Temple mu antah: kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Mu Greece wakale, kachisi ndi nyumba zofunika kwambiri malamulo. Iye anali pakati osati moyo ndale komanso chikhalidwe, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kusunga chuma cha boma. Za mtundu wina oyambirira malo anali distillate (kachisi mu antah). Photos, kufotokoza ndi mbiri ya chiyambi cha zomangamanga mudzapeza kenako m'nkhani ino.

Features a chipembedzo Greek Ancient

Chitukuko cha chikhalidwe cha Agiriki zikugwirizana kwambiri ndi mapangidwe ndondomeko zimene zimaoneka pa chiyambi cha nyengo chachikale chinkawavuta (750 BC. E.). Panthawi imeneyi, patapita nthawi yaitali Mdima Ages "Nyamukani" zaluso, chipembedzo ndi zomangamanga, anafika apogee ake mu V - IV m'ma BC. e.

Chipembedzo ndi amodzi mwa malo ofunika kwambiri pa moyo wa anthu ndiponso ali ndi chikoka mwachindunji pa dziko. nthano ambiri ndikuuzeni milungu wamphamvu koma ungwiro, ndi ngwazi, wa nymphs ndi zowopsa.

Malinga ndi maganizo a Agiriki, mphamvu ya milungu si malire. Koma akhoza kusamalira ena a mphamvu zachilengedwe ndipo anthu patronize. Poyamba, kulambira pa maguwa, amene anasamutsidwira mu makachisi. Intermediaries pakati pa amuna ndi milungu ansembe.

Ndi mapangidwe chomaliza cha ulamuliro wa Ancient Greece chimafikira mwambo kulambira milungu-ogula la mzinda wina. Mu ulemu wawo, anamanga yaikulu komanso odzitukumula akachisi. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa ulemerero wa nyumba. Zimenezi zimabweretsa maonekedwe a dongosolo mwadongosolo, zimene imafalikira ngakhale zomangamanga Roman.

Mitundu akachisi Greek

Akachisi ku Greece ankasiyana onse m'maonekedwe ndi kukula. Kumene, zinali kudalira chitukuko ndi kufunika mwambo wa bozhetsva a. Nthawi zina anali odzipereka kwa ngwazi, wopfuula ndi izi geroonami choncho.

Akachisi ndi nyumba zofunika, chilichonse chimene anatenga izo chabe ntchito zokongoletsa, komanso kutanthauza. Onse zigawo zikuluzikulu za nyumba anali magawo bwino-kumatanthauza ndi kufanana. malamulo A kuphatikiza malinga ndi dongosolo kuti (Doric, amaayoni kapena Korinto).

Pali mitundu ingapo ya kachisi. Chachikulu kusiyana lagona pa chiwerengero ndi malo mizati mfundo. Mtundu wamkulu ndi distillate kapena kachisi mu antah. Iye anali magawo awiri okha pa wapakamwa kutsogolo. The nyumba zotsatirazi kusokoneza kamangidwe kake:

• prostyle - mizati anayi pakhomo chachikulu;
• awiri prostyle (amphiprostyle) - Kukhonde ndi mizati anayi kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo wapakamwa;
• peripter - kwathunthu atazungulira zipilala ndi;
• dipter - anaikidwa pa mbali mwa mizere iwiri ya mizati;
• psevdodipter - mzere umodzi wa mizati mumbali;
• monopteros - zomanga mawonekedwe zozungulira, atazunguliridwa ndi mzere wa mizati.

nyumba yonse, kupatula monopteros anali anayi. Iwo inkakhala chipinda chachikulu - BATNA, kapena Zell. Kutsogolo kwa denga ndi zambiri kapena khonde. Nato nave munali guwa ndi fano la mulungu amene m'kachisi ali odzipereka. Pa wapakamwa kumbuyo zambiri anali opisthodomos - chipinda kusunga zopereka ndi ziwiya kachisi.

Temple mu antah: kufotokoza

Kachisi ndi malo opatulika mu mawonekedwe a fano mulungu, amene anaikidwa pakati pa minda wobiriwira. Kenako kuoneka mokhala lalikulu kwambiri kumanga ngati. Monga chuma ndi nkhuni, miyala ndipo dongo.

