Pasipoti mndandanda - amaimira ndipo kodi

Aliyense boma, posapita nthawi boma zododometsa mavuto mlandu wa nzika zake, ndipo anayamba kuwapatsa mapepala nduna kwa chizindikiritso munthu. Woyamba zolembedwa izi ndi losavuta satifiketi, amene kuwonjezera dzina, wonenedwanso, ntchito, ndi kufotokoza thupi, ndi nambala anali - mtundu wa mndandanda pasipoti pa zomwe zinali zotheka kupeza Nkhani ya m'buku kulembetsa. Koma m'ma 19 m'ma misa zitupa zimafika - ichi chinali chifukwa cha chitukuko zoyendera njanji, chifukwa chimene zinafika povuta kuti mungawononge kayendedwe ka anthu. Koma First World nkhondo, kamodzinso anatumikira monga kutsogolera kwa oyamba a zikalata zofunikira.

Panopa kumanga chikalata nzika zonse za Russian Federation - pasipoti, mndandanda ndipo chiwerengero cha amene ntchito chizindikiritso mu zinasokoneza makompyuta onse alipo. Palibe chikalata ena sangathe kutumikira m'malo lathunthu pasipoti, ayenera kupeza anthu onse amene afika zaka 14. Chikalata chizindikiritso, wosindikiza Apolisi ku maofesi a Federal Ataliatali Service kapena Russia, pamene pasipoti limasonyeza malo okhala - dera, dera, dera kapena Republic. Pasipoti mndandanda limafanana ndi malamulo anatumizidwa ku nkhani lolingana la Chitaganya cha Russia, kotero woyamba manambala awiri akusonyeza malo okhala. The manambala awiri chachiwiri amasonyeza chaka cha nkhani ya chikalata, ndipo wotsatira zisanu ndi manambala nambala zinayendera chiwerengero.

Mu USSR, dongosolo limodzi pasipoti unayamba mu 1933, anthu pasipoti pa dzanja m'midzi sanapatsidwe mpaka 1974. The Soviet zikalata zofunikira, pasipoti mndandanda anatchulidwa mu njira ina - mu maphunzirowa zinali zodzaza ndi kalata ya zilembo Russian ndi mawerengero achiroma. The numeral Roma limasonyeza ndondomeko ya issuance a zikalata zofunikira, ndi makalata nayenso zizigwirizana malo kapena chigawo: mu Moscow anapereka pasipoti ndi makalata MJ ndi Security, Kirov R & D, mu Krasnodar, matenda oopsa, etc.

N'zochititsa chidwi kuti pa nthawi ino anatsimikiza ndi mndandanda wa pasipoti OKATO Directory kuti sakugwirizana analogi ake magalimoto. Ngati inu mwadzidzidzi zindikirani zikusiyana a dera lake chida kachidindo kapena chaka nkhani, sizitanthauza kuti pasipoti yabodza. Monga mu 1997 ndi kutulutsidwa mabuku pa buku lapadera, limene pasipoti anali m'malo ndi mndandanda wa kanjedza utakhazikitsidwa ake dera lililonse.

Nzika za m'mayiko ena angapo pasipoti - mndandanda monga iwo mulibe, koma pali chiwerengero yaitali ndi kalata (Latin zilembo) ndi zilembo M'ndandanda. Pa nkhani imeneyi, chonse mapepala ena m'dziko lathu ndi mavuto - mitundu muli kuvomerezedwa kuti lembani ndime "zino pasipoti."

Kumbukirani kuti mndandanda ndi pasipoti chiwerengero yavlyutsya deta chinsinsi ndipo sadzachitidwa anafotokoza. Choncho, si koyenera kuti akauze mfundo zawo zonse pasipoti, m'pamenenso kufalitsa iwo kupeza lotseguka, ndi pasipoti kapena buku zingakhale pano yokha mu mabungwe boma, monga mabanki, polisi, ndodo hotelo, etc.