Pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake: chipangizo, mfundo opaleshoni ndipo wadera

Ngati makumi angapo zapitazo, osasunga kwa Kutentha ambiri anali khala ndi nkhuni, koma lero pali mpweya. Komabe, mafuta, malasha, ndi zina sizingatheke powombetsa. Mwachitsanzo, mu malo ena mu gawo payekha ndi midzi wakunja kwatawuni palibe payipi mpweya. Osati amachita Kutentha ndi malasha, eni kumanga pyrolysis ng'anjo ndi dzanja. Tiyeni tiwone chimene mtundu wa zida nanga zinthu zake zazikulu.

Kodi kukatentha nanga pyrolysis

Sizikusokonezani zida izi ndi ochiritsira olimba kukatentha mafuta. Limaphatikiza ngakhale ndi ankagwiritsa ntchito mafuta ofanana monga malasha, briquettes ndi nkhuni, koma mfundo za ntchito yawo ndi ndinasintha osiyana.

Ifeyo, tikulimbana ndi otchedwa distillation youma. The ndondomeko kuyaka kukuchitika kutentha kwa madigiri 200 kwa 800 ndi kuchepetsedwa kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'chipinda kuyaka. Motero, mitengo youma ndi linakwiriridwa mu zotsalira ndi coke olimba, makala ndi waukulu mchitidwe - pyrolysis mpweya. Last ndi wothira mpweya ndi akutumikira monga activator la ndondomeko kuyaka. Dziwani kuti lero, pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake anapanga zambiri zokwanira. Ichi ndi chifukwa kapangidwe wosalira zambiri ndipo khamu mosavuta. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, utsi kuti amapangidwa pa kuyaka, lilibe zosafunika zoipa. N'zotheka kukwaniritsa chifukwa mogwirizana kwa pyrolysis mpweya ndi mpweya.

Pamwamba udindo wa kamera

Izi zili kumvetsera pakati pa makonzedwe m'munsi chipinda. Komabe, Dziwani kuti maonekedwe zochepa zapitazi zoterozo pyrolysis ng'anjo. manja awo anamanga amisiri, kenako anagulitsidwa kale anachita mwaukadaulo. Lero, ngakhale zinawachitikira ena anthu, koma chifukwa kutchuka ndi silinakwaniritsidwe analandira. Monga kuyenera, iwo ndi zoonekeratu. kompyuta opaleshoni kusodza zachilengedwe ndipo sanali oyaka kwathunthu. Komanso, Imatithandiza kapangidwe anawonjezera ena zest. Mfundo ntchito imeneyi ng'anjo zachokera la chipinda chachikulu, ili mu mmunsi mwa ng'anjo, limatuluka ndi pyrolysis mpweya m'chipinda chapamwamba kumene wothira oxygen. Kudzera kutsegula pansi mu thupi ng'anjo akulowa mpweya rarefied, amene pamodzi ndi mpweya amapereka makutidwe ndi okosijeni anachita. Kwenikweni kuyaka kwa mafuta ikuchitika mu chipinda m'munsi, ndiye usavutike coolant. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pyrolysis m'ng'anjo ya mtundu uwu, chosamangika ndi manja awo, ndi kuphedwa yake ikhoza kuyenda mbali imodzi ya mafuta maola 12-14.

Ochepa chipangizo

Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti pyrolysis ng'anjo ali m'zipinda kuyaka awiri. Zonse ziwiri zofunika kuyaka. Chimodzi mwa zipinda limene mafuta ndi olemedwa, ayenera mwamphamvu anatseka kuti musayandikire oxygen. Kukumbukira zimenezi pamene angagwiritse mankhwala. Chifukwa, ndi pyrolysis mpweya umene limatuluka mu chipinda afterburning, kumene wothira mpweya sekondale. Choncho ukuwonjezeka kuyaka dzuwa monga kutentha madyaidya ndikuledzera. Chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi zipinda anasiyanitsidwa ndi kabati ndi. Mbali imodzi ya ndondomeko - mpweya wabwino chapamwamba. Komanso, bungwe zofunika kukakamizidwa kulowa usilikali. Izi kuchepetsa kuuluka bwino potsatira njira m'mbuyo.

Pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake: Safety

Ngati mukupita kupanga Kutentha yake zida, tiyenera kuona kuti asankha amafuna kuyeza khalidwe mpweya mafuta osakaniza ndi chitetezo leni ng'anjo. Chifukwa imeneyi, muyenera osachepera zinachitikira kochepa ndi zojambula ndi malo a mtundu uliwonse zida kuwotcherera. Ntchito mogometsa muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zamagetsi, ndi apamwamba mankhwala nyumba - zitsulo aloyi. Mbali pakompyuta chofunika kulamulira ndondomeko pyrolysis. Ngati si n'komwe, ndiye pyrolysis wanu ng'anjo pamapeto pake kutembenukira mu burzhujku kwambiri wamba. Ndipo tsopano tiyeni tisunthire kwa gawo lalikulu, tiyeni tione mmene kupanga zida ndi manja ake. Pamaso pa luso chokwanira ndi zipangizo sizikupanga khama.

Zida ndi zipangizo

Pamaso pyrolysis ng'anjo akanati zomangidwa ndi manja ake, m'pofunika kuti tikhale ndi ya zipangizo, popanda zomwe ntchito n'zosathekadi, komanso zakuthupi. Choyamba, muyenera makina kuwotcherera ndi kubowola magetsi. Komanso mwa zipangizo zofunika kukhala oyenerera chopukusira (LBM). Mu patsogolo ziyenera kukhala pansi 125 mamilimita awiri bwalo, ngati izi sizingatheke, ndiye oyenera chimake 230 mm. Komanso pamafunika pepala zitsulo. wochindikala ayenera kukhala osachepera 4 mamilimita ndi wamkulu kuposa 7.5 mm. Mulimonsemo, mbali mkati chidzalalikidwa zopangidwa ndi zitsulo osachepera 4 mamilimita wandiweyani. Pamene zinthu izi kwa casing ukhale wa makulidwe wamng'ono - 3 mm. Komanso, muyenera kutenga mapaketi ochepa a maelekitirodi ndi za 10-15 zidutswa za njerwa refractory kuti akalowa. Ayenera kukhala pa dzanja kudula ndi umapezeka mawilo 230 125 mm, motero. musachite kwambiri kuyendetsa zamagetsi. Zimakupiza ndi kachipangizo kutentha adzakhala okwanira. Kupatukana zipinda ntchito kabati. Musaiwale kugula khomo awiri.

Pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake: Malangizo and Technology

Amayamba ntchito ndi kuthetsa lapansi. Pokhapokha muli ndi zomangamanga mtima, zikhoza kuthandiza pofotokoza akatswiri. Kawirikawiri, mitengo zithandizozi ang'ono. Chiwembu chomwecho pafupifupi motere:

• Kuwotcherera ntchito. Apa muli kupanga zitsulo casing ndi chipinda (kuyaka ndi kuyaka).
• M'mphepete gawo mkati mwa refractory (refractory) njerwa.
• Kupanga mabowo kwa kupereka machitidwe mpweya okwanira mu chipinda kuyaka.
• Kukonzekera kuyaka chipinda zenera ndi khomo unsembe.
• Khazikitsa madzi jekete.
• Ogwiritsa zimakupiza mu chitoliro kubwereketsa.

Malinga ndi zolinga zawo ndi pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake. The zojambula mu nkhani iyi ikhoza kukhala pano kapena ayi. Njira yoyamba ndi bwino, kuyambira yolondola ntchito ndi ntchito mankhwala adzakhala bwino.

Chiyambi cha ntchito

Iwo ayenera kumvetsa kuti maziko a kukatentha aliyense - ndi burner ndi kuyaka chipinda. Kutentha pali zoopsa ndithu, zambiri za 500-1000 madigiri Celsius, choncho m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo wapadera. Ngati palibe, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito ina, koma ndi bwino kuti khoma awiri. makoma zodula ziyenera kuperekedwa ntchito LBM malinga ndi miyeso zasonyezedwa mu zithunzi ndi. Makulidwe ayenera anasamutsa molondola, kuchita ichi, ntchito wolamulira kapena zida zina chingwe. Pambuyo ku profiled machubu ndi nthiti. Monga mukuonera, mpaka pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake, umene zithunzi ayenera kukhala mosavuta, n'zosavuta kwambiri. Chinthu chachikulu - kusunga luso.

