsov (wojambula). Moyo ndi ntchito za wotchuka Russian zojambulajambula a XIX m'ma

Great wojambula Vasnetsov Viktor Mihaylovich anabadwa pa May 15, 1848 m'mudzi Lopyal, banja Mihaila Vasilevicha Vasnetsova, wansembe. Other tsogolo bambo wa mwana wake wansembe, mu zaka zoyambirira za mnyamata padziko Vasnetsov kumvera makolo ao kale anali mapazi a bambo ake. Koma tsoka lake zinasinthiratu mu zaka zingapo. Wambiri Vasnetsov lili tsamba la mapangidwe ndi ukuyanga talente imodzi ya mmodzi wa amisiri wotchuka m'mbiri ya boma Russian.

Iye analibe ophunzira, monga pa V. I. Surikova ndi amisiri ena otchuka, koma luso Viktora Vasnetsova linatsegulidwa kutsatira chilichonse zojambulajambula woyamba. Ndipo ojambula zithunzi wamng'ono kuyesera kuphunzira "Vasnetsov" semitone, pano mu nkhani yake epic, kusukulu kapena mitundu zosangalatsa, imapangitsa malo mbuye yowala kwambiri.

Maphunzirowa ndi luso

Mu 1858, pa kuumirira kwa atate wake wamng'ono Vasnetsov kumatanthauza mu sukulu achipembedzo, kumene anaphunzira kwa zaka zinayi, ndipo kenako anapitiriza maphunziro ake mu Vyatka Theological Seminary. Kenako anatsegula talente imodzi ya zojambulajambula, ndi wojambula tsogolo anayamba kuphunzira kupenta pa N. G.Chernyshova, mphunzitsi galamala. Ndiye mwa chisomo cha bambo wake ndipo anasiya seminare anasamukira ku St. Petersburg, kumene analembetsa kupenta ndi Art Development School mu kalasi Ivana Nikolaevicha Kramskogo. Ataphunzira kusukulu chaka chimodzi, Vasnetsov unasamutsidwira Academy of Wabwino Tirhana, nakhala komweko maphunziro kupenta.

wophunzira wake ntchito chithunzicho anasonyeza kwa anthu onse kuti ngakhale mumpingo Academy kuti iwo oveteredwa ambuye anazindikira wa burashi lapansi. Reviews aluso wolemekezeka pa ntchito anyamata zojambulajambula Vasnetsov anali kwambiri wabwino, ofufuza ambiri amanena ojambula zithunzi wamng'ono monga mawu atsopano mu luso.

Association ya Wanderers

Titamaliza Academy of Tirhana mu 1873 Vasnetsov wojambula anayamba nawo zisudzo Wanderers, bungwe mu St. Petersburg ndi Moscow. The "Partnership" zikuphatikizapo makumi awiri odziwika ojambula zithunzi Russian pakati pawo: Kramskoy I. N., Repin I. E., Shishkin I. I., Polenov B. D., Surikov V. I. ndi ena. Victor Vasnetsov zinakambidwa mu oyendayenda zisudzo mu zojambula awiri: "Knight pa mphambano" ndi "Alenka".

Ndi kugwa

Cholinga Peredvizhnik anali mnzanga wa misa waukulu anthu kuchokera luso Russian. The zisudzo inachitika kulikonse, mu mizinda ndi midzi, Wanderers anayamba ndi kulimbikitsidwa. Akukula "Partnership" chinachitika mu zaka 1870-1880. ntchito Kenako Wanderers unayamba kuda pa zifukwa zingapo cholinga, nakhala amasonyeza womaliza mu 1922.

Abramtsevo

Russian wojambula Vasnetsov analowa "Abramtsevo luso bwalo", unakonzedwa ndi industrialist ndi luso woyang'anira Savva Mamontov, mwini Abramtsevo malo. Iwo msonkhano wa amisiri, Osema, olemba ndi oimba pansi pa denga la kuchereza alendo nyumba Savva Ivanovich ndipo kenako bwalo inasanduka malo yaikulu ya chikhalidwe Russian. Amisiri anabwera Abramtsevo ndi kukhala kumeneko miyezi kupanga awo zojambula mwini wosafa. Victor Vasnetsov analinso kawirikawiri mlendo, anauziridwa ndi chikhalidwe osafikiridwa wa pamalo otetezedwa, kutsatira chikhalidwe Russian, minda, nkhalango ndi anthu akumidzi ngati mbali ya chilengedwe cha.

