Nkhani wamoyo ntchito za nkhani wamoyo. chiphunzitso Vernadsky za biosphere ndi

Kufotokoza njira ikuchitika mu dziko lathuli, asayansi anatenga zaka mazana ambiri. Pang'onopang'ono anasonkhanitsa kudziwa anakula zinthu ongolankhula ndi yoona. Masiku ano, anthu sangapeze kulongosola zochitika zambiri zachilengedwe alowerere pa zochita zawo, kusintha kapena kutumiza.

Kodi ntchito mu njira zonse zachilengedwe atenge dziko wamoyo, monga zinaonekeratu mwakamodzi. Komabe, nzeru zapamwamba Russian, biogeochemist V. I. Vernadsky anakhoza kulenga chiphunzitso anakhala maziko ndi kukhala choncho lero. Kuti limafotokozera, kodi dziko lonse, kodi pali ubale pakati pa zipani zonse. Ndipo Chofunika, ganizo limeneli zikupereka yankho la funso za udindo wa zamoyo pa dziko lapansi. Njirayi imatchedwa kuti chiphunzitso cha kapangidwe ka biosphere dziko lapansi.

Biosphere ndi matabwa ake

Biosphere wasayansi akufuna kuitana m'dera lonse la amoyo ndi zopanda moyo, umene uli pafupi zedi, ndi ankapitabe olowa kumathandiza kuti mapangidwe zigawo zina za chikhalidwe geochemical.

Ndiko kuti, biosphere zikuphatikizapo kapangidwe otsatirawa a Dziko Lapansi:

• mmunsi mwa m'mlengalenga wosanjikiza Mpweya umene;
• onse hydrosphere;
• lithosphere pamwamba - zigawo nthaka ili pansipa ndi pansi palimodzi.

Ndiko kuti, anthu m'madera onse kuti akhoza wotanganidwa ndi zinthu zamoyo. Onse a iwo, nawonso, kuimira okwana zotsalira zazomera, wotchedwa nkhani moyo wa biosphere lapansi. Zikuphatikizapo oimira maufumu onse a chikhalidwe ndi munthu. Katundu ndi ntchito moyo kanthu ndi determinant mu amakhala ndi biosphere lonse, kuyambira ndi ndendende - chigawo waukulu.

Komabe, popanda amoyo, zimatulutsa mitundu yambiri ya zipangizo zimene zimapanga chipolopolo dziko lapansi amaona mwa ife. Ndi monga:

• biogenic;
• inert;
• biokosnyh;
• nyukiliya;
• Space;
• maatomu ufulu ndi zinthu.

Pamodzi, izi mitundu ya kugwirizana ndi kupanga malo zotsalira zazomera, zikhalidwe za moyo wake. Pa oimira yemweyo nthawi ya maufumu a chikhalidwe amakhala kuti kwambiri kuti mapangidwe zosiyanasiyana zinthu zimenezi.

Ambiri, onse zigawo zaikidwa wa biosphere ndi kulemera akaphatikiza mbali Dongosolo la chilengedwe. Ndi iwo amene amabwera mu mgwirizano pafupi, akuchita vuto la mphamvu, zipangizo, wambirimbiri ndi processing mankhwala ambiri. Koma unit chachikulu - kanthu wamoyo. Ntchito ya moyo nkhani zosiyana, koma zonse zofunika kwambiri ndi kofunika kukhalabe boma chilengedwe cha dziko.

Woyambitsa ndi chiphunzitso cha biosphere ndi

Amene analenga maganizo "biosphere" anakamba kuti, kusasintha ndi kwathunthu kuwuluridwa, anali ndi njira zapadera maganizo, mphamvu sanafotokozepo yerekezerani mfundo ndi deta, kuzindikira zomveka. munthu wotereyu pa nthawi anali V. I. Vernadsky. A munthuyu, wasayansi, academician ndi katswiri, anayambitsa m'masukulu ambiri. ntchito akhala penipeni pa omangapo ziphunzitso zonse kutali.

Iye ndiye mlengi wa biogeochemistry lonse. Iye akutchedwa chilengedwe cha m'munsi gwero mchere wa Russia (ndiye USSR). ana ake anali odziwika mu tsogolo la Russia ndi Ukraine Asayansi.

Vernadsky zolosera za udindo waukulu wa anthu a m'dzikoli organic ndi dongosolo limene ikusintha biosphere mu noosphere ndi, tili ndi zifukwa akwaniritsidwa.