Kupanga mfundo zofunika

Aliyense njerwa pyrolysis ng'anjo anapanga ndi manja awo, kumasonyeza khomo m'chipinda kuyaka ndi chipinda phulusa. Iwo ayenera kuchita. Kuyamba ndi mabowo mokhomerera mpanda kutsogolo, womwe wapangidwa ndi kukula kwa chitseko. Kuti ntchito ikuchitika molondola, Ndi bwino kuika chizindikiro patsambali chinthu lakuthwa kenako kuyamba zodula.

Ndiye muyenera kukonzekera thanki madzi. thanki izipangidwa zosapanga dzimbiri. Nkofunika kwambiri kuphika chidebe kuti sadzakhala kutayikira. Ngati mukukayika, ndi bwino kukaonana ndi katswiri. Mini pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake anapanga njira yomweyo wogwira zinachitika. Mulimonsemo paipi zovuta imene imagwiritsidwa otaya dera pakati pa emissivity mkulu.

Kodi kusonkhana kukonza?

Kuchepetsa mphamvu ntchito tikulimbikitsidwa kuti asonkhane mwachindunji pa malo ntchito. Samalani izi zisanachitike, kuti kunyamula zolemera lolemera. Akuyendera, maziko ali gone, ndiye aikidwa pa mkati mpanda wozungulira, ndipo yakwera pansi thireyi phulusa. Makoma mkati likugwirizana ndi kuwotcherera. Mfundo choncho wakonzeka tsopano nthawi kuwotcherera ya zipinda kuyaka ndi moto exchanger pa chitsogozo kabati. Molunjikitsa welded stiffener, ndipo kenako zipupa za kunja ndi wokwera. Ndi pafupifupi anapanga pyrolysis uvuni wathu ndi manja ake. Chiwembu akusonyeza pamaso pa mchenga pakati pa makoma mkati ndi kunja. M'pofunika kudzikundikira kutentha ndi kutetezedwa kutenthedwa.

kumaliza kumanga

Pambuyo pa mchenga odzazidwa, zitseko losindikizidwa ndi wokwera, chikugwirizana dera madzi. Masiku ano, anthu ambiri amanena kuti kubala Jetstream ng'anjo, imene mphamvu ndi zosakwana 15 kW, ndi zosayenera. Mfundo kapangidwe zitsulo udzatha. Ndi losavuta pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake pafupifupi anapanga. Onse omwe atsalira - ndi kuchita ntchito ina ndi njerwa ndi. Njira wopangidwa refractory. Mwa njira, maphikidwe pali ambiri, tichisankhe, izo ziri kwa inu. Muyenera kudziwa kuti ng'anjo akalowa firebricks. Komabe, mu nkhani iyi sayenera kudalira ntchito mankhwala kwa nyengo kuposa wina. Monga mukuonera, ndi pyrolysis ng'anjo anapanga ndi manja awo si kudya ndi osiyanasiyana monga tikufuna, koma n'zotheka ndithu kuchita.

Mapeto a ntchito

Ndipo chikunena komaliza. Choyamba, muyenera kupanga kutentha exchanger ndi njerwa refractory. Kuyenera ogaŵikana zipinda ziwiri. Ndiye, mu malo anamasulidwa kukhala anaika kabati. Muyenera kumvetsetsa kuti pamene usavutike iwo kukuza mudzaze kusiyana kumanzere. Kumapeto kwa zitseko yophatikiza kulamulira mavavu ndi levers. M'pofunika bwino kusintha fani, chimene chili chofunika kugonjetsa kuuluka bwino potsatira njira m'mbuyo. Mwachitsanzo, m'nkhalango yowirira pyrolysis uvuni ndi manja ake okhudza chomwecho. Koma mapulani ake kumafuna laling'ono kwambiri ndi opepuka chifukwa pakalibe akalowa wakuda zitsulo. Komabe, chikhalidwe cha zida ngati ukugwira ntchito bwino.