Njerwa khoma makulidwe zomangamanga

Njerwa monga chuma kumanga kudziwika kwa nthawi yaitali. Kutchulidwa kwa angapezeke mu Baibulo, mu nkhani za nthawi pambuyo Chigumula.

Erection wa nyumba njerwa ndi mizu yonse, mu dziko, pali zambiri nyumba ngati chibwenzi kumbuyo kwa zaka zambiri. Pali nthawi yaitali nyumba, anamanga 150 kapena ngakhale 200 zapitazo. Njerwa nthawizonse zogwirizana kwambiri ndi otchuka zomangila mu dziko.

Kodi ndi wokonda izi omanga zakuthupi? ubwino bwino kwake akhoza kuwasiyanitsa.

mphamvu

Nyumba ntchito zopangidwa njerwa M100, M125, M150, M175. Intaneti index pambuyo makalata zikusonyeza mphamvu ndi akusonyeza kuti mtundu uwu kukamaomba katundu 100, 125, 150, 175 makilogalamu / masentimita ^2. Brand M100 ndi oyenera pa ntchito yomanga nyumba wamtali ndi 3 mbewu.

durability

The nyumba, amene ali abwino wandiweyani njerwa kunja makoma anamanga zipangizo khalidwe ndipo malingana ndi malamulo nyumba, mukhoza kuima kuposa zaka.

zachilengedwe wochezeka

The zikuchokera njerwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zomwe mulibe zosafunika zoipa - dongo, mchenga, madzi. Iye breathable, "amapuma" ndipo alibe kuvunda.

Ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana, aesthetics

Ukulu wa njerwa ndi stacking luso nacho kwambiri kufika ntchito mapulani. Munthu kalembedwe njerwa nyumba adzakupatsani m'maganizo ndi wapadera.

chisanu-kukana

Yaikulu za mmene ntchito yomanga njerwa ndi mayeso mabacteria osiyana nyengo kutsimikizira kuti nkhaniyi ali ndi kukana mkulu chisanu, amene anatchulidwa F25, F35, F50.

Intaneti Index limasonyeza ndalama yozizira koopsa ndi thawing wa njerwa m'chigawo zimalimbikitsa wa madzi, kenako umayamba kusintha sizingasinthe.

chitetezo moto

Njerwa - zosagwira moto zakuthupi ndi mfundo zabwino kwambiri ndipo malangizo moto, ndi makulidwe a malinga a nyumba ya njerwa sadzalola moto kufalitsa ku chipinda kuchipinda.

soundproofing

Njerwa ndi zabwino zokutira zitsulo zinthu, kuposa nkhuni, ndi mapanelo konkire. Khoma makulidwe mu nyumba njerwa bwino kutetezedwa phokoso msewu.

The osachepera khoma makulidwe

Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro zazikulu za nyumba ya njerwa - khoma makulidwe. Kukula kwa ochiritsira njerwa ceramic ndi 250h120h65 mm. Kumanga malamulo kutenga kudziwa khoma makulidwe ndi angapo 12 (theka la njerwa kutalika).

Iwo likukhalira kuti makulidwe a linga ndi wofanana ndi:

• theka-njerwa - 120 mamilimita;
• mu njerwa imodzi - 250 mamilimita;
• theka-njerwa - 380 mm (10 mm zidzawonjezedwa kwa makulidwe a olowa pakati njerwa);
• njerwa awiri - 510 mm (mamilimita 10 pa msoko ndi);
• awiri ndi theka njerwa - 640 mm.

Miyezo yomanga chomwecho bwino chimatanthauza makulidwe osachepera khoma la njerwa. Ziyenera kukhala mu osiyanasiyana 1/20 kuti 1/25 wa msinkhu wa pansi. Zambiri mawerengedwe mapulogalamu, ngati pansi 3 meters mu msinkhu, khoma makulidwe ayenera kukhala osachepera 150 mm. Njerwa khoma amene makulidwe ndi zosakwana 150 mm, oyenera partitions yosavuta mkati.

