Pinot noir: malongosoledwe, makhalidwe, kupanga ndi ndemanga

Pinot noir (FR. Pinot noir, wakuda paini chulucho) ndi kalasi luso mphesa wofiira kuti apange wofiira, pinki, vinyo woyera ndi shampeni. Akukhulupirira kuti akhoza kukhala kuti vinyo wabwino. Pinot noir kuphunzitsidwa mpesa ambiri zigawo vinyo yopanga pa dziko yopanga vinyo wothwanima chete.

Features wa kulima

zosiyanasiyana Ichi chikudziwika kwa zipatso zake otsika, ndipo zimavuta kwambiri kuti tikwaniritse kumaliza kusasitsa ake. Mphesa kwa shampeni ndi vinyo ena wothwanima zambiri ndi apamwamba zokolola zambiri. Chifukwa chotero zovuta kakulidwe ndi losavuta: Pinot noir zipatso khungu woonda kwambiri. Izi zimapangitsa sachedwa matenda a mafangasi ndi kuvunda. Komanso, m'madera otentha mpesa lozhnomuchnistoy mosavuta matenda cinoni. Choncho, zigawo yabwino kukula Pinot noir madera ndi kuzizira ndi youma nyengo.

zosiyanasiyana Izi atengeke kwambiri masinthidwe, ambiri amene ntchito yopanga vinyo otchuka. Zikuphatikizapo Pinot Meunier, Pinot Gris ndi Pinot Blanc. Mu 1990, France wakhala nakulitsa 46 yonse ya Pinot Noir. Mu South Africa, ngakhale anatha kuwoloka ndi chikuni Senso, ndi chifukwa kuti anali akamagwira Pinotage.

mbali khalidwe

Wine Pinot noir amamuchititsa kukhala ofatsa kapena zolimbitsa flavoring lonse, ndi zolemba currants ofiira ndi zakuda; zinazake kukula akhoza kupereka ndi noticeable zake amakambirana. Mtundu zambiri opepuka kuposa vinyo ena wofiira kwa kuchuluka ang'onoang'ono a pigment pakhungu woonda. Pinot noir adza kwa nkhuku, nyama, nkhosa ndi nkhumba. Mogwirizana ndi zofunika wapadera zinthu kulima, zosiyanasiyana izi kawirikawiri opangidwa zedi laling'ono kwambiri kuposa ena.

Chinsinsi cha Gauls

Pinot noir ndi imodzi mwa mitundu woyamba amene akhala ayipanga cholinga yopanga vinyo. Kale m'zaka za m'ma AD atumwi, Aroma akale kuchokera Brew wake ammutu. Pambuyo pa nkhondo ya Gau, lero France, anaona kuti anthu akomweko anamwa madzi a kuthengo zipatso Pinot noir, amene anali kusungidwa mu mbiya matabwa, ndipo anadabwa ndi kukoma yake yapadera. Akuti mafumu a Aroma zaka 300 kuyesera kuti vinyo.

Pamene gulu la akunjawo anadutsa France patapita zaka, vinyo anapitiriza kukhala patsogolo. Yopanga anasamutsidwa kuti alimi amene anagwira ntchito eni dziko wolemera.

Koma n'chifukwa chofunika kwambiri chifukwa zosiyanasiyana wakula mpaka pano, amagwirizana ndi agulupa Katolika. Pinot noir anasankhidwa ntchito ma sakaramenti, ndi zothandizira mipingo yawo ya mpingo koposa chokwanira kuti inafalitsidwa. Ndi VI. N. e. Burgundy unagawidwa mpesa ambiri, omwe anali ndi alongo katundu mpingo. Pambuyo French kuukira boma la 1789, mayiko amenewa anagwira - anapanga ambiri zomera ting'onoting'ono amene amalimidwa paokha.

Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, Pinot noir anamukwiyira nakulitsa mu French Burgundy, amodzi mwa malo ochepa padziko lonse kumene mtundu umenewu nthawi zonse kupereka kukolola.

