Red zokoma apulo mtengo: zosiyanasiyana kufotokoza ndi zithunzi

Mwina, n'kovuta kupeza munthu amene sakonda maapulo. Anthu ena amakonda zosiyanasiyana lokoma, akufunika acidity pa m'kamwa. Obereketsa padziko lonse akugwira ntchito pa kuswana latsopano, bwino mitundu ya mitengo apulo. Today ife timathandiza kuti mmodzi wa zimenezi - Red zokoma zosiyanasiyana apulo.

Mbiri ya sukulu

dzina kalasi limachokera ku mawu a ofiira omwe likumasuliridwa kuti "kufiira", ndi zokoma, kutanthauza "zokoma". The zosiyanasiyana unachokera mu US, pa mowiriza kusintha zokoma apulo. Pa mtengo mwadzidzidzi sprig ndi zipatso wofiira. Voterani cultivar ichi, obereketsa Russia linavomereza kulima pa gawo Russian.

Kwa nthawi yaitali zosiyanasiyana anali atakulitsa yekha m'madera kum'mwera, koma pambuyo pake anaonekera ndipo tidakocheza mafakitale pa dera la North Caucasus. Masiku ano, mafakitale m'minda Red zokoma apulo (chithunzi mungathe onani pansipa) kwambiri yafupika, koma pali kufunika kwa mitengo apulo ndi zomera zosiyanasiyana izi ndi mkulu pakati wamaluwa kusangalala.

Kwa zaka yaitali kuswana cultivar anali kholo la cultivars ambiri chidwi. Mwachitsanzo, pa Crimea Experimental Station anali: lawi Elbrus Prikubanskaya, Zima kukongola. Pa Experimental Station Pomorie obereketsa Japanese ufulu kubereketsa zomera wa apulo cultivar Red zokoma ali Asia, amene amakhala ndi kukoma chodabwitsa zipatso.

Apulo mtengo Red zokoma: kufotokoza, chithunzi

Srednerosloe mtengo zosiyanasiyana ichi pa mbewu chitsa kufika kutalika kwa pafupifupi mamita, koma pa nyenyezi yaing'ono - kawirikawiri pamwamba mamita anayi. Crone za mtengo amaloŵamo kusintha njira ya chitukuko: zaka 7-8, liri ndi chowulungika kapena n'zosiyana pyramidal mawonekedwe, ndi zaka 9-10 amakhala shirokookrugloy.

Korona amapanga ndi kuchuluka kwa ang'ono, makulidwe sing'anga, nthambi zina mosabisa kuti kuyambira tsinde pa ngodya ya ° 35 65. iwo kawirikawiri utoto mumtundu utoto. Iwo ali a misinkhu yosiyanasiyana zipatso mapangidwe, waufupi zokhudzana - kolchatki. Ndi pa iwo pa Red zokoma apulo ndi maapulo zipse.

Mphukira wa apulo-waukulu sing'anga nazale, iwo zigwire mtundu ofiira, omwe darkens mitengo wamkulu. Pa pubescent pamwamba akuwombera pa nkhope yonse. Ambiri mwa mphukira molunjika, koma nthawi zina pali komanso yokhota kumapeto mu korona.

masamba

Iwo ali ambiri kukula, ku likulu la korona ndi mawonekedwe chowulungika, ndipo m'munsi ndi chapamwamba - kwambiri elongated. The mbale pamwamba lakuthwa, ndi patsinde pang'ono anamaliza. masamba utoto wolemera mtundu wobiriwira, pamwamba ndi yosalala ndi chonyezimira ndi masamba serrate-crenate. Chachikulu kusiyana kwa cultivars Mwachitsanzo, ku kholo la kalasi - zokoma, mabodza patsinde pa petiole lapansi.

Ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa, mudzaona pa petiole chidutswa chofiira amene akupempha pakati pa bwalolo, pa mitsempha.

maluwa

Maluwa Red zokoma apulo chaka chilichonse ndiponso wodzaza kwambiri. Masamba pinki, yamkaka pamakhala woyera amene chowulungika mu mawonekedwe. Flower pamakhala ili pa mtunda ndithu Chrixitu ndi pafupifupi wokhudza m'mbali. Maluwa ndi stamens manyazi anaika pafupifupi kutalika chomwecho. Khalidwe kutseka kuti uchiwo usatuluke - inflorescences wapangidwa ndi maluwa 3-4.

zipatso

Rhode zokoma - apulo mtengo, malongosoledwe a umene tingaupeze mabuku onse Buku pa munda. The zipatso zosiyanasiyana ichi ndi wokongola ngakhale mu maonekedwe: lalikulu, kuzungulira-conical kapena mawonekedwe tapered. Iwo utoto mtundu wolemera wofiira. kulemera pafupifupi ranges ku magalamu 150 ndi 220, koma akhoza kufika pazipita kulemera 300 magalamu.

Mtundu zipatso apulo Red zokoma uniformly chimakwirira padziko lonse. Peel apulo wandiweyani ndi yosalala kwambiri kukhudza, izo amalola kuwononga makina. Ena wamaluwa amaona chovuta ndi bwino kuyeretsa chipatso asanadye.

thupi ndi pakati ndi kirimu apulo-wobiriwira, yandikira kwa peel wa - Kamaoneka. Iye ndi crunchy, yowutsa mudyo kwambiri, koma yosungiramo yaitali amakhala mealiness ndi ena vatnost. Maapulo akhoza kudyedwa monga atsopano, ndi kukonzekera kuti timadziti, sachedwa chifukwa, umatetezera, ntchito monga kudzazidwa kwa mikate, oyenera kuyanika.

Kukoma kwa mitundu apulo mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi nyengo ya kukula mtengo: mu zigawo youma, kutentha iwo kudziunjikira shuga ndi zokonda - lokoma, ndi acidity wochenjera. M'madera ozizira maapulo zambiri acidic, koma mochepa yowutsa mudyo kuposa kum'mwera.

zili michere

The Red zokoma apulo zipatso ali ku 0,38% kuti 0,65% asidi, shuga - 11,5%, 130 mg / 100 ga mankhwala P ntchito, 16% zolimba, za 6.5 mg / 100g Vitamini S.

kubzala

Kudzala Red zokoma mbande apulo mu dzenje kubzala ikuchitika. mozama awo akhale pafupi makumi asanu ndi atatu masentimita, m'lifupi - makumi asanu ndi awiri. M'munsi chiyenera kuikidwa mabowo ngalande (wosweka njerwa, miyala, kukodzedwa dongo) wosanjikiza masentimita asanu, pamwamba wosanjikiza yaikidwa lachonde: peat osakaniza, mtsinje mchenga, ndi humus mulingo ofanana.

Mutabzala, ndi nthaka compaction zofunika kutsanulira mlingo wake zidebe atatu pa lililonse mmera ndi zamulchirovat humus kapena peat. Musaphimbe muzu khosi la mitengo achinyamata - pambuyo subsidence ayenera kukhala masentimita atatu pamwamba pa nthaka. Mutabzala, onetsetsani kukhazikitsa thandizo msomali ndipo muvale mmera.

Features wa kulima

Wamaluwa wa kumpoto amanena kuti nyengo apulo awo Red zokoma kupanda hardiness. Poganizira zimenezi, kutola dziko kubzala, kusankha bwino kutetezedwa mphepo ndi drafts malo limagwirizana popanda mikrozapadin, stagnation wa Madzi a mvula kapena kusungunula zithunzi madzi. zosiyanasiyana Izi salola nthaka kwambiri yonyowa, choncho anasankha malo pansi ayenera kuthamanga osaposa mamita awiri.

Ngati mmera anu pa chitsa nyenyezi yaing'ono, iwo ali ndi dongosolo zochepa otukuka muzu, kotero mamita abomawo madzi osaya tebulo osachepera limodzi ndi theka.

Kudzala Red zokoma apulo bwino anachita mu kasupe, pamene madera a kum'mwera kwa dziko lathu, inu mukhoza kuchita izo ndi kugwa. nthaka Pre anakumba ndi mafosholo mpeni, kuchotsedwa udzu (bedi udzu makamaka) ndi ntchito kwa humus dothi kapena makilogalamu atatu linakwiriridwa manyowa, supuni nitroammophoska magalamu 500 phulusa nkhuni.