Academy of Tirhana

Mu 1893 Vasnetsov wojambula anapita Academy of Wabwino Tirhana na, pamene iye anali membala wa Academy, anapitiriza ntchito ana munda wa kukhazikitsanso chikhalidwe Russian. Kayendedwe chosintha m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri bwanji wojambula kwambiri. Vasnetsov sanali nawo mwachindunji ntchito ya "Union of Anthu Russian," pravomonarhicheskoy bungwe, koma mwa njira zina anathandiza Black Chikwi kuyenda ndi ngakhale yokonzedwa mabuku, monga "Book of chisoni Russian." Mu 1912 chithunzicho unayamba mu otchuka wa Russian Ufumu. Nakhala membala yogwira za "Society ya chitsitsimutso cha Russia" mu 1915, zimene zinabweretsa pamodzi ojambula zithunzi zambiri nthawi.

A zosiyanasiyana kulenga

ntchito Vasnetsov wojambula ndi masitaelo osiyanasiyana, amene sakhoza anati kwa amisiri ena Russian. Iye analenga zojambula ntchito potsutsa Mitundu, nthawi zina atakwatirana ndi mzake. Zojambula chikhalidwe zoweta ndi makhalidwe enieni n'kuyamba zojambula za nthano. Ndipo komabe, monga ulusi wofiira lonse la kulenga wa mmisiri akudutsa mitu yaikulu-mbiri. Iwo anali katswiri chachikulu zinalengedwa polemba chinenero ichi Vasnetsov: "Zimphona" (chaka cha 1898), "Mfumu Ivan m'khutu" (1897), "Ivan Tsarevich pa Gray Wolf" (1889), "Alenka" (1881) "Knight pamphambano za" (1882), "Pambuyo pa Nkhondo ya Igorya Svyatoslavovicha ndi Polovtsy" (1880).

mpingo lathu

Madzulo wa mzaka zana makumi awiri, Vasnetsov wojambula, "Zimphona" lomwe linalembedwa mu 1998, anakhala chizindikiro wake, amatanthauza sanacokele ku zipembedzo zonama. Iye akupereka chithunzi Vladimir Cathedral ku Kiev ndi Mpingo Ascension ku St. Petersburg, chotchedwa Cathedral "Mpulumutsi wathu pa Magazi" pa Griboyedov Ngalande. Kenako wojambula anatenga gawo mu kupenta kachisi mkati Aleksandra Nevskogo, limene lili ku likulu la Bulgaria, Sofia. Ndipo kwa Moscow Mpingo wa Kubadwa kwa Yesu mu Presnya Vasnetsov analenga zina zachidule wa denga ndi khoma zojambula lapansi.

Civic wojambula

Vasnetsov wojambula mu 1917, kugwiritsa wowerengeka epic Russian, zojambula wake fairytale "Limba Dobryni Nikiticha ndi njoka asanu mutu Gorynych" lolembedwa mu 1918, ndi "Thumba la Mafupa" mu 1926 inali ntchito lotsiriza la wojambula lalikulu.

Kuwonjezera pa nsalu zokha ayi wanzeru Vasnetsov analenga angapo ntchito mapulani ndi mbiri yakale:

