Nkhuku: yaitali bwanji chitukuko cha nkhuku?

Amathandiza kwambiri kuti chitukuko cha chiphunzitso ndi machitidwe a makulitsidwe wapanga nthawi yophunzira ya embryonic chitukuko cha mbalame zaulimi nkhuku chitsanzo. Kenako, tione wamkulu siteji ya mbalame.

mwachidule

phunziro inachokera pa chiphunzitso cha phasic chitukuko T. D. Lysenko. malo amafotokoza limati nthawi komanso magawo chitukuko cha nkhuku ndi osiyana. Izi anawonetseredwa mu malo oyamba ayenera kusintha kwa mwana wosabadwayo mu ndondomeko za kukula kwa chilengedwe. zinthu zina ankaona zinthu chofungatira azinga dzira. Pamene anali kuphunzira osati malinga ndi kukula kwa nkhuku, komanso mbali zina zapadera zoti munthu kapena nthawi zina ndi gawo. Dzira mwana wosabadwayo ndipo anatengedwa wonse ndi kulemekeza chilengedwe. maphunziro anali kuchitidwa, kutenga nkhani ya opaleshoni akafuna chofungatira lapansi. Kuyambira mfundo imeneyi ankaona kusintha morphophysiological patsogolo kunachitika dzira pa nthawi makulitsidwe.

Kusintha kwa zofunikira kwa zinthu zachilengedwe

Kuphunzira funso liti ndi chitukuko cha nkhuku, m'pofunika kuganizira mlingo wa kusintha kwa mwana wosabadwayo zosowa za zinthu ozungulira. Ndi chifukwa chakuti mu kakafupi a makulitsidwe a ambiri maselo anapanga mwana wankhuku kuti atangotha prokleva chipolopolo angathe kuli palokha zonse. Pa nthawi imeneyi magwero a mpweya ndi chakudya tisandulika kangapo. Kusintha bwanji mtundu wa kagayidwe, zakudya ndi ndondomeko kupuma, ndi zinthu zina yoyipa mwachindunji pa kukula ndi chitukuko cha nkhuku. Anapeza kuti zopindulitsa kukula wosabadwa ayenera zinthu, osiyanasiyana ndi msinkhu wake. Ngati pa siteji zina za chitukuko cha zinthu zofunika si anakumana, ena gulu la mazira kufa. Pankhaniyi, opulumuka adzapitiriza kukula mu sanali kugwilizana ndi malamulo a zizindikiro.

Nthawi makulitsidwe

Choncho, nthawi yaitali bwanji chitukuko cha nkhuku? Nthawi embryonic kusasitsa ankaona intervals nthawi imene ana amafuna zinthu zosiyana, zosiyana ndi m'mbuyomu. nthawi zonsezi 6: Mphindi 1-2 mphindi 3-5, mphindi 6-10, mphindi 11-15, mphindi 16-19, 20-21-TH tsiku makulitsidwe. Kenako gawo loyamba lasinthidwa ndi unagawidwa awiri. Choncho, pali wokhala ndi koyamba - maola 12-16, ndipo chachiwiri - maola 32-36. Nthawi yoyamba amakhala kuti pamene izo nyongolosi okhutira chofanana ndi womwe Kutacha m'mimba. Kukula bwino nkhuku amaperekedwa ndi zinthu zofunikira. Zikuphatikizapo, makamaka, azinyamula kutentha mpaka 41 °, chinyezi mkulu ndi mkulu wa carbon dioxide zili mu chilengedwe.

Kuyankha kusinthasintha kutentha

Mu kuphunzira funso, kodi chitukuko cha nkhuku, m'pofunika kulabadira zinthu zingapo zimene zimakhudza ndondomeko lonse wonse ndi magawo munthu makamaka. Choncho, kutentha ali ndi chikoka kwambiri. Mtengo zamoyo dzira kuchuluka ngati wotchi koyamba ndi usavutike, ndi lotsatira - yozizira. Chifukwa, linanena bungwe nkhuku kumawonjezera kwambiri. Kuwonjezera zakunja zinthu mkati ndi zimakhudza mwachindunji pa chitukuko lapansi ndi kukula. Choncho, pambuyo kuswa mazira nkhuku okha alibe nzeru zokwanira kuti azilamulira thupi kutentha. Ngati kulera ikuchitika ndi ana nkhuku, chipinda ayenera kutenthetsa digiri 20-22.

Sabata zoyambirira za moyo

Ngati anapiye akupanga nkhuku, ndiye m'dera ufulu osiyanasiyana iwo linatuluka pa zaka koposera masabata awiri. Pankhaniyi yozungulira kutentha ayenera kukhala osachepera madigiri 18. Pansi pa zikhalidwe izi, mbadwa mwakula popanda nkhuku, inakhazikitsa mu zaka masabata 4.

chakudya

Pambuyo kuswa, nyama awasungira mu yolk sac ena malo zakudya. Chuck amagwiritsa mpakana amaphunzira n'kumamujompha mwendo chakudya chawo. Pofika sabata chachiwiri cha moyo ana mokondwera amagwiritsa kanyumba tchizi, zitsamba finely akanadulidwa (atsopano). Chakudya anapatsidwa kangapo patsiku mu chakudya chochepa. Ndi masabata awiri zakubadwa ntchito monga chakudya osakaniza balere, oat tirigu ndi ufa chimanga (m'madera ofanana). Mwezi ndi nkhuku kutulutsa mbewu, chakudya.

broiler

Kuswana nkhuku m'dziko munda akhoza kuchitika chaka chonse. Pankhaniyi, mwiniwake mosavuta akatipatse nyama zakudya. Iwo ayenera kuganizira zina za kulima mbalame chaka chonse. Kodi yaitali amachita chitukuko cha nkhuku phunziro kwa sayansi? Izo ziyenera kuti mu kukhalapo kwa zinthu zogwira mtima ndi bwino pa zaka masiku 49 achinyamata ukufika 1.5 makilogalamu kulemera, ndi 56-60-TH tsiku - 2 kg. Ambiri ayamba alimi nkhuku kogwirizana ndi funso liti ndi chitukuko cha nkhuku pamaso akuyamba kubala. Apa tisaiwale kuti mlingo wa m'badwo uno zimadalira mtundu mbalame. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ena kuyamba kuchitidwa pa 17 sabata TH. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo, zochitika zimasonyeza kuti pa avareji nkhuku kuikira mazira ndi 22 TH sabata la moyo.