Kukhala nkhani. Ntchito ya nkhani moyo wa biosphere ndi

Monga ife tawakonzera pamwamba, ndi moyo kanthu ankaona m'mlengalenga akuti ndi kuchotsedwa zamoyo a maufumu onse a chilengedwe. The wapadera chomwecho udindo anthu zatenga mwa onse. The zifukwa anali:

• malo ogula, koposa popanga;
• chitukuko cha maganizo ndi chikumbumtima.

nthumwi zina zonse - ndi chinthu chamoyo. Ntchito ya nkhani moyo yapangidwa ndi mwachindunji ndi Vernadsky. Iye amatenga udindo wa zamoyo zotsatirazi:

1. Redox.
2. Zowononga.
3. Mayendedwe.
4. Environment-n'kupanga.
5. Gasi.
6. Mphamvu.
7. Information.
8. Ndende.

Ntchito zofunika za nkhani biosphere wamoyo - mpweya, mphamvu ndi redox. Komabe, mpumulo zili zofunikira, kupereka njira zovuta za zimachitika pakati pa mbali zonse ndi zinthu za chipolopolo moyo wa dziko.

Uliwonse mwa ntchito mwatsatanetsatane kuti tanthauzo ndi zimene ndicho.

The redox ntchito ya nkhani moyo

Iwo akuwonetseredwa mu ambiri amuzolengedwa masinthidwe zinthu pakati pa chamoyo wamoyo. Ndipotu, kuyambira mabakiteriya chisawawa lalikulu, kamodzi anachita chachiwiri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ena zinthu akusinthika mu ena kuphwanya m'magulu chigawo.

The chifukwa cha njira zimenezi kwa biosphere ndi mapangidwe zinthu biogenic. Kodi mankhwala akhoza kupereka chitsanzo?

1. miyala carbonate (choko, nsangalabwi, miyala) - nkhono zinyalala mankhwala, ena nyanja ndi kumtunda zolengedwa zambiri.
2. Miyala ya mitundu pakachitsulo - zotsatira zaka zochita kunachitika nyama zipolopolo zipolopolo ndi pansi pa madzi.
3. Khala ndi peat - chifukwa cha kusinthika amuzolengedwa zikuchitika ndi zomera.
4. Mafuta ndi ena.

Choncho, mankhwala zochita - ndi maziko kwa chilengedwe cha zinthu zambiri zothandiza kuti munthu ndi chikhalidwe. Awa ndi ntchito za nkhani akukhala biosphere lapansi.

Ntchito ndende

Ngati ife kulankhula za Kuwulura mfundo udindo wothandizila ndi, m'pofunika lozani ubwenzi wake pafupi ndi munthu m'mbuyomu. Mwachidule, ndende ntchito ya nkhani wamoyo ndi kudzikundikira mu thupi kwa zinthu zina, maatomu a mankhwala. Chifukwa ndi mapangidwe miyala kwambiri, mchere ndi mchere tatchulazi.

Kudziunjikira ndi mtundu wina wa kugwirizana amatha cholengedwa chirichonse. Komabe, kwa onse cha zovuta zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, onse kuvutika ndi mpweya. Koma si thupi akhoza kuganizira za 20% chitsulo, monga kuchita mabakiteriya chitsulo.

Munthu angathe tchulani zitsanzo zochepa kuti bwino Mwachitsanzo nchito imeneyi ya nkhani moyo.

1. Diatoms, radiolarians - pakachitsulo.
2. Dzimbiri bowa - manganese.
3. Bzalani lobelia mpweya - chrome.
4. Bzalani halophyte - boron.

Kuwonjezera nyengo, ambiri a anthu wozindikira amatha kupanga atamwalira zovuta lonse la zinthu.

Gasi Mbali mankhwala

Udindo umenewu ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu. Pambuyo mpweya kuwombola - ndondomeko zhizneobrazuyuschy kwa anthu onse. Ngati ife kulankhula za biosphere wonse, ndi gasi ntchito ya nkhani wamoyo amayamba ntchito ya zomera, chimene ndondomeko ya photosynthesis, mumpanda wa carbon dioxide ndi kutulutsa mpweya okwanira.

Zokwanira chiyani? Pakuti moyo wa anthu onse amene sangathe kuzichita izo paokha. Ndipo izo zonse nyama, bowa, mabakiteriya ambiri. Ngati ife kulankhula za mafuta ntchito ya nyama, ndi kumwa mpweya ndi chilengedwe mpweya woipa pa kupuma.

