Phiri McKinley - mwakhama kufika pamwamba pa North America

Phiri McKinley ndi lili pa nambala yachitatu mndandanda wa nsonga zazitali kwambiri mu dziko. Patsogolo Everest ake okha, amene Tibetans amatchedwanso Qomolangma ndi Aconcagua - ndi zinatha kuphulika kwa South America Andes. Phiri ili pa North America ndipo ena amaganiza monga likulu Hrs wa Alaska mapiri ndi chilumba yokha. Pamene pachimake kukongola a wina Russian, izo ankatchedwa Big Mountain, ndi msonkho kwa kukula kwake otchuka.

Kutchula koyamba pa phiri lidalengedwa ndi George Vancouver m'zaka XVIII mochedwa, umboni ndi kulowa mu zolemba zake za Alaska. Iye wapanga chopereka kwambiri Wrangell, amene 1839 mapu ikuonetsa ka maphunziro a ku Alaska mapiri, kumene mungamvetse ndi McKinley. Mu zaka za m'ma XIX Lavrentiy Zagoskin anapita kukaphunzira chidutswa cha dziko ndi unawonongedwa ndi nkhanza za malo awa. Kamodzi analandira Phiri McKinley amayang'anira daredevils ku dziko lonse ayesetsa kuti akwere pamwamba pa iye, koma kuchita izo sizinali zophweka.

Thanthwe ndi okuya kwambiri ndi malo kufikako complicates njira okwera. Komanso, ozizira kwambiri, pafupifupi 5 Km pamwamba pa dziko lapansi atathana kutentha m'munsimu -80 ° C. Kukwera phiri ndi apamwamba, anthu amadwala matenda okwera, chifukwa mpweya ndi ochepa kwambiri. Phiri McKinley, mapu ndi kuoneka bwino, ali mapiri awiri - South ndi North. The choyamba - ndi yayikulu, kotero okwera ali amaika mumsewu momwe izo zinaliri iye, koma iwe ukapita kumpoto, mudzakhala ndi nthawi ndithu pa mnzace.

Mukwere McKinley anayesa mu 1903, koma n'kotheka aliyense. Mu 1906, dokotala odziwika ndi wofufuza Frederik Kuk analengeza kuti pamwamba pa izo chinaperekedwa kwa. Kwa zaka zitatu, daredevil anapereka kumwamba, ndipo palibe amene amadzinenera amakayikira zoti mawu ake. Mu 1909, Cook anatumiza uthengawo kuti April 21, 1908 iye anapambana wa North Pole, masiku ochepa Robert Piri analengeza kuti nayenso anali pamenepo, kupatula mu April 1909. Mphamvu ya otsiriza chinali chifukwa chakuti Cook ikutchedwa wabodza ndipo anakana zimene anachita.

Phiri McKinley zatenganso mbali yofunika kwambiri imeneyi mavumbulutso ncthito. Panali a Maulendo a Cook, amene anasintha umboni wake, kulengeza kuti kafukufuku silinali pamwamba. Phunziro tsikulo dokotala anapeza kuti iye sanali zabodza ndi analidi munthu woyamba amene anafika onse Pole North ndi North America phiri. Lero, pamwamba boma wogonjetsa ankaona Hudson Anapitirizabe. Phiri McKinley chinaperekedwa kwa iye mu 1913, ndi munthu woyamba popondapo phazi pa nsonga, ndinakhala membala wa ulendo wa, Walter Harper, mbadwa ya pachilumbachi.

Chirichonse chimene icho chinali, koma lero pachimake mu North America amaona kuti kukhala mmodzi wa okwera kwambiri kovuta. Phiri McKinley kudabwa namwali khalidwe, kuchuluka kwa mitundu ya zomera, Pakati pali lichens yekha ndi ndere, komanso mitengo deciduous ndi coniferous, maluwa okongola. Komanso, pali anayi dazeni mitundu ya nyama, Pakati kulandira chithandizo chapadera grizzly zimbalangondo ndi baribaly. Chiyero ndi kukongola kwa chilengedwe ndi amakopa alendo masauzande ambiri amapita chaka chilichonse omwe amabwera ku malo amenewa.