Paranasal sinuses: thunthu, kudwala ndi matenda zotheka

Sinuses - zokhudzana m'mphuno, zamkati operekedwa mu chigaza fupa, yokutidwa ndi Kakhungu mucous mkati. N'zokhudza M'mimbamo m'kamwa ndi ntchito humidification, kuyeretsedwa ndi kutentha Mpweya mpweya. sinuses Paranasal mukumwa mbali mu mapangidwe phokoso.

M'nkhani ino Ndikufuna pofotokoza thunthu la zokhudzana izi. Tiyeni tipeze chimene ali m'njira za m'mphuno paranasal. phindu, yofanana ndi anomalies nkhani zotsatirazi. Amatchulanso matenda amene bwanji zokhudzana izi.

Paranasal sinuses: thunthu

Pa mbali zonse za m'mphuno sinuses pafupi zotsatirazi:

• maxillary;
• mazunzo;
• mphero;
• gululi ndikuyenda.

Tiyeni tione wina ndi wina, kodi kumanga m'njira za m'mphuno paranasal.

genyantrum

Maxillary nkusani lili makulidwe wa fupa la nsagwada chapamwamba. Izi ndi yaikulu kwambiri ya m'njira za m'mphuno paranasal. Y anapangidwa wa anthu okhwima buku ake avareji 10 12 masentimita ^3.

mawonekedwe ake akufanana ndi maxillary nkusani tetrahedral piramidi. Malowa ali pamtunda pafupi kunsonga ya ndondomeko zygomatic. Mpanda pansi ndipamene otchedwa alveolar fupa, amene alekanitsa nsagwada chapamwamba wa M'mimbamo m'kamwa.

mazunzo nkusani

Tipitirize kupeza momwe kupanga mphuno ndi sinuses paranasal. Chotsatira, kuyang'ana pa thunthu la nkusani mazunzo. inawo aikidwa pakati pa matupi mbale m'dera mazunzo fupa. Iwo agawidwa amachepetsa awiri ofanana, ndi kugawa wapadera.

Ukulu wa nkusani mazunzo kwakukulukulu fluctuates mwa anthu. voliyumu pa avareji akhale pakati pa 3 ndi 5 cm ^3. Development anapereka mafuta a m'mphuno akuyamba ndi zaka zoyambirira za moyo ndipo itha pa zaka 25 zakubadwa.

sphenoid nkusani

Sphenoid nkusani, lomwe limatchedwanso chachikulu, ali pakatikati pa fupa sphenoid la nsagwada chapamwamba, monga pamwamba pa Chipilala cha nasopharynx lapansi. Iye anagawa fupa wosiyana kugawa m'magulu awiri, omwe ali ndi kubwereketsa mu amphuno ndime chapamwamba.

m'malire Sphenoid nkusani ndi maenje cranial, carotid mtsempha wamagazi, misempha kuti ali ndi udindo kayendedwe ka maso. Choncho, kupanga njira pathological m'chigawo wasonyeza loopsa kwambiri osati thanzi koma moyo.

Mukhale sphenoid nkusani umayamba nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa. mapangidwe ake itha zaka 20.

ethmoidal kukhotakhota

Pofotokoza sinuses ndi (chithunzi zili m'nkhani, nasonyeza malo awo), ndi bwino kuganizira thunthu la otchedwa latisi ndikuyenda. Netiweki iyi aumbike nkusani osiyana mu mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwa zipinda pneumatic. Iwo zili mu dera pakati pa mphuno ndi zitsulo diso. The kumtunda ali M'mphepete ndi mauna kukhotakhota gululi ndi ophthalmic zapambuyo cranial fossa.

Ana anapereka sinuses paranasal osauka kwambiri mwachangu. Mapangidwe komaliza amalumikizana maselo pneumatic itha pafupifupi 14-16 zaka.