Izi amalenga mkombero wamba, lomwe ndi maziko a moyo. Asayansi atsimikizira kuti ambirimbiri mwa zomera ndi zamoyo zina anatha modernize kwathunthu ndi kusintha chikhalidwe cha dziko okha. Zotsatirazi chinachitika:

• anthu ambiri mpweya kukhala zokwanira moyo;
• anapanga ozoni, amene amateteza danga amoyo onse ku zoipa ndi ultraviolet poizoniyu;
• mpweya zikuchokera kwambiri moti zimene zingamuthandize zolengedwa kwambiri.

Choncho, gasi ntchito ya nkhani moyo wa biosphere ndipo chimodzi chofunika kwambiri.

ntchito zoyendera

Amatanthauza kubalana ndi kufalitsa tizilombo m'madera osiyana. Pali ena malamulo chilengedwe amene amalamulira yogawa ndi zapansi mayendedwe zokhalapo. Malinga ndi iwo, munthu aliyense akutenga malo awo. Palinso ubale mpikisano chopatsa ndi kuthetsa ndi chitukuko cha madera atsopano.

Choncho, ntchito za nkhaniyi biosphere wamoyo - kubalana ndi Kuthetsa, kenako mapangidwe zatsopano.

ntchito yowononga

Ichi ndi mbali ina yofunika imene khalidwe la zamoyo za biosphere lapansi. Amakhala mu mphamvu kuphwanyaphwanya mu zinthu chosavuta pambuyo pa imfa, ndiyo kukatseka mkombero moyo. Ngakhale chamoyo wamoyo, pali yogwira maselo. Pamene munthu amafa, imayamba deconstruction, azingokhala m'zigawo yosavuta.

Izi zachitika ndi gulu lapadera la mabungwe, amatchedwa detritus kapena decomposers. Njirazi ndi monga:

• nyongolosi;
• mabakiteriya,
• bowa;
• mogwirizana ndi ena.

ntchito topezeka

Ntchito yaikulu ya nkhani moyo chingakhale chosakwanira ngati ife sanatchule sredoobrazovanie. Kodi zikutanthauza chiyani? Takambirana kale anatchula mfundo yakuti zamoyo m'kupita kwa kusanduka analenga nokha m'mlengalenga. Chinthu chomwecho iwo anachita ndi chilengedwe.

Tithe kumvetsa kumasulira kwake ndi kukhathamitsa nthaka mankhwala mchere, organic, iwo analenga zokha oyenera topsoil - nthaka. The Tinganenenso chimodzimodzi za umagwirira madzi a m'nyanja ndi m'nyanja. Ndiko kuti, zinthu zamoyo paokha kupanga chilengedwe moyo wake. Izi anawonetseredwa ntchito yake topezeka mu biosphere lapansi.

Information udindo wa nkhani moyo

Udindo umenewu yeniyeni zamoyo, ndi zambiri kwambiri anayamba ndi m'pamenenso ntchito ngati chotengera cha mfundo ndi Achiritsa purosesa. Palibe zopanda moyo chinthu sangathe kumbukirani, "kulemba" pa chikumbumtima ndi kusewera mudziwe zambiri za mtundu uliwonse. Iye angakhoze kokha kuchita zamoyo.

Izo si za kulankhula ndi kuganiza. Information ntchito kumaphatikizapo chodabwitsa kuteteza ndi kufala kukukhala yeniyeni ya chidziwitso ndi umboni wa cholowa.

ntchito mphamvu

Mphamvu - ndi ndiwo mphamvu, chifukwa muli chinthu moyo. Ntchito ya nkhani zamoyo akuwonetseredwa makamaka kuthekera pokonza mphamvu ya biosphere mu njira zosiyana, kuyambira dzuwa mpaka kutentha ndi magetsi.

Palibe kotero kudziunjikira ndi kusintha cheza cha ku dzuwa sindingakhoze. Pano pali kugwirizana choyamba, ndithudi, zomera. Iwo kuyamwa dzuwa mwachindunji padziko lonse la wobiriwira ziwalo. Ndiye uzidzatenga mphamvu mankhwala alipo kwa nyama. Yotsirizira ndi wotembenuka mu zosiyanasiyana:

• matenthedwe;
• magetsi;
• mawotchi ndi ena.