Salt ugleammoniynye: kufotokoza, zikuchokera, kuchuluka

Pafupifupi palibe makampani kupanga simungakhoze kuchita popanda zinthu mankhwala yogwira. Zina ntchito mu ulimi, adzasowa chakudya, pa khungu, zomangamanga ndi muzochitika zina zambiri zochita za anthu. Pakati pa iwo onse zatenga malo apadera ugleammoniynye salt, amene ali konsekonse.

Ugleammoniynaya mchere

Ugleammoniynaya mchere - pawiri zochita kupanga ndi woyera, mosavuta sungunuka m'madzi, ndi zimene mankhwala a carbonic acid ndi ammonium salt.

Timibulu mankhwala panja kuwola ndinso mofulumira kumasuka yambiri ammonia ndi carbon dioxide, kenako asanduke nthunzi. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala:

1. Salt ugleammoniynye mtundu B, amene ntchito mwakhama kampani yopanga zitsulo pa migodi ureniamu miyala kwa ndondomeko flotation, ndi neutralization chikopa chrome ndi mankhwala ochekenera.
2. Mchere wa mtundu A, amene ntchito popanga mankhwala organic, synthesizing mankhwala.

Mitundu yonse ya mankhwala si sungunuka Mowa ndi kafungo kabwino. Okonzeka zinthu mwambo wa zochita redox pakati salt ammonium acid carbonic.

mipweya

Malinga ndi mfundo boma, salt ugleammoniynye zikhazikitsidwe thunthu wouma bicarbonate osachepera 99% ammonium, ammonium carbonate - zosaposa 1%, ndi madzi omangidwa pa mlingo maselo si oposa 3%.

Yeniyeni mipweya ya kanjedza ndi zingasiyane malingana ndi ntchito galasi-thunthu. Motero, kwa adzasowa chakudya mu kapangidwe ayenera kukhala osachepera 20,9% NH _3. Misa nusu ya mankhwala ena malamulo okhwima okhudza chimango ndipo sayenera upambana zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• zitsulo - 5 * 10 ^-4;
• Arsenic - 1 x 10 ^-4;
• valent chitsulo ndi mankhwala ake - 1 * 10 ^-3;
• chlorine ndi chlorides - 1 * 10 ^-3;
• madzi insoluble mankhwala - 5 * 10 ^-3.

zolozerazi anafotokozedwa Lachiwiri U 6-04687873.025-95 mankhwala chilinganizo - NH ₄ HCO _3.

Thupi ndi mankhwala magawo

Ugleammoniynye salt ndi magawo kuti kudziwa mmene chuma chawo makamaka:

• zakuthupi hue galasi akhoza umaimiridwa ndi oyera, pinki kapena imvi kulocha;
• kachigawo Unyinji wa amoniya gulu ayenera kukumana 21% kwa B kalasi - 20,7%;
• misa bwino pambuyo calcination akhale osapitirira 0,008% mtundu A, osati oposa 0,02 kwa B. mitundu

Only chinthu lolingana magawo awa amawamasulira ngati mchere ugleammoniynaya. GOST 9325-79 amakhazikitsa zinthu zimenezi, komanso nthawi malamulo a kupanga mayendedwe ndi kusunga, kusamalitsa ndi chitetezo.

Mbali

Mchere Ambiri ugleammoniynaya zopezera makampani chakudya ndi ulimi. M'chigawo choyamba amanena mu amati zina E503 zambiri m'malo mwa zakudya yisiti ndi carbonate ammonium chakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala uli kusungunuka mu madzi pa 20 ^{° C} ndi pamwamba, kenako anawaonjezera kusakaniza chilinganizo atatsala pang'ono ufa mpweya.

Thupi ndi mankhwala magawo ugleammoniynoy mchere kulola ntchito ngati manyowa a. Chiyambi timibulu mankhwala kukwaniritsa liwiro zina polekezera ndondomeko ya kudzikundikira nitrites m'nthaka, amene mopindulitsa amakhudza kuchuluka kwa kusasitsa mbeu, ndi:

1. Zokolola chinawonjezeka ndi 15-45%.
2. Siteji yoyamba ya mbewu fruiting anabweretsa patsogolo mwa mlungu umodzi kapena iwiri.
3. Iwo kumachepetsa kufunika feteleza nthaka phosphorous.
4. Imalimbikitsa mapangidwe humus.

Mu dziko lathu, kupanga feteleza pa maziko ugleammoniynoy mchere lolunjika pa wazamalonda zoweta, chifukwa mtengo wa mankhwala kwambiri m'munsi kuposa mtengo wa analogues yachilendo.

kusamala

Ugleammoniynye salt amatchula kalasi 4. ngozi. Mu dongosolo lawo lili awiri woopsawo thanzi anthu - ammonia ndi mpweya. Amafotokozera woyamba kwambiri poizoni pamene Mpweya zimayambitsa mkwiyo. Ngati poyizoni zokhudza chapakati mantha dongosolo, pali mutu, maso madzi, kupotokola ndi zizindikiro zina.

Mpweya woipa ali chomwa mankhwalawa ndi soporific kwenikweni. Lalikulu zedi kusokoneza pakati kupuma, kuchititsa kutsamwa ndi angachititse imfa kusowa oxygen.

Choncho, ntchito ya mchere ugleammoniynye zotheka zovala zapadera, magalasi chitetezo, magolovesi, kugonjetsedwa ndi alkalis, masks. Pambuyo malamulo a ukhondo, zabwino ofunda shawa ntchito.