Mutakumananso, pezani kodi pathologies ndi matenda a m'njira za m'mphuno paranasal.

rhinitis

The matenda ambiri amene amakhudza m'njira za m'mphuno paranasal. Matendawa ndi matenda khalidwe pachimake, amachokera tizilombo. Iwo amakhala ndi zosayembekezereka wochuluka secretions mucous ku m'mphuno, amavutika kupuma.

Mu rhinitis mankhwala ntchito. Mu zovuta kwambiri, milandu zapamwamba, madokotala amachita alowererepo pa opaleshoni. Kufunika kwa zimenezi amapezeka mu kukhalapo kwa mapindikidwe wa m'mphuno septum, ndi okhutira mpweya wa pakati chapamwamba ndipo hypertrophy a zipolopolo fupa.

sinusitis

Pansi tanthauzo anadziwa zimenezi minofu kutupa limene zilonda sinuses. The causative wothandizila matendawa ndi chifuwa komanso matenda. Zizindikiro zazikulu: nyamuka azilandira kutentha thupi, zonse m'mphuno kuchulukana, litsipa, imfa ya fungo, mphamvu ya kuthamanga pa zitsulo diso. Mu Zikavuta kwambiri, pali pachimake a mano ndi kutupa nkhope.

Mankhwalawa sinusitis kukuonetsedwa kulandira mankhwala immunomodulatory kuti tizikonda Mitsempha madontho, mankhwala ngalande paranasal sinuses. Popanda mankhwala yake ya sinusitis akhale njira zambiri pachimake, lotchedwa sinusitis, sinusitis, ethmoiditis. zosokonezeka izi zimabweretsa kutupa makoma fupa ndi airway mucous zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Mu sinusitis choopsa cha sinuses kachilombo allocated zambiri purulent misa. Popanda mankhwala khalidwe matenda ingafalire kuti zimakhala ozungulira a sinuses ndi, makamaka kuwafika ubongo, kuti ambiri agonjetsa mavuto aakulu.

Polyposis, paranasal sinuses

Tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi zophuka minofu kuti pang'onopang'ono kukula mu nembanemba mucous mphuno. Yak ndi maziko a zosiyanasiyana matenda. Kaŵirikaŵiri kungachititse kuti mapangidwe kutupa aakulu a zimakhala.

Mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za polyposis Dziwani:

• blockage kupuma ndi;
• mwauchidakwa nthawi ya wathunthu m'mphuno kuchulukana;
• kutupa zimakhala ndi;
• kusintha mawu amamveka kuti m'mphuno ndi;
• msokonezo kununkhiza kenako kumva.

Kukula kwa tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kutsazikana opaleshoni. Ngati chosayenerera ndi wapezeka mu magawo oyambirira mapangidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndiwofatsa, makamaka phwando mankhwala a antihistamine ndi odana ndi yotupa, vitamini maofesi.

The mapindikidwe wa septum m'mphuno

The kudwala wa muzu wa m'mphuno septum zopatuka centerline ake onse kapena aliyense mbali imodzi. Matendawa akhoza yotengedwa kapena cholowa. Pamene a m'mphuno septum mapindikidwe munthu angathe kumva kuvutika kupuma, nthawi zonse amadwala sinusitis ndi rhinitis.

Chithandizo ndi opaleshoni. Kubwezeretsa thanzi la ntchito ya kuwukonza m'mphuno septum - otchedwa septoplasty. Cholinga chachikulu cha ndondomeko ndi kusintha kupuma m'mphuno.

pomaliza

Monga mmene taonera, sinuses kwenikweni kupanga zopezera cavities conductive mpweya. N'zosadabwitsa kuti matenda onse, wopangidwa mwa malo nthumwi, ofanana mu etymology. Paokha kudziwa matenda anakantha sinuses, kovuta. Njira zomwe zotsatira ndi ena pathologies akhoza kwathunthu operewera pa mpumulo. Mu kukhalapo kwa zizindikiro za matenda pamwamba bwino pomwepo kufunafuna matenda ndi dokotala wodziwa bwino ntchito, pofuna kupewa mavuto.