Akunja zimakhudza njerwa makoma

Mphamvu komanso mtendere wa nyumbayi kupereka mpanda kunja. Iwo amatchedwa onyamula chifukwa iwo onse anali katundu kuchita nyumbayi. Umboni kuwawa kwa alipo, ndi apamwamba makoma, padenga, katundu ntchito (mipando, zinthu, anthu) ndi chipale chofewa.

Poyambira zomangamanga ali ngodya ya nyumba. Aliyense wa iwo ndi chabwino (anachokera ku njerwa ngodya ndi limagwirizana vertically ndi nkhwangwa nyumbayi). Pakona kuika limatuluka kwa 6-8 zino. The pamakona a mpanda kunja analimbikitsa analimbitsa zitsulo gululi wa waya awiri 6 mm. Ndiye pakati ankayatsa pa nsonga kumtunda kwa khoma la njerwa lidakali twayini, omwe amatanthauza lakunja chitsulo chogwira matayala dongosolo. Kuyambira chabwino imodzi yomanga nyumba ina kuchitikira kakakulu makoma ndizo mbali akunja, amkati ndi pakati, wodzala ndi kutchinjiriza kapena zinthu zina butyat. Njerwa Wall kuika bandeji pambuyo mizere itatu kapena asanu lozhkovyh muyenera bonder wina. Pali ziwembu ambiri njerwa. Malinga ndi dongosolo la dera la machira ndi bonder mizere zingasiyane. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi matabwa, iwo sayenera kuyikidwa pamwamba pa ena. Mothandizidwa ndi amachepetsa ndi makobidi a njerwa zosavuta kuloza laterally wachibale kwa mzere kunsi. Pambuyo kuwayika mizere angapo ofukula mlingo khoma ndi kufufuzidwa pofuna kupewa kupotoza ndege zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zingaipitse maonekedwe zokongoletsa kwa nyumbayi.

The makulidwe a njerwa khoma chonyamulira asankhidwa pa maziko a zone nyengo, maonekedwe a chilengedwe ndi mphamvu yake. Koma kuwerengetsera aliyense ayenera kukhala osachepera 380 mm (zowalamulira "mu theka-njerwa"). Mu kumpoto zambiri kuonjezera makulidwe mpaka 510 mm, ndipo ngakhale mpaka 640 mm.

Kuchepetsa katundu pa khoma maziko ndi atsogolere ntchito yomanga mpanda kunja anagona njerwa. Kodi zomangamanga olimba si ndakuwonetserani, ndi yokwera mtengo ndipo kumachepetsa ikukhudzana chitetezo dongosolo.

khoma kutchinjiriza

Amagwiritsa ntchito luso limene zomangamanga imachitidwa ndi zitsime chipangizo. Bwaloli makoma awiri anapatukana pa 140-270 mamilimita kuvomerezedwa ligation mndandanda iliyonse 650-1200 mm. zitsime ndizodzazidwa ndi kutchinjiriza pakati pa zomangamanga ndi compaction kuvomerezedwa. Izi zikhoza kukhala opepuka konkire, slag, kukodzedwa dongo, utuchi ndi zina zotero. Pamene ntchito chitetezo matenthedwe wa nyumba ukuwonjezeka ndi 10-15%.

The kutchinjiriza yabwino kwambiri ndi thovu. ntchito yake kumachepetsa khoma makulidwe a ku 290 mm (120 mamilimita + njerwa thovu njerwa 50 mm + 120 mm). Koma ngati ife kusiya bwino 100 mamilimita lonse (kwa zigawo ziwiri thovu zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo ndi toyalana matabwa), chotero matenthedwe madutsidwe lofanana khoma mosalekeza adzakhala atagona 640 mamilimita wandiweyani. Njerwa khoma amene makulidwe ndi 290 mamilimita ayenera zina chitetezo ndi grids 5 mizere.

Kuti nyumba wabwino, kukonza kutchinjiriza zina kuchokera kunja kapena mkati mwa nyumbayo. Apa abwino polystyrene thovu, polystyrene thovu, mchere ubweya ndi zina zipangizo zofewa kapena zovuta. Ndi awa chitetezo matenthedwe akhoza ziwonjezeke kwa 100%.

