Phonetic ndondomeko kunachitika mawu (mwachitsanzo). njira Phonetic m'chilankhulo

Phonetic ndondomeko amenewa amapezeka mu mawu, makamaka limafotokoza kalembedwe ake ndi katchulidwe. chodabwitsa zinenero ayenera n'komwe pamene akuchita kusanthula zomvetsera pa maphunziro a chinenero cha Chirasha. chidwi linaperekedwa pano udindo wa phokoso. Otchedwa Pamalo njira phonetic zikusonyeza m'zinenero zambiri. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ambiri mwa kusintha kapangidwe phokoso la mawu zimadalira malo okhala a zonyamulira. Wina zipolopolo mavawelo, ena zilembo kumafeŵetsa. Kusiyana pakati Moscow bulo [yakumadzulo] ndi Nye Petersburg bulo [CHN] Single akhala axiomatic.

tanthawuzo

ndondomeko phonetic ndi chiyani? Kusintha makamaka pa mawu akuti phokoso la makalata mchikakamizo cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Cha zinthu izi, ndipo izo zimatengera mtundu wa ndondomeko. Ngati sanauzidwe ndi lexical chigawo cha chinenero, katchulidwe wamba mawu (mwachitsanzo, accented) - zodabwitsazi amatchedwa Pamalo. Zikuphatikizapo yafupika zilembo zosiyanasiyana ndi mavawelo, komanso kutha chigulu cha mawu.

Chinthu china - anthu njira phonetic mu chilankhulo kupereka osakaniza phokoso osiyana mu mawu. Adzatchedwa combinatorial (ie. E. Limapangitsa kuphatikiza makamaka mawu). Choyamba, zimenezi zimaphatikizapo kuloŵerera akayamba ganizo lothetselatu nkhanza. Ndipo mulole mmene wotsatira phokoso (mgwirizano ndondomeko) ndi yapita (mwapang'onopang'ono).

kuchepetsa mavawelo

Kuyamba, ife tisanthule chodabwitsa kuchepetsa. Akuti ndi mmene chifukwa mavawelo ndi zilembo. Pankhani woyamba, ndondomeko kwathunthu pansi maganizo phonetic mawu.

Choyamba ziyenera ananena kuti mavawelo onse mawu anasiyanitsidwa malingana ndi ubale kwa syllable anatsindika. Anamusiya kupita pretonic, pomwe - zaudarnye. Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti "TV." -vi- anatsindika syllable. Choncho, choyamba pretonic -le- chachiwiri pretonic -te-. A -zor- zaudarny.

Nthawi zambiri kuchepetsa za mawu lagawidwa mitundu iwiri: kachulukidwe ndi Mkhalidwe. Woyamba sanalemberetu ndi kusintha kapangidwe phokoso, koma mwamphamvu yekha ndi nthawi. Izi phonetic ndondomeko nkhawa chimodzi chokha za mawu [Y]. Mwachitsanzo, ponena bwino "boudoir". Kutsindika pano imagwera pa syllable otsiriza, ndipo ngati woyamba pretonic "Y" angamvele bwino ndi mokweza, mochuluka kapena mochepa, wachiwiri anamva pretonic ofooka kwambiri.

Sovrem chinthu china - kuchepetsa khalidwe. Iwo sikumangotanthauza kusintha mphamvu ndi kufooka kwa mawu, komanso timbre osiyana. Choncho, kusintha kapangidwe ka articulation mawu.

Mwachitsanzo, [a] ndi [a] mu malo amphamvu (ie. E. Mu maganizo) nthawi anamva bwino, singathe iwo. Tiyeni tione chitsanzo mawu "samovar". Mu syllable woyamba pretonic (-mo-) kalatayo "o" amveka bwino ndithu, koma analephera kupangidwa mapeto asanafike. ali lakuti yake [^] izo mu galamafoniyo. Mu syllable chachiwiri pretonic -sa- za mawu mbali bwino, mwamphamvu yafupika. Chifukwa alinso lakuti yake [b]. Choncho, galamafoniyo amaonekera izi: [SM ^ var].

Mavawelo, moyang'anana zilembo zofewa, ndi chidwi kwambiri. Kachiwiri, iwo anamva bwino mu malo amphamvu. Kodi chimachitika mu syllables unstressed? Tiyeni tione mawu "spindle". Anatsindika syllable - komaliza. M'nthawi pretonic za mawu yafupika pang'ono, izo akutchulidwa monga galamafoniyo ^[ndi] - mauthenga ndi apamaliro. Wachiwiri ndi wachitatu pretonic kwathunthu yafupika. phokoso amenewa anatchulidwa [m]. Choncho, galamafoniyo chiri motere: ^[e v'rti koma].