Burgundy padziko lonse

Mosakayikira, Burgundy loyenera kwambiri ndi dera wamtengo wapatali kwambiri kukula Pinot Noir. Apa ndi Côte d'Kapena, "Golden otsetsereka", kukuchitika kwa 50 kukafika lokwera la mapiri m'lifupi 3 Km. Pali ambiri a zimatsimikizira kuti malowa imodzi yabwino ku dziko kwa kupanga Pinot Noir. ndemanga vinyo chomwe kuiika pamalo oyamba mu dziko, opangidwa kuchokera ku mphesa wamkulu pa mosabisa, atatsamira kumapiri a kum'mawa, limene linapatsa yaitali zotsatira za dzuwa. nthaka lili wambirimbiri choko, amene amathandiza kwapadera ngalande imene nthaka ali apamwamba pafupifupi kutentha.

Kupatula Burgundy, khalidwe Pinot noir opangidwa mu m'madera ena. Iwo Willamette Valley mu US, Martinborough, Vaipara ndi pakati Otago ku New Zealand. Mu Ukraine, vinyo "Inkerman Pino Nuar" amapangidwa pa maofesi a Nyumba ya cognacs mpesa "Tavria" mu dera Kherson.

Willamette Valley, Oregon ali zinthu zabwino kwa mphesa kukula ndipo lili ndi nyengo amtengo ozizira. Izi ndi zinthu zazikulu kupanga Pinot noir. M'masiku otsiriza Ice Age m'chigwa panali madzi osefukira chachikulu. Pamene madzi ataphwera, pansi anali wolemera chiphala matope, kupanga zina minda yopambana zinalengedwa. Valley amapuma dzuwa lili dongosolo kwambiri ngalande. The vinyo ochokera m'chigawo chimenechi muli pakati zabwino North ndi South America.

Ku New Zealand, Martinborough m'madera Vaipara ndi pakati Otago ndi zimachititsa chilumbachi chomwecho ndi nyengo. Chapakati Otago ndi lotchuka chifukwa cha khalidwe la Pinot ake zazikulu noir. Malowa ali pamtunda limodzi la rarest a nyengo chokhala la New Zealand, okhoza kupereka akadakwanitsira kukula nyengo. Akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti Pinot noir labala pano akhoza kupikisana ndi vintages yabwino Burgundy. Chifukwa cha kukula ka malo ku Central Otago silidzakhala kwambiri vinyo kukula dera, koma angathe kubala vinyo dziko kalasi kulibe kuno. Kutsindika apa si pa kuchuluka koma khalidwe.

m'madera ena padziko lonse lapansi ndi malonjezo kukhala lodziwika vinyo alimi zosiyanasiyana izi. Zikuphatikizapo: ndi Okanogan Valley (Canada), Germany, Italy (Pinot Nero), Switzerland, Austria, South Africa, Serbia, China, Chile ndi Australia. unabereka "Crimea Pino Nuar" vinyo mu Ukraine.

mpesa wotchuka

Apa, mpesa onse Burgundy akhoza kutchulidwa, koma akanakhala wonyong'onya ndi banal. N'zotheka kutchula wotchuka kwambiri a iwo, miyeso yolinganizira kwa pristine khalidwe la Pinot noir, Domaine de A La Romanee-Conti.

Mpesa ndi imodzi yabwino ku dziko, ndi vinyo Pinot noir opangidwa mwa izo, mowirikiza amalandira apamwamba connoisseurs kufanizitsa vinyo padziko lonse. A wapadera ndi matupi kukoma iliyonse ndimweko Sitikukayikira kuti aliyense amene anali mwayi zokwanira kugula botolo la Pinot Noir "Domaine de A La Romanee-Conti." Komabe, tiyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti mabotolo osachepera mtengo akhoza ndalama oposa $ 150, pamene mitengo kukolola kale kufika pamwamba kuposa kale lonse.

Kunja kwa Burgundy angapo ya mpesa kwambiri popanga apamwamba Pinot Noir, kuphatikizapo Willamette Valley mu Oregon ndi phiri Edward, New Zealand.

Mpesa Willamette amadziwika monga mmodzi wopambana mu United States, ndipo Pinot ake noir akutamandidwa lonse. Ndi nthaka analogously Burgundy ndi chidwi zachilengedwe dongosolo ngalande, mphesa wamkulu Kunoko vinyo wofiira Pinot noir, motsindika zipatso woyera maluwa, kuya ndi machulukitsidwe.