Internal makoma katundu zobala

Kumanga m'litali kapena m'lifupi mamita kuposa zisanu ndi theka yaitali mbali ankasiyana mkati makoma akuthandiza. Iwo amapanga mawotchi zimakhudza slab dongosolo kapena zokutira.

The makulidwe a malinga a mkati mwa njerwa ndi zosakwana kunja chifukwa sikutanthauza kutchinjiriza, koma osachepera 250 mm (zomangamanga "mu njerwa"). Onse katundu mwankhanza makoma, ndi kunja ndi mkati, umanena kupanga, pamodzi ndi maziko ndi denga dongosolo limodzi - mafupa a nyumbayi. akatundu onse kuchita dongosolo lidzawotchedwa anagawira wogawana pa m'deralo. Anasankha mating kunja ndi mkati mpanda, kapena osiyana ikuthandizira mauna zolimba mizere 5 njerwa. Partitions kukhuta osachepera 510 mm m'lifupi ndipo nayenso anatsindika. Ngati inu mukufuna kuti muzilembe zipilala monga zipilala, chigawo cha zomangamanga ayenera kukhala osachepera 380h380 mm (zowalamulira "mu theka-njerwa"). Iwo analimbitsa waya mizere 3-6 mamilimita 5 pa msinkhu wa zomangamanga.

septa

makoma awa kubala kugawanika zonal malo m'madera ambiri. Popeza partitions si katundu mwankhanza, ndipo osati anakhudzidwa ndi katundu wina osati kulemera yake, ndiye inu mukhoza kusankha chimene makulidwe a khoma la njerwa yosayenera zambiri malo a.

Partitions 120 mm (zomangamanga "mu theka-njerwa") kwenikweni kukonza pakati zipinda, zimbudzi. Ngati chofunika kupatukana yaing'ono mtundu chipinda chosungira dera, pakhoza anagona 65 mamilimita khoma makulidwe (zomangamanga "pa m'mphepete"). Koma ngati kugawa ayenera analimbitsa ndi waya 3 mamilimita iliyonse mizere 2-3 ya zomangamanga pa msinkhu, ngati m'litali ndi mamita oposa theka.

Kuti magawowa kulemera ndi kuchepa katundu pa makoma denga anapanga dzenje kapena porous njerwa ceramic.

A njira yothetsera zomangamanga

Ngati kunja zomangamanga makoma kukhala "pansi kumasulira", ndiye khalidwe la kapangidwe ndi ntchito bwino ndi njira zimadalira m'mene azisangalala adzayang'ana njerwa khoma. The makulidwe a matabwa ayenera kukhala yemweyo kulikonse, ndipo iwo ayenera mudzaze kwathunthu opanda sikuloledwa. Njira yothetsera ayenera kukhala okonzeka isanayambe ntchito ndi ntchito maola awiri. Ductility limawonjezera dongo, miyala kapena zamkati nsangalabwi.

Kutsatira yopingasa welds makulidwe a mamilimita 10 ndi 15, chifukwa ofukula - kuchokera mamilimita 8 mpaka 10.

Pomanga nyumba ya njerwa ayenera kudziwa kuti kupatuka aliyense ku ntchitoyi zingachititse kuti zotsatira sizimadziwika ina. Bata ndi mphamvu ya zomangamanga zimakhudza makoma mosavuta kuchepetsedwa ngati:

• kuchepetsa makulidwe awo;
• kuonjezera kutalika awo;
• kuwonjezera malo kapena chiwerengero cha apertures;
• kuchepetsa m'lifupi partitions pakati pa mipata ya;
• kukonza m'makoma kapena njira zina kagawo kakang'ono;
• ntchito ankawonjezereka alipo.

Njerwa khoma makulidwe amene ali ochepera kapangidwe ayenera pomwe zina.

kusintha onse ntchitoyo ikhale ndi akatswiri, inu simungakhoze kuchita ichi chokha.

Anamanga njerwa ali ndi mwayi zoonekeratu, anawaika pa mlingo kuposa nyumba za zinthu zina. Kumachitidwa mogwirizana ndi ntchito choyambirira, iwo ndi kalembedwe awo ndi chithumwa. Ndipo ili ndi njira yabwino ndalama ndi kulanda katundu ana tinatengera.