Sabina Spielrein: photos, mbiri, tsoka, chikondi, zolemba, anagwiranso Spielrein Sabina Nikolayevna. Jung ndi Sabina Shpilreyn

Spielrein, Sabina Nikolaevna Sheftel kudziwika kwa dziko ngati katswiri wa Soviet amaphunzira Carl Gustav Jung, membala wa atatu Psychoanalytic Society ndi wolemba ndi chiphunzitso cha abulusa ndi zowononga. Koma palibe zochepa zosangalatsa kuposa zotsatira za ntchito akatswiri ndi mbiri ake ndi njira sayansi.

mfundo chidwi muli zolemba ake ndi makalata pakati Jung ndi Freud, lofalitsidwa mu 80s oyambirira, amene analenga furore mu dziko la psychoanalysis. Zinsinsi za moyo kuti akazi akadali mafunso kuposa mayankho.

makolo Sabina

Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna, dzina lenileni - Sheyve, ndinali wamkulu mwa ana. Iye anabadwa pa October 25 (Old kalendala 7 November) mu 1885 ku banja mwachilungamo olemera Ayuda. Pa nthawi imeneyo ankakhala Rostov pa-Don. The bambo analimbikira kuti mwana wake akhoza kupezeka sukulu ya mkaka wapamwamba Warsaw, kunyumba kwa makolo. Choncho, nthawi kuchokera 1890 mpaka 1894, banjali linali kumeneko.

Atate ndi mutu wa banja - Nicholas Arkadevich Spielrein (Naftael kapena Naftula Movshevich kapena Moszkowicz) - Education anali tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, koma sachiza ntchito ndi kukhala bwino malonda. Iye anali manufakturschikom ndi wogulitsa chakudya kwa ziweto. Kenako Nikolay Abramovich anakhala wamalonda woyamba, ndipo pambuyo munalidi gulu lachiwiri.

Mayi, Evva Markovna Lublin (atakwatirana Spielrein) anali mano ndi maphunziro. Iye anali nyumba nyumba yake pa apansi zitatu pakati pa mzinda, kumene Kudzipereka nyumba ya. Iye ankachita mano mpaka 1903, kuuwononga yekha kwa banja ndi kubereka ana. mtundu wake anali kwambiri a atsogoleri, kuphatikizapo bambo awo anali ndi Evvy Markovna.

Ngakhale zovuta kuti ndi mwambo, banja zinachititsa moyo yolembedwa.

Mu 1917, chuma cha banjalo ankalandidwa Spielrein.

Tsogolo la abale ndi alongo

The wamkulu wa abale, Jan, anabadwa mu 1887. Kenako, iye anakhala odziwika Soviet masamu ndi injiniya, katswiri mu zimango ongolankhula ndi zamagetsi. Ndi 1921 iye anali pulofesa mu 1933, membala lolingana wa Academy of Sciences wa USSR. Mu 1934 kumbuyo digiri wake mu sayansi ndi luso. Anakwatira Sylvia Borisovne Ryss.

M'bale chachiwiri, Isaki anabadwa mu 1891. Iye asankura ntchito za kuwerenga maganizo ndi kuphunzira mu Heidelberg ndi University ya Leipzig. Kukwaniritsidwa kupambana yodziwika munda a chidziwitso, monga ankakumbukira ndi zoweta ndi mabungwe sayansi ngati wolemba psychotechnics. Iye anaphunzira kuwerenga maganizo a ntchito, njira yake kusalumikizana ndi T. N., Adatenga mbali mu ntchito ya gulu lake sayansi Soviet Union. Komanso anali kupita Onse-Russian Society kuti Akutsatira Psychophysiology ndi psycho-njira ndi International Association wa psycho-.

M'bale wacitatu, Emil, 1899 kubadwa. Nditamaliza maphunziro ku University of Don, anakhala pulofesa wothandizira ndi mphunzitsi wa pa yunivesite ya Rostov pa mphamvu ya Biology. Emil ndi wodziwika kwa dziko sayansi pansi pa dzina Spielrein.

Onse atatu, ngakhale malo ake ku dziko la sayansi, chifukwa cha kupondereza ndale anawomberedwa ndi Isaac mu 1937, ndipo Ian ndi Emil - mu 1938. Kenako, onse atatu a iwo anali anapulumutsa ndi kumukonzanso atamwalira.