Temple mu antah - chitsanzo cha nyumba kamangidwe ka oyambirira chachikale chinkawavuta nthawi. Agiriki akale ndi kachisi, nyumba ya Mulungu, choncho tizimanga izo molingana ndi mtundu wa malo. Njira ndi luso omanga zinaipa kwambiri kuposa chikhalidwe chisanadze Mycenaean. Temple mu antah anamangidwira kwa yosakongola (matope njerwa) ndi dongo.

Kumbali ya nyumbayi imawoneka megaron - amakezana mawonekedwe katundu Greek, omwe analipo kale mu lachitatu Zakachikwi BC. Pambuyo pa guwa la antah kachisi anali mtundu Chophweka wa nyumba zachipembedzo. Mpheroyi cella, ndipo Muzifunsa Kukhonde la mizati iwiri.

Anta nyerere kapena - kuimira umalimbitsa mbali, amene kupitiriza makoma kotenga nyumba. Iwo anapangidwa ndi mizati ndi chithandizo, zochokera eaves awo.

Chuma cha Athens ku Delphi

Distillate ndi za mtundu wina wamkulu mu akachisi Greek. Ambiri a iwo tsopano asungidwa maziko. Kachisi wotchuka mu antah (onani pansipa chithunzi) ali Delphi. Ndi chuma cha Athens, zopezeka mu m'ma XX.

Malinga ndi zomwe anapeza ochita kafukufuku kachisi anamanga pa malire V ndi VI zaka BC pakati Athens hegemony. Waukulu "uthenga" kuti amanyamula nyumbayi, ndi kukwezedwa kwa dongosolo demokalase ndi chigonjetso chake pa mphamvu ya ankhanza. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, zochokera mafotokozedwe a Pausanias, chuma inamangidwa monga chizindikiro kugonjetsa Aperisiya pambuyo zikuluzikulu Nkhondo ya mpikisano.

Temple mu antah, zabweretsa ku Delphi, asungidwa mu gawo, koma zokwanira kudziwa maonekedwe ake. Zinthu za frieze, ndi zina zonse za izo mukusungira Delphi Archaeological Museum. Ndipo m'malo mwa chuma kupeza anapulumutsa buku gypsum.

kachisi wakale mu Russia

Ndi posachedwapa, ndi zotsalira za kachisi wakale antah anali anapeza dera la Russia. Opatulika anatulukira pafupi ndi mudzi yamakono ya Senna. zofukulidwa m'mabwinja ikuchitika m'dera lino kuyambira 1936, koma kachisi yokha kokha anapeza mu 2013.

Mu masiku a Greece wakale, wakhala mmodzi wa ankawalamulira - Phanagoria. Pa malo a mzinda apeza zotsalira za malo opatulika a Aphrodite wa zitsulo nsangalabwi ziboliboli mabo komanso n'chodabwitsa wa necropolis akale.

Apeza kachisi ili mkati Town Upper - Acropolis. Zinali yaing'ono ndi chimakwirira kudera la mamita lalikulu 12. Kumangidwa ndi kachisi lililonse antah ndi magawo awiri, ndi SPLA (chapakati chipinda) ndi pronaos (alumikiza pafupi khomo). Ndi wamkulu wakale kachisi pa dera la Russia. Linamangidwa kuzungulira V m'ma BC, ndipo apa pali chimene wodzipereka kwa mulungu, chinsinsi.

kutanthauza akachisi

Ancient akachisi Greek zambiri anaika pa phiri mu kumtunda ndondomeko ya. Iwo anali mu uthunthu wa acropolis, ndi chithunzi chapakati amene anali kachisi yaikulu ya mulungu kapena wamkazi. Mu Athens, mwachitsanzo, nyumbayi inali Parthenon.

Nyumba ndi mawonekedwe bwino ndipo nthawi zonse zochokera kum'mawa. miyambo ya chipembedzo ndi chikondwerero adamangidwa kutsogolo kwa kacisi. Mkati ankaloledwa kokha wansembe. Mumzindawo akhoza kupita apo ndi gawo la pronaos lapansi.

Kachisi ku Greece wakale sanali nyumbayi. Icho chinali chimake cha komanso moyo malo chokumanako. Mu chochitika cha kuukira malamulo, iye anali pothawirapo mumzindawo. Komanso, iye anali mtundu wa banki - m'kachisi opistodome waukulu anali mzinda zopereka.