Mpesa Phiri Edward komanso anadalitsa ndi zinthu kukula ofanana ndi burgundy. Alan Breydi, mwini wa winery apadera kwambiri anali ngati mpainiya winemaking ku New Zealand, ndi kufunafuna wangwiro Pinot noir zinachititsa kuti zikamera angapo a vinyo zabwino kwambiri opangidwa zedi zochepa. vinyo amapangidwa mitundu anasankhidwa ndi Brady transmits zaka zambiri a gulu lililonse. Chifukwa ndi Pinot noir woonda zipatso ndi malankhulidwe anthaka; kosangalatsa kwambiri.

kupanga

Nkofunika kukumbukira kuti aliyense wa mpesa ndi winery mu dziko ikugwira ntchito njira yake kupanga. Mmunsimu muli mwachidule za kupanga ndondomeko Pinot noir.

vinyo yadzuwa n'kuyamba moyo wake ngati yaing'ono, mphesa woonda-khungu. Ichi ndi chomera capricious kwambiri, zomwe zimapereka phindu lochuluka okha zinthu mulingo woyenera kukula - mu nyengo yozizira wambiri dzuwa ndi ngalande wabwino. Chitetezo ku tizilombo ndi madzi okwanira adzakhala okwanira kuonetsetsa kuti mpesa adzatulutsa mphesa apamwamba. Kukoma kwa mphesa chimadalira pa utali ukhala pa mpesa, ndi Tinganene - yaitali, m'pamenenso zotsekemera. The zipatso zambiri kukolola nyengo kuchokera February kwa April, koma kuti akhoza kusintha chifukwa nyengo.

Rapid isanayambike vinyo ndondomeko kupanga chiri chikhalidwe cha khalidwe vinyo apamwamba, kotero siteji yotsatira - ntchito kunyamula kukolola mphesa ku malo processing. The crusher udzaphwanya zipatso ndi tiyeni madzi, nthawi yomweyo kulekanitsa mapesi ndi peel. Pankhani ya Pinot noir, madzi amakhalabe kukhudzana ndi khungu, kulola tannins utoto madzi mandala.

Kenako, madzi ndi thovu. ndondomeko izi zikuyamba pamene kuthira madzi mu chidebe ndi Kuwonjezera wa vinyo yisiti. Tizilombo kunyeketsa shuga zachilengedwe ndi mowa kupangidwa ngati byproduct a. Mpweya woipa ndi kutentha monga wolemekezeka Koma moŵa mpweya wabwino ayenera kupatsidwa. Pamene shuga onse kwasanduka mowa, maselo yisiti akuphedwa.

Wine Pinot Noir zimafuna nthawi zochepa anakumana ndi zikopa mphesa, m'pamenenso wokhathamira vinyo, monga Merlot, choncho ndipofunika kutsatira mtundu. Pamene kapangidwe anakhumba zimatheka, vinyo aikidwa mu chidebe china, amangoona thundu kapena zosapanga dzimbiri, kwa gawo lotsatira la nayonso mphamvu. Oak migolo kupereka zonunkhira owonjezera ndi tannins.

Ndiye vinyo kusungidwa m'chipinda chapansi kapena ofanana malo ozizira ndi youma. The anakonzeratu nthawi, amangoona miyezi itatu iliyonse kapena anayi, izo amaloŵamo decanting ndondomeko, pamene madzi mandala ndi wosiyana precipitate lapansi. M'chaka choyamba nthawi imeneyi noir ndondomeko Pinot ndi lokhala ndi mpweya wokwanira, amene amalola pansi tannins; ADZAWONONGENSO kuchita.

Patapita miyezi 20-24. kukalamba vinyo dzira woyera anawonjezera kuti kuwaphunzira owonjezera utoto. madzi ndiye decanted kwa nthawi yotsiriza kutsanulira chotsirizidwa ndi waikidwa.

shampeni

Pakuti mphesa ntchito Shampeni ndi vinyo ena wothwanima, ndondomeko akuyamba ndi kupsinja. The zipatso ali mokoma mbamuikha ndi madzi Akusonkhanitsa pamaso pa peel akuyamba kuipitsa madzi. madzi mphesa ntchito kuti akadali vinyo, kenako kukhala wothwanima.

Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya ulimi wa shampeni ndi kusankha botolo kuti akhoza kupirira mavuto kwambiri. Kamodzi beseni ndi wokonzeka, izo anazitsanulira mwa akadali vinyo. Kenaka yikani yisiti ndi shuga njira, ndi botolo anali chili pamwamba. Pamene yisiti thovu shuga anawonjezera, opangidwa moŵa ndi mpweya. Popeza mosonyeza mpweya amasungunula mu madzi.

vinyo ndi okalamba ndi botolo pang'onopang'ono zimayenda ndi linapendekeka mpaka pamalo mozondoka. Akufa yisiti maselo kusonkhanitsa pansi ndipo adzakhala okonzeka m'zigawo. Akusunsa khosi njira yozizira, akufa yisiti maselo ena pellet botolo mazira linatsegulidwa ndi pulagi kuchotsedwa.

Pomaliza, pamwamba pa botolo udzathiridwa vinyo wokoma, kuti wasindikizidwa, kuvala zitsulo waya ndi wokutidwa zojambulazo. Shampeni wokonzeka.

ziwiya za kukhitchini

Posankha ziwiya zoyenera kuti Pinot noir - mkhalidwe zofunika chopezera zosangalatsa zimenezi. Choyamba, tiyenera kulabadira zipangizo omwe galasi wapangidwa. Muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti ndi kowala ndi bwino, monga timatha inu kuwona mtundu wa vinyo.

Ndiye muyenera kunyamula mbale ya kukula abwino. Voliyumu ya galasi akhale monga ali okwanira kuchuluka kwa vinyo ndi nachobe chipinda cha kuzungulira kosavuta kwa madzi. Izi zimafunika kapu mbale yaikulu.

chotengera ayenera kukhala ndi mwendo. Ngati mukhala galasi ndi tsinde kapena kuyima, Fingerprints sati kunditumiza ku chikho, komabe kulola kuti kuona dzuwa chakumwa.

Pomaliza, tiyenera kupeza chotengera tapering pamwamba. Izi osati kuthandiza kupewa kuchucha, koma kumvana kukoma, kuti zomverera zosangalatsa kwambiri.

kulawa

Choyamba, tiyenera anayendera chakumwa. Izi bwino anachita pa kuwala akuda maziko. Mtundu wa vinyo kafungo zaka; mdima Pinot noir za moyo wake wakale, koma chinazilala - kukhwima.

Kodi motere amapereka vinyo mosinthanasinthana pang'ono. Izi kuonjezera dera kukhudzana ndi mpweya, ndi kuonetsetsa zofukiza zobisika kwambiri. Pa nsonga chapamwamba galasi adzasonkhana ndi fungo wolemera. Fungo la vinyo watsopano ndi amphamvu ndipo Mwazipatso, ndi vinyo kucha adzakupatsani onunkhiritsa yachiwiri ya padziko kapena mtengo.

Last pakubwera Zokoma yokha. Wine ayenera kutsatira mkamwa mwanu, musati kumeza yomweyo. The fungo zidzakhudza kudzera thirakiti chapamwamba kupuma. Ndiko kuti, imapereka kukoma woona wa vinyo. Kumasula oonetsera kwambiri, muyenera pokoka mpweya ndi kutulutsa mwa mphuno ndi mkamwa kapena kuyamwa pang'ono mpweya.

Kukoma idzasintha. Choyamba zidindo ndi mpweya kutsogolo, ndiye pakati wake ndi gawo wapotalikira. Gawo lirilonse adzakhala zimafalitsa oonetsera wochenjera ndi zofukiza.

Chinthu otsiriza kulawa Pinot noir - kumeza pang'ono. Izi adzakupatsani kwambiri tanthauzo la kukoma ndi masamba aftertaste yaitali pakamwa. vinyo osiyana ndi nthawi zosiyana za aftertaste, koma Tinganene ya chala - yaitali bwino.

Pomaliza, tiyenera kumulavulira kunja otsala. Kumene, ngati kuledzera si cholinga kulawa.