Kuposa wina aliyense Shpilreyn Sabina Nikolaevna anakonda mlongo wake wamng'ono Emily. Koma mu 1901, chaka asanu msungwana wakale anadwala matenda a typhoid ndi kufa msanga.

Vuto la Sabina ndi zinthu zina matenda a m'maganizo

Chinthu chachikulu chomwe gwero lachisokonezo Sabina ankaona imfa ya mlongo wake wokondedwa. Komabe, akatswiri ena makamaka Ph.D. Renate Höfer (Renate Höfer), umene ukugwira misala ndi mabwana, ali ndi maganizo osiyana. Mu bukhu Renata "psychoanalyst Sabina Spielrein" yonena heroine anaphunzira mwatsatanetsatane ndipo chokongoletsedwa mu chithunzi maganizo ndi malingaliro onse lachisangalalo la chikondi ndi lalikulu kusauka kwa maganizo. Malinga ndi wolemba, imfa mlongo wake sanali yekhayo osati chifukwa chofunika kwambiri matenda a mkazi uyu.

Renata limanena kuti kuyambira zaka oyambirira Sabina Spielrein anakumana chilango thupi la atate ndi, mosakayikira nkhanza zokhudza kugonana, akubwera kuchokera akulu. Kwa zaka zitatu iye waona matenda aakulu maganizo amene sanadzisiyira iye, ndipo ali mwana. Mtundu wa dzanja makolo bwino, nthawi zonse chilango, iye ankaona chisangalalo zomwe zinachititsa kuti zochita mwauchidakwa pafupipafupi wodzilamulira kukhuta.

Nthawi iye zogonana kuti ali ndi mphamvu zopanda malire, ndipo anathandiza nthawi kukhadzikika. Komabe, zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi icho chinali kunyozedwa ndi zoopsa usiku ndi kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo, ndi khumi ndi kuukira onse linayamba kuchitika nthawi zambiri, kenako kuvutika maganizo a.

Psychiatric chipatala chifukwa Sabina

Sabina Spielrein anali akuphunzira mwamsanga, ndi matenda a ubongo sanaleke mu 1903 maphunziro a sekondale ndi n'kulandira mendulo ya golidi. chilakolako ake anali mankhwala, koma chifukwa cha kusokonekera maganizo a maphunziro ku University of Zurich anafunika kaye.

Choyamba Evva Markovna anapanga pofuna zinalephereka kusintha ukupeza a mwana wamkazi wa Swiss chipatala chaching'ono Dr. Geller m'chaka cha 1904. Pambuyo kuti Sabina ananditumiza Burgholtsli chipatala, umene panthawi imeneyo anali kuyang'anira Professor Eugen Bleuler (Oygen Bloyler).

Kumeneko Carl Jung ndi Sabina Spielrein koyamba. Choyamba, mankhwalawa chipwirikiti pa mtsikana wolonjezedwa kukwatiwayo mutu, ndiyeno Jung - dokotala mkulu wa chipatala ndipo kenako Wachiwiri dokotala wamkulu. Therapy kuchipatala unatha pafupi 10 miyezi, kuyambira August 1904 ku June 1905, kenako chithandizo anali ambulatory ndipo mpaka 1909

Sabina anali wodwala woyamba, umene Jung anayesera kuchiritsa mothandizidwa ndi njira psychoanalytic potengera ziphunzitso Freud a. Ndipo ngakhale pakhala ena kusiyana mtima ndi ndodo, limodzi ndi mawonetseredwe kudzipha, mankhwala zinali bwino, kuwapangitsa Sabine akhazikitse kuti maphunziro a ku yunivesite ndi kuchita mu April 1905.

akatswiri utakhala

Pa mankhwala kuchipatala Sabina Shpilreyn nawo zatsopano zosiyanasiyana T. H. Mu associative lapansi. Apo iye anadziwa nkhani ya nkhani yolembedwa Jung, chimene chikuchita ndi stratification wa amazindikira kukomoka - a akuchita misala. Choncho zachilengedwe mwamtheradi ndi pa maphunziro Sabine anachita chidwi mu maganizo, psychoanalysis ndi pedology.

M'chaka cha 1909 Sabine Mwapambana mayeso omaliza ndipo anayamba kugwira ntchito pa chipatala Burgholtsli ngati ntchitoyi ndi. nthawi yonseyi, iye anapitiriza kugwira ntchito pa zolemba pamaphunziro ake digirii, amene anali mkulu wa sayansi Jung. Ngakhale zokwera ndi zotsika mu moyo wake, m'chaka cha 1911, iye bwinobwino kumbuyo lake ndi lofalitsidwa mu magazini, amene mkonzi anali awathandize bwinobwino ake.

Popeza m'dzinja la 1911 mpaka m'chaka cha 1912 Sabine anali mu Austria, pamene anatha kudziwa Sigmund Freud (Freud) ndipo anavomereza kuti Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Ndiye iye anapita Russia nkhani, ndipo kumeneko anakumana mwamuna wake watsogolo - Pavlom Naumovichem (Fievel Notovich) Sheftel.

Mu 1913 Sabina Nikolaevna anapita ku Ulaya. Apo iye chinkhoswe mu mabuku malankhulidwe; Iye anagwira ntchito mu zipatala zosiyanasiyana T H pa Oygena Bleylera, Karl Bonhoeffer, Edouard Claparede ..; ukugwira psychoanalysis ku Freud ndi Jung anakhala psychoanalyst Zhana Piazhe.

Mu 1923 iye anabwerera ku Russia ndi kulumikiza Russian Psychoanalytical Society. Iye anali kuchita zinthu akatswiri munda, iye analenga ana amasiye psychotherapeutic nathamanga iwo kugwira nkhani.

Mu 1925, nthawi yotsiriza iye analankhula pa msonkhano wa psychoanalysts. Komanso, iye anapitiriza ntchito m'munda osankhidwa osindikiza nkhani zawo.

Popeza 1936, psychoanalysis ku Soviet Union inaletsedwa.

Dziwani amene ziyembekezo mkulu ntchito mu Russia zikumangidwa Sabina Spielrein. Quotes zokhudza mwachilungamo odziwika bwino, anapitanso "ntchito ndi zosangalatsa" - kuchita sayansi mwapatsidwa zosangalatsa ake. Komabe, mu zaka 20 zapitazi a moyo Soviet Union ake ulamuliro anazisiya osagwira moyo.

ntchito yasayansi

Chiphunzitso Sabiny Shpilreyn limanena za chilakolako chogonana duality. Pa dzanja limodzi, kugonana anyamule zabwino mtima, koposa ndondomeko izi amagwirizana ndi kubereka ana. Komano, ndi kuwononga dziko mumtima wa munthu.

Komanso, Spielrein anakhalabe, pa kuchita kupita pa azingokhala ena akupanga zikuluzikulu - chachimuna amapeza mbali akazi, ndi mosemphanitsa. Ndipo chisangalalo ndi mantha kuwononga kwambiri pagalimoto kugonana.

Choncho mkangano intrapersonal. Sabina Shpilreyn anaona kuti ambiri odwala ake ndi mwayi kuzindikira chilakolako ukapezeka mantha ndipo ankafuna kupewa mantha amene ndi chimake cha zonse, ndiyeno panali kanthu ngati izi sizichitika.

Komanso, Spielrein kwa nthawi yoyamba kunayambitsa funso la galimoto imfa monga chibadwa yoyamba ya munthu, pa masochism ndi, yankhanza chigawo olemba chikhumbo zowononga.

Sabina Spielrein: chikondi

Za chikondi Sabina dokotala wanu makolo ake anaphunzira mu kugwa kwa 1905. mayi ake a mtsikanayo anafuna ngakhale Freud anapitiriza chithandizo, koma sizinasinthe mu zina.

Chimodzimodzi Sabina Spielrein maganizo ake kwa Jung sanayambe obisika ndipo umboni ndi zolemba mu zolemba, iye anafuna ngakhale mwana wake. M'chaka cha 1908, Jung anavomereza kuti ndi chabwino kwambiri mtsikana, ndipo iye sanathenso kuletsa chilakolako chake iye (ngakhale kukhalapo kwa mkazi wake). Kuyambira pamene iwo anayamba kugwirizanitsa osati psychoanalysis.

Pamene ntchito mu chipatala mu nkhondo yawo ubwenzi chinachitika, ndipo kenako m'chaka cha 1909, Jung anasiya ntchito. Kenako Sabina anayamba zizigwirizana ndi Freud. Jung pambuyo milandu poyera zakugulu mgwilizano ananena kuti anali wothandiza mitala.

Mu 1909, ubale ndi Jung, Sabina adapitiriza ntchito pa zolemba pamaphunziro ake. Mu 1912, iye analowa banja Sheftel, ndi kumapeto kwa 1913 anali ndi mwana wamkazi woyamba Renata (Irma Renata), ndi m'chilimwe 1926 - msungwana waciŵili Hava.

Pakati pa 1913 ndi 1925-1926. Sabina ndi mwamuna wake anali moyo. Iye anali mu Rostov, izo - mu Moscow, koma pambuyo angapo adapitiriza ubale wawo ku Ulaya kuyambira 1924. Panthawi imeneyi Sheftel abwenzi ndi mkazi wina, amene anamuberekera mwana wamkazi.

M'chaka cha 1937 Sheftel anamwalira ndi matenda a mtima, ngakhale pakhala malangizo amene iye anadzipha chifukwa choopa chokana. Mu 1941, Sabina Spielrein-Sheftel anakana kukhulupirira mu nkhanza za asirikali German ndipo sanali kuchoka ku Rostov. Mu July 1942, nyumba komwe ankakhala ndi ana ake, Sabina, unawotchedwa.

11-12 August 1942, anthu masauzande a Ayuda, pakati pawo Sabina Spielrein-Sheftel ndi ana ake onse anawomberedwa mu Zmievskoy mtengo.

Epilogue. Jung - Sabina - Freud

Cha m'ma '70s mu nkhokwe ya Edward Claparede anapezeka sutukesi ndi zipangizo munthu Sabina. Kunapezeka asanachoke kwa Russia, iye anachoka uko zolemba zawo ndi makalata ndi Jung ndi Freud (zotsatira 1923), ena ndi nkhani zipangizo kafukufuku. Mapale, kuphatikizapo zolemba ndi makalata, anapanga pa dziko la sayansi bombshell ammudzi.

Anapeza kuti kuyambira chiyambi cha mankhwala Sabiny Yungom ndi maonekedwe a maganizo ake onse kwa iye izi zinadziwika kwa Freud. Komabe, iye sanali mlandu mnzake wake, chifukwa saganizira izo chilichonse choipa kapena zolakwika, ndipo ngakhale amatha kumumvera chisoni. Kuona malo amenewa Freud ndi, akatswiri anayamba kulankhula za "kuipitsidwa" pakati Jung ndi Freud, imene kusintha anakhala Sabina.

Jung ndiye zofunika zakuthupi kwa nkhani yolembedwa wake, ndi Sabine sanali kokha yabwino, mu Vol. H. Ndipo mawu a chuma, komanso zosangalatsa kwambiri makhalidwe amene anatsogolera wasayansi malingaliro atsopano. Palibe chikaiko, monga Jung ndi Freud mu ntchito yake ina, ife ntchito mfundo anafuulira ndi Sabina. Choncho, tipitirize naye kwa Jung chinali zambiri zofunika kuposa kutsatira makhalidwe abwino, makamaka, malinga Freud yekha, dziko la psychoanalysis ndi mtima dokotala ubale si chatsopano.

Komano, kuwonjezera pa anazunzika cha maganizo unrequited, ankadziwa amuna awiriwa anam'patsa dziko la psychoanalysis ndi malonda a moyo.

Sabina Spielrein mkazi woyamba mu Europe, kumbuyo kuwerenga maganizo ake digirii. Iye anali m'gulu la "apainiya" wa psychoanalysis, koma aiwala kwa zaka pafupifupi. Only kutsegula kwa yachokera linapatsidwa kwa iye ndipo ntchito yake ndi moyo wachiwiri. Pamaziko a zikalata anajambula mafilimu angapo, zolembedwa m'mabuku. Ndipo kwenikweni, vutoli iyesedwa yolungama.