• Manor inamangidwa Abramtsevo mpingo "Mpulumutsi Woyera" ndi zina zachidule Vasnetsov pamodzi ndi wojambula VD Polenov ndipo wamanga PM Samarin (1882)
• Mu Abramtsevo linamangidwa "kanyumba pa Chicken Miyendo", gazebos pa amajambulapo maluwa okongola fairytale (1883)
• Project tombstone Yuri Nikolaevich Govorukha-Mtumiki, ndi Russian wolemba, olira (1896) mu necropolis wa Moscow obisika.
• Russian hema kwa Paris World Exhibition mu chaka cha 1898.
• Project Nyumbayi IE Tsvetkova, pamodzi ndi wamanga BN Shnaubertom mu Moscow pa Prechistenskaya padoko.
• Akukonzekera ntchito pakhomo waukulu Tretyakov Gallery, ndi nawo wamanga VN Bashkirov mu Moscow Lavroushinsky Lane (1901).
• kusintha nsanja Project ya amadutsa popita Kosungira Zida Komiti mu Great Kremlin Palace mu Moscow (1901).
• Chikumbutso mtanda chimene chimasiyanitsa malo a imfa ya Prince Velikogo Sergeya Aleksandrovicha mu Moscow (1908), yemwe anawonongedwa ndipo kenako anamanganso ndi ziboliboli NV Orlov, ndipo kenako anasamukira ku Novospassky obisika.
• Mwalawapamutu VA Gringmut bwino-phiko chithunzi anthu, mu Moscow, mu necropolis ya agulupa ya Chisoni (1908).
• Cathedral wa St. Alexander Nevsky mu Miusskaya Square mu Moscow, pamodzi ndi wamanga A. Pomerantsev (1911).
• Luso ntchito ya wotumizira sitampu, analenga kulera ndalama kuti zithandize anthu amene akuvutika a nkhondo (1914).

philately

Vasnetsov wojambula ndi ntchito yake pa nthawi anali zinayimiridwa bwino mu philately wa USSR:

• Wotumizira sitampu "Tretyakov Gallery" ndi AS Pomansky linatuluka mu 1950. sitampu The chikusonyezera wapakamwa yaikulu ya Tretyakov Gallery, anapanga mu 1906, zochokera zina zachidule ndi Viktor Vasnetsov.
• A mndandanda wa masitampa wodzipereka kwa tsiku la 25 la imfa ya zojambulajambula Vasnetsov, wolemba - wojambula II Dubasov, 1951.
• Wotumizira sitampu ndi chithunzi cha VM Vasnetsov pa chithunzi cha wojambula Ivan Kramskoi ", lofalitsidwa mu 1952 mu ITC" mtundu "pansi # 1649.
• Wotumizira sitampu "Zimphona" (chithunzi ndi Vasnetsov 1881-1898 biennium) ITC "Mark" # 1650.
• Wotumizira sitampu "Knight pa mphambano" (1882), linatuluka mu 1968, komanso kamangidwe ojambula zithunzi A.Ryazantseva G.Komleva, ITC "mtundu", №3705.
• 150th chikumbutso cha kubadwa kwa Vasnetsov tinaonera mu Russian kutuluka kwa sitampu awiri ndi kuponi.

Pakuti zamoyo zonse za kulenga za wojambula wamkulu, iye analemba nsalu zokha ayi dazeni angapo. 24 zojambula wa mmisiri Vasnetsov analowa golide thumba luso Russian:

• 1871 - "Gravedigger".
• 1876 - ". Kuchokera nyumba kwa nyumba"
• 1878 - "Knight pa mphambano."
• 1879 - "zokonda".
• 1880 - "Pambuyo pa Nkhondo ya Igorya Svyatoslavovicha ndi Polovtsy".
• 1880 - "Alenushkiny dziwe."
• 1880 - "Magic makalapeti".
• 1881 - "Alenka".
• 1881 - "Zitatu kalonga wa kumidima."
• 1887 - "Ankhondo a Chivumbulutso."
• 1889 - "Ivan Tsarevich pa Gray Wolf."
• 1890 - "Ubatizo wa Yairo.
• 1897 - "Humayun".
• 1897 - "The Tsar Ivan kwambiri."
• Chaka cha 1898 - "Zimphona".
• 1899 - "Guslar".
• 1899 - "The Snow Buthu".
• 1899 - "Kukumana ndi Oleg wamatsenga."
• 1904 - "chiweruzo chotsiriza".
• 1914 - "Ilya Muromets".
• 1914 - "The Duel Peresvet ndi Chelubey".
• 1918 - "Chule Mfumukazi".
• 1918 - "Limba Dobryni Nikiticha ndi njoka asanu mutu Gorynych".
• 1926 - "Thumba la Mafupa".