Sheya Government: mitundu ndi ntchito

Gulu la sheya komanso sheya yekha, pali lalikulu zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tikambirane gulu la sheya mu mawonekedwe a umwini. Malinga ndi iye, pali masheya a boma ndi ena. Non-boma ndalama - zimaikizidwa mu sheya yotulutsa makampani olowa katundu komanso a mabanki malonda (zikalata gawo). Boma sheya - ndi pepala, zomwe limafalitsa boma, boma, makonsolo (chuma, chuma ngongole).

masheya a boma, kwenikweni, ndi ngongole sheya. Komabe, chitetezo, wosindikiza boma, dzina yake Mwachitsanzo, mkati nsinga ndalama, etc. Mwa zina sheya sheya boma yodziwika ndi mkulu mlingo wa kudalirika sanamvere chiopsezo imfa ya chilungamo ndi ndalama pa likulu mapulani ndi misonkho yabwino kwambiri (kapena kupanda kwake).

boma chingathandize ndi kuchepekedwa bajeti likuvutika Bank ku Central, pa nkhani ya ndalama ndi opereka sheya. Ngati boma wayambira kuti thandizo la Bank ku Central, yafupika kuthekera malamulo msika ngongole. Umuna ndalama amalowa makope njira malipiro omwe si chuma chenicheni, imbaenda kufufuma motalikira disruptions mu kufalitsidwa ndalama za dziko. Kulengezedwa kwa masheya boma - njira yosafuna zambiri za ndalama bajeti.

sheya boma Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndalama za ngongole anthu, komanso kuti si bwino kukweza ndalama kudzera ngongole kubanki. Ngongole udindo wa boma nthawi zambiri madzi, ndi kwa ndalama ndi zosavuta kuti akagulitsa pa msika sekondale.

Nthawi zina sheya boma kupereka mabanki malonda ndi katundu madzi. Kuti tichite zimenezi, mabanki ndi pakuika (makamaka ku thumba malo) monga mbali ya sheya wosindikiza boma. Komanso, sheya boma chikalata ndalama mapulogalamu amene zagwiridwa ndi makonsolo. boma angapereke ukutitsimikizira pa udindo ngongole za magulu amene, malinga ndi boma, timafunika thandizo ake.

Kulengezedwa kwa masheya boma komanso chifukwa cha kufunika kubweza ngongole kale chikalata ku boma. Nthawi zina boma adzakhala ndi mipata lalifupi pakati revenues ndalama chifukwa nthawi mismatch chiphaso cha ndalama mu bajeti ndi ndalama bajeti yunifolomu. Ndiyeno boma kachiwiri anadza nkhani ya ngongole boma.

Ena mitundu ya sheya lakonzedwa kusalaza revenues msonkho m'goli. Eni masheya awa akhoza kubwerera iwo ku boma patapita nthawi yina kapena kulipira misonkho.

State sheya la Chitaganya cha Russia kusonyeza kulunjika dziko lathu, makamaka misonkho, ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo, zochokera wamba kuzungulira zapansi aliko ndi kugwira ntchito kwa sheya msika. Latsopano la Russia, mitundu ya sheya boma kadzaganiziridwa ndi Bank of Russia ndi Unduna wa Zachuma wa Russia. Ambiri a iwo: boma yochepa ziro-coupon nsinga (T-ngongole), nsinga za boma mkati ndalama ngongole - zilipo kuyambira 1993, boma nsinga ngongole ndi ndalama amodzi coupon, boma ndalama ngongole nsinga inakhazikitsa mu 1995, ku Bank of Russia nsinga (OBR), ndi zina zotero. d.