Odziwika zilankhulo Potebni chiwembu. Iye anadziŵa kuti poyamba syllable pretonic - mowonekera onse unstressed. ena onse otsika naye mphamvu. Ngati za mawu angathe kwambiri, kuti mpaka 3, ndi kuchepetsa anafooka wa 2, iwe chiwembu izi: 12311 (mawu "galamala").

zochitika kawirikawiri (zambiri colloquially), pamene kuchepetsa ndi ziro, T. E. za mawu si kutchulidwa konse. Inapeza zofanana ndondomeko phonetic pakati ndipo pakutha mawuwo. Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti "waya" tinkakhala azigamula za mawu lachiwiri syllable zaudarnom: [provlk], ndi mawu akuti "ndi" yafupika ziro za mawu mu syllable zaudarnom [shtob]

kuchepetsa zilembo

Palinso ndondomeko phonetic chinenero chamakono, wotchedwa kuchepetsa zilembo za. Iye ndi mtundu wa phokoso kumapeto kwa mawu pafupifupi kutha (Nthawi zambiri ziro kuchepetsa).

Izi ndi chifukwa Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa za katchulidwe ka mawu tilankhule iwo monga inu kutulutsa, ndi mpweya otaya ndi zina osakwanira ndi proartikulirovat wabwino phokoso lomaliza. Izo zimatengera zinthu zotengera malingaliridwe: mlingo wa kulankhula komanso maonekedwe a katchulidwe (mwachitsanzo, chilankhulo).

zodabwitsazi Tingaone Mwachitsanzo, mawu "matenda", "Moyo" (ena m'zilembo satha kutchula chomaliza consonant). Nthawi zina yafupika J: mawu akuti "wanga" timanena popanda Komabe, malinga ndi malamulo, zikhale, kotero kuti "ndi" kuyimilira kutsogolo za mawu ndi ...

zidzasintha

A ndondomeko osiyana kuchepetsa ndi zidzasintha pamene anafuulira zilembo tisandulika mchikakamizo cha ogontha kapena mapeto a mawu.

Mwachitsanzo, taganizirani mawu akuti "mitten". Apa anafuulira [ga] mchikakamizo cha akhungu [kuti], nditaima kuseri kwa iye, kuyembekezera. Chifukwa limodzi, lamveka [wk].

Chitsanzo china - mapeto a mawu "thundu". Pali kulira [b] anadabwa [N].

zilembo zonse anafuulira (kapena sonorous) komanso imvera ndondomeko, ngakhale ofooka kwambiri. Ngati ife tikufanizira katchulidwe ka mawu akuti "mtengo" pamene [L] akubwera pambuyo za mawu, ndipo "ng'ombe", pomwe phokoso chomwecho pa mapeto, ndi kosavuta kusiyana. Ngati chachiwiri, sonorous zikumveka wamfupi ndi ofooka.

vocalization

Ndithu n'zosiyana ndondomeko - akulankhula. Iye ndi wa combinatorial, T. E. Malinga phokoso yeniyeni, ataima limodzi. Monga ulamuliro, inakwaniritsidwa zilembo opanda mawu, zomwe zili kutsogolo kwa belu.

Mwachitsanzo, mawu monga "kosangalatsa", "kuchita" - ali Polankhula zinachitika pa mabokosi Mphambano ndi mizu. Tinaona zodabwitsazi pakati pa mawu: kuti [m '] Ba, za [m'] Ba. Komanso, ndondomeko udzachitika pa mawu malire, ndi chochitira: ". Kumudzi" agogo,

easing

lamulo lina la phonetics ndi phokoso zolimba anasintha, ngati iwo pambuyo zilembo zofewa.

Pali malamulo angapo:

1. Kumveka [N] amakhala zofewa pamene kuyimilira kutsogolo [H] kapena [yakumadzulo]: Ba [N '] crate, Malaki [N'] snip, Baraba [N '] crate.
2. Kumveka [m'ma] kumafeŵetsa pa udindo pamaso pa zofewa [mamita '], [N'], ndipo [m] ndi [anthu d '] ndi [N'] TH [C '] kukhala [C'] neg [m '] asanafe, mu [H'] Nya.

malamulo awiriwa ntchito kwa onse chinenero onyamula maphunziro, koma pali m'zilembo kumene kuchepetsa amadziwikanso chikuchitika. Mwachitsanzo, akhoza kutchulidwa [D '] kukhulupirira kapena [C'] zigwireni.

kuloŵerera

Kudziwa ndondomeko phonetic cha kuloŵerera n'zotheka monga kuloŵerera. M'mawu ena, zikumveka, analankhula molimba, ngati oima pafupi ndi kuphunzira. Izi imakhudzanso osakaniza monga "MF", "AF" ndi "CC", "zdch" ndi "stch". M'malo mwake, kutchulidwa [u]. Chimwemwe - [u] Astier; mwamuna - Mu [u] ins.

Komanso anaphatikizana ma mneni -tsya -tsya ndipo, mmalo mwa iwo anamva [N]: amaveka korona [Ine] ndi, podwala [N] ndipo anamva [Ine] a.

Izi imakhudzanso zosabvuta pa. Pamene gulu la zilembo wotaya chimodzi: ndi [N] Tse, izves [N] Yak.