Romanesque zomangamanga - mphamvu ndi ulemerero

Mwazaka Romanesque kalembedwe zaluso European limabweretsa zaka 10-12. Nthawi iliyonse m'mbiri yodziwika ndi zina luso lalikulu, ndiko kuti, maonekedwe luso limene kwathunthu kwambiri akuwonetseredwa mbali luso stylistic. Pakuti nthawi chidwi kwa ife ndi zomangamanga amenewa lalikulu la kalembedwe Romanesque.

Maphunziro ndi chitukuko cha limati ang'onoang'ono, chitsitsimutso cha ntchito zachuma ndi malonda, kulimbitsa ndi zachipembedzo malo - kuthandiza mwachangu pa nyumba yaikulu ya ang'onoang'ono zikuluzikulu, mchitidwe umenewu, Matchalitchi, m'malinga.

Romanesque kalembedwe a zomangamanga anali zomveka chitukuko cha zomangamanga ku Roma pamodzi ndi mbali khalidwe luso kamangidwe ka akunjawo lapansi.

Mu Ravenna (Italy) m'nthawi 6 linamangidwa manda a Theodoric. Ndi chipilala chapadera cha osakaniza ngati miyambo yakale ndipo anthu ankhanza. Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 8 linamangidwa mu Aachen bwalo Palatine Chapel.

zomangamanga Romanesque ndi osiyana pulasitiki wholeness, wamphamvu wamkulu, mabuku laconic ndi mosiyanasiyana. Stern ndi amphamvu kalembedwe chimene chimasiyanitsa yomanga zaka 10-12, malinga ndi tiganizira za mphamvu ndi inaccessibility. Ndipotu, pamene asilikali kufunika obisika kapena tchalitchi anakhala linga angaloŵe, osanenapo Nyumbayi ang'onoang'ono.

Nthawi anatisiyira mokhala oyambirira Ages Middle, iwo zinamangidwa ya dongo ndi matabwa. pa mbali ya mzinda kwa nthawi yaitali za misasa asilikali achiroma mu Chiyambi chake, kotero amonke ndi nyumba anali malo - chuma, chikhalidwe, luso. Pakuti kumanga awo ntchito chachikulu mwala zotchinga ndi slabs. Nkhani yokha malinga mitundu yosavuta kamangidwe, okhwima compositional njira.

Romanesque zomangamanga - zimasonyeza nyengo nkhanza za nkhondo ang'onoang'ono. Kamangidwe, kukula, mphamvu, zokongoletsa - zonse malinga yekha ndi zofuna yeniyeni.

Ang'onoang'ono Nyumbayi inamangidwa pa phompho thanthwe pa chimbuzi ku mudzi wa. Ngati sanali, kuti aponye chitunda. Mkulu makoma ndi munakhazikitsa atazungulira zogona, munda ndi nyumba malinga. Ofunika kwambiri a iwo - kusunga, ndi okhala Yehova. Nyumbayi nthawi anatulutsa ngalande ndi wodzazidwa ndi madzi. Pezani kulinga adakwanisa drawbridge. Chotero dongosolo wamphamvu akhoza kupirira kuzinga lalitali, chobisa ku midzi yoyandikana nayo.

Mu mapulani mchitidwe ndipo koposa zonse, kumvera malamulo a chitetezo. madera akuluakulu mchitidwe, mzinda wapadera - mpanda wolimba idakhazikika kunali, ngati nyumba ang'onoang'ono. Kachisi - pakati compositional wa agulupa lapansi. Romanesque tchalitchi ndi mawonekedwe ndi losavuta, ndi kukongola - wowuma ndi anam'letsa.

Kalembedwe Romanesque anafalikira m'dziko Ulaya ndi Middle East (zakale Roma, kumene Chikhristu anali kufalitsa). zomangamanga Romanesque likakhazikitsidwa komanso anayamba mchikakamizo cha miyambo ya m'deralo. masukulu awo nyumba analiko England, Norway, Germany, ndi Italy.

zipilala kwambiri nthawi imeneyi anasunga mu France. Wotchuka - Carcassonne (m'ma 12) - linga mzinda kum'mwera kwa dziko; Abbey Saint-Michel (zaka 12), mtundu yachifumu maloko St. Anttonen Auxerre (zaka 12). Makamaka kalembedwe Romanesque momveka bwino m'kukoma zomangamanga wa Cathedral wa Notre-Dame La Grande ku Poitiers (m'ma 11).

Medieval luso ndi anonymous, ife sitikudziwa mayina a mapulani ndi omanga.

zomangamanga Romanesque, komabe Ndimagoma ife mphamvu ndi otchuka mtendere, analengedwa ndi ambuye osadziwika. Koma N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ukhalebe maina a ndiAmene mmodzi wa nyumba wotchuka mu dziko - zovuta kachisi mu mzinda ku Italy Pisa. Pisa Cathedral ndi belu nsanja (Tower wa Pisa) analengedwa ndi omanga ku Innsbruck (ano Switzerland) Busketom Raynaldusom ndi kumayambiriro kwa